Sector coupling with Power-to-Gas 23 November 2016 Dr K. Peter Röttgen FCH JU Stakeholder Forum Brussels, Belgium EASE President Vice President Market interface management, Uniper Innovation
Energy system Generation Grids Storage Power Wind/Solar to Power Gas Heat Power to Power Gas to Power/Heat Power to Gas Coal to Power/Heat Power to Heat FCH JU Stakeholder Forum 2016.11.23 Demand Residential Mobility Industry Source:
Natural Gas Grid Sector coupling Source Markets for Energy Power-Gas-Certificate Destination Markets Hydrogen Power Heat Grid Service Control power, voltage, frequency Renewable Generation Decentralized Generation Conventional Generation Electrolysis, other principles H 2 Power-to-Gas SNG Mobility Industry Natural Gas & Hydrogen Power Heat Mobility CH 4,Bio Industry FCH JU Stakeholder Forum 2016.11.23 Source:
Share of renewable energy "Merit-Order" Possible Commercial Market Entry of power-to-gas technologies Technology demand complementary to the increase of installed capacity of renewables Timeline 2016 2030 2050 Batteries, Power to Heat, E-Mobility Hydrogen for Steel Industry Hydrogen for Mobility (Fuel Cell) Innovation Hydrogen Economy? Pumped Hydro Storage Natural Gas Storage (CH 4 ) Hydrogen for Refineries, Chemical Industry as Feedstock Hydrogen for Heat and Mobility (H 2 -Injection into NG Grid CH 4 ) Hydrogen for Power with CH 4 / without CH 4 Earlier or later? FCH JU Stakeholder Forum 2016.11.23 Source:
Sector coupling with Power-to-Gas 23 November 2016 Dr K. Peter Röttgen FCH JU Stakeholder Forum Brussels, Belgium EASE President Vice President Market interface management, Uniper Innovation
Backup
Green Hydrogen from Power-to-Gas can directly lead to significant Greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions Hydrogen (H 2 ) GHG-Emissions CO 2 reduction total for a 20 MW PtG-installation Land Use 6 104.3 GHG values in gco 2-eq. /MJ SMR² 20 MW PtG 4 762,000 Land use in ha -91% GHG emissions 280,000 9.1 6 31.527 tco 2 ³ 2.751 tco 2 ³ 4 H 2 from SMR² H 2 from PtG 4 [FQD] 1 [FQD] 1 H 2 from PtG 4 [estimated for PEM 5 ] 28.776 tco 2 reduction per year Bioethanol 7 Biodiesel 8 H 2 from PtG 4 GHG count for Green Hydrogen is reduced by 91% compared to hydrogen produced via SMR² out of natural gas. 28.776 tons of CO 2 will be reduced by using a 20 MW Power-to-Gas electrolysis. Green Hydrogen requires significantly less land than other biofuels. 1 Default value of the life cycle GHG intensity according to Annex I of Council Directive COM (2014) 617 [FQD]. 2 Steam Methane Reforming - Conventional production process for hydrogen out of natural gas. ³ Total emission for the production of 3,43 Mio. Nm³H 2 per year. That equates the amount of hydrogen produces with a 20 MW Power-to-Gas installation at 80% availability per year. CO 2 default value according to Annex I of the Council Directive COM (2014) 617 [FQD]. 4 Power-to-Gas. 5 Proton Exchange Membrane. 6 Required surface for the production of 0.5 % of final energy consumption of German road transport (= 3.09 x 10 6 MWh) 7 average of absolute land use of sugar beets, wheat and corn basis respectively: sugar beets basis 40 GJ/ha = 11.1 MWh/ha, wheat basis 8.8 GJ / ha = 2.44 MWh / ha, corn basis 15 GJ / ha = 4.17 MWh / ha 8 on raps basis: 1000 kg/ha with 40 MJ/kg = 40 GJ/ha = 11.1 MWh/ha; 5 GHG = Green House Gas Emissions
Power-to-Gas for Refineries Today Oil Tomorrow Fossil Energy Natural Gas CH 4 Renewable Energy H 2 Hydro- gen Refinery Hydro- gen Green Hydrogen H 2 CH4 H 2 Natural Gas Power Fossil Energy Renewable Energy Bio- mass Ethanol Ethanol E5 / E10 Certificate Product Certificate Storage effect = Integration of Renewable Energies
Green Hydrogen for refineries can open doors to hydrogen economy 1 Cost efficient rollout Green Hydrogen for refineries Reduce emissions and provide flexibility for the electricity grid No need for infrastructural investments Cost reductions for electrolyzers Efficiency improvements Kick-start for a Power-to-Gas industry in the EU 2 Spill-over to other applications Green Hydrogen for industries Substantial emission reductions Limited infrastructure changes Green Hydrogen mobility Scaling up hydrogen mobility (fueling stations, cars, trains) Alternative to battery vehicles 3 Industrialization new economy emerges Green Hydrogen economy Utilization of natural gas infrastructure directly or after methanation Re-electrification makes from PtG a flexible back-up for Renewables Development of hydrogen infrastructure in form of grids and storage 2018 2025 2050? Usage of PtG in refinery process will accelerate technology development, reduce cost and enable deployment in other industries and in transport