ICAO ICAO Colloquium Colloquium on Aviation Aviation and and Climate Climate Change Change ICAO Technology Goals Process for Aviation Environmental Protection Ebad Jahangir, Ph.D. Environment Officer International Civil Aviation Organization 12 May 2010
Agenda ICAO Goals for Environment Technology Standards Technology and Operations Goals 2
ICAO Strategic Objective for Environment Minimize the adverse effect of global civil aviation on the environment 3
ICAO Environmental Goals Limit or reduce the impact of aviation GHG emissions on global climate Limit or reduce the number of people affected by significant aircraft noise Limit or reduce the impact of aviation emissions on local air quality Quantify and Mitigate 4
Standards Goals Establishing Technology Standards 5
Technology Standards 6
ICAO Technology Standards for NOx CAEP/8 Ref: Independent Experts NOx Review and the Establishment of Medium and Long Term Technology Goals for NOx (ICAO Doc 9887), 2006. CAEP/8 Standard line superimposed. 7
ICAO Technology Standards for Noise Cum mulative Cumulative Noi noise ise level Level (EPNdB) (E EPNdB) 320 310 300 290 280 270 260 250 Cumulative Noise Levels of Best Practice Aeroplanes Cumulative noise level vs MTOW 2,3 and 4-engine aircraft (2, 3 and 4 Engine Aeroplanes) Sum Chp4 4 eng Sum Chp3 4 eng Sum Chp4 3 eng Sum Chp3 3 eng Sum Chp4 2 eng Sum Chp3 2 eng 4-Eng Chapter 3 3-Eng Chapter 3 2-Eng Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 240 1000 10000 100000 1000000 [kg] MTOM (kg) Ref: Review and Analysis of Certification Noise Levels for Subsonic Jet and Heavy Propeller Aeroplanes. CAEP/8 WP/33 8
Standards Goals Establishing Goals 9
Technology and Operations Goals 10
Goals Setting in CAEP NOx Reduction Technologies (2006, 2009) Noise Reduction Technologies (2008) Environmental Benefits from Operational Initiatives (2010) Fuel Burn Reduction Technologies (2010) 11
Goals Setting in CAEP Independent Experts Panels Broad representation Common Assumptions Baselines Manageable number Aircraft Categories Independent Realization Factors 12
Technology and Operations Goals Balance environmental benefit with technological feasibility, economic viability, and do not adversely impact other environmental factors Provide stretch targets for industry R&D to aim at in cooperation with States Purpos se ciples Prin Use the same metric as certification to enable direct comparison Technology Goals based on Current TRL < 8 technologies that will be TRL>8 at a given time Technology availability with at least one manufacturer Technology availability specific to the seat class considered 13
ICAO Technology Goals for NOx Mid Term (2016) 45% ±2.5% below CAEP/6 @ OPR 30 Long Term (2026) 60% ±5.0% below CAEP/6 @ OPR 30 Ref: Independent Experts NOx Review and the Establishment of Medium and Long Term Technology Goals for NOx (ICAO Doc 9887), 2006 14
ICAO Technology Goals for Noise Cumulative EPNL re: Chapter 4 Limits at TRL8 Aircraft Category Mid Term (2018) Long Term (2028) Regional Jet 13.0±4.6 20.0±5.5 Twin 21.0±4.6 23.5±5.5 Long Range Twin 20.5±4.6 23.0±5.5 Long Range Quad 21.0±4.6 23.5±5.5 Medium Term (2018) Cumulative Noise Goals Long Term (2028) Cumulative Noise Goals 310 Chapter 4 Limit LR4 310 Chapter 4 Limit LR4 Cumulative Noise Lev vel, EPNdB 300 290 280 270 260 Mid-Term Goal Mid-term Upper Bound Mid-term Lower Bound RJ SMR2 LR2 Cumulative Noise Lev vel, EPNdB 300 290 280 270 260 Long-Term Goal Long-Term Upper Bound Long-Term Lower Bound RJ SMR2 LR2 250 250 240 10 100 1000 Max. Takeoff Mass (Tonnes) Ref: Independent Experts Noise Review and the Establishment of Medium and Long Term Technology Goals for Noise, 2010 240 10 100 1000 Max. Takeoff Mass (Tonnes) 15
ICAO Technology Goals for Fuel Burn Fuel Burn Reduction Technology Workshop (25 to 26 March 2009) Survey of stakeholders khld in Review (25 27 ordering new May 2010) aircraft Report establishing Goals (2011) A wish for more fuel efficient efficient aircraft versions seems to be overtaking the traditional emphasis of keeping maximum commonality across fleets Concern about likely increased costs of new technology and possible changes in infrastructure 16
Independent Expert Led Reviews for Technologies Operational Initiatives The global civil ATM system goal is to achieve an average of 95% operational efficiency by 2026* Agreement to continue this effort during the CAEP/9 * The goal has a lot of caveats associated with it and should not be used in isolation 17
ICAO Environmental Policy Framework Climate Change, Local Air Quality, Noise ICAO Environmental Goals (International Aviation) Status, Projections and Trends Technology and Operations Goals Global Harmonization through Standards and Recommended Practices Goals & Standards Quantify & Mitigate 18
QUESTIONS? 19