A MODEL FOR THE NATION: Georgia s Statewide Water Loss Management Program Presented by Steve Cavanaugh, P.E. Cavanaugh & Associates, P.A. NYAWWA 2015 Saratoga Springs, NY
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Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Fire Dept Usage Operational Flushing Tools for control include efficient flushing practices and awareness campaigns Management of NRW Own Sources Water Imported ( allow for known errors ) Water Exported Water Supplied Billed Authorized Consumption Non-physical / revenue loss - slow meters, billing issues and theft Authorized Cost impacts at retail Consumption rate. Tools Total for control include data management, System quality Input control policies/practices, & meter testing & repair Unbilled Authorized Consumption Physical loss - leakage Cost impacts at wholesale rate Tools for control include Water leakage and Losses pressure management Apparent Losses Real Losses Revenue Water Non- Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Unauthorized Consumption Customer Metering Inaccuracies Systematic Data Handling Errors Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines Leakage & Overflows at Storage
Quiz According to the AWWA M36 Water Audit Method, an acceptable level of Unaccounted For Water is: A.15% B. 10% C. 5% D.0%
MGD 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 Water Loss as a Percentage of Supply is not an Indicator of Performance Water Supplied (MGD) Authorized Consumption (MGD) Water Loss (MGD) Water Loss (Percent of Supply) 28% 26% 24% 22% 20% 18% 16% 14% 5 12% 0 10% 7
Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Drivers that Compel Change
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Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Timeline 2008-2010 Severe Drought in Georgia Water Stewardship Act of 2010 requires annual water loss audits March 2012 Large water systems submit first AWWA water loss audit 2012-13 State hires experts to provide free 10- month training to small utilities on water auditing; small systems submit their first audits (Phase 1) Early 2013 State commissions 3 rd party validation for all audits (large and small systems) Late 2013 State provides free Phase 2 technical assistance to small utilities for water loss field work (Phase 2)
Large >10,000 population Small 3300-10,000 population 108 118 17
AWWA Free Water Audit Software AWWA Free Water Audit Software: Reporting Worksheet WAS v5.0 American Water Works Association. Copyright 2014, All Rights Reserved.? Click to access definition + Click to add a comment Water Audit Report for: Northern San Leandro Combined Water Sewer Storm Utility District (0007900) Reporting Year: 2013 1/2013-12/2013 Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the input data by grading each component (n/a or 1-10) using the drop-down list to the left of the input cell. Hover the mouse over the cell to obtain a description of the grades All volumes to be entered as: MILLION GALLONS (US) PER YEAR To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where the utility meets or exceeds all criteria for that grade and all grades below it. Master Meter Error Adjustments WATER SUPPLIED <----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ----------> Pcnt: Value: Volume from own sources: +? 5 1,000.000 MG/Yr +? 1 100.000 MG/Yr Water imported: +? MG/Yr +? 100.000 MG/Yr Water exported: +? 1 100.000 MG/Yr +? 9 25.000 MG/Yr Enter negative % or value for under-registration WATER SUPPLIED: 825.000 MG/Yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration. AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION Click here:? Billed metered: +? 8 700.000 MG/Yr for help using option Billed unmetered: +? 9 50.000 MG/Yr buttons below Unbilled metered: +? MG/Yr Pcnt: Value: Unbilled unmetered: +? 9 10.313 MG/Yr 1.25% 24061 1.000 MG/Yr Default option selected for Unbilled unmetered - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:? 760.313 MG/Yr Use buttons to select percentage of water supplied OR WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption) 64.688 MG/Yr value Apparent Losses Pcnt: Value: Unauthorized consumption: +? 10 3.000 MG/Yr 0.25% 3.000 MG/Yr Customer metering inaccuracies: +? 5 7.071 MG/Yr 1.00% MG/Yr Systematic data handling errors: +? 4 5.000 MG/Yr 0.25% 5.000 MG/Yr Apparent Losses: Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL) Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses: WATER LOSSES: NON-REVENUE WATER NON-REVENUE WATER: = Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered SYSTEM DATA Unauthorized consumption volume entered is greater than the recommended default value 15.071 MG/Yr 49.617 MG/Yr 64.688 MG/Yr 75.000 MG/Yr Length of mains: +? 7 100.0 miles Number of active AND inactive service connections: +? 6 1,000 Service connection density:? 10 conn./mile main??? Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line? Yes (length of service line, beyond the property Average length of customer service line: +? ft boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility) Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied Average operating pressure: +? 6 60.0 psi Industry Standard (M36) Free Defaults provided ~10 Volume Inputs ~7 System Data Inputs COST DATA Total annual cost of operating water system: +? 5 $1,000,000 $/Year Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses): +? 7 $3.50 $/1000 gallons (US) Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses): +? 7 $3,000.00 $/Million gallons Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses awwa.org/waterlosscontrol
Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Water Audit Training Phase 1 Program Overview Kickoff Webinar& Workshop Round 1: Fundamentals Homewor k Step 1: Practice Audit Workshop Round 2: Reinforcem ent & Next Steps Homework Step 2: Launch Data Protocols & Monthly Team Meetings Workshop Round 3: Reinforcement & Continuous Improvement Homewor k Step 3: Final Validation with Trainers: Program Completio n Submittal of Validated 2012 Audit JUN 2012 JULY 2012 AUG 2012 SEPT - DEC 2012 JAN - FEB 2013 FEB 2013 MARCH 2013 21
Small System Water Loss Audit Training Phase I 22
Utility Feedback: Discoveries Massive amounts of unbilled usage Found accounts being metered and billed in different units (gallons vs. CCF) Discovered production numbers were significantly off, even though they were calibrating the production meters Water meters are our cash registers and our cash registers need to be functioning properly
Utility Feedback: Some of the Biggest Surprises Performing the audit was easier than we originally thought. Apparent vs Real Loss - didn't realize how much could be lost through faulty meters. Amount of money we do not collect Impact of water loss on finances The more money/water will find, the less we may need to borrow for capital projects
Utility Feedback: Common Themes We should have been doing this all along We got it over time
Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
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Pre-Validation Post-Validation Change N Average Range Average Range Volume from own sources 78 7.3 1-10 4.5 2-10 (2.8) Master meter error adjustment 76 5.4 1-10 2.9 1-9 (2.5) Water imported 34 7.9 3-10 5.1 2-9 (2.7) Water exported 22 7.7 2-10 5.0 3-9 (2.6) Billed metered 91 7.4 3-10 5.6 2-10 (1.8) Billed unmetered 22 8.2 4-10 5.4 1-10 (2.9) Unbilled metered 64 6.7 1-10 5.3 1-10 (1.4) Unbilled unmetered 92 5.4 2-10 4.9 0-9 (0.6) Unauthorized consumption 92 5.1 2-9 5.1 5-10 (0.0) Customer metering inaccuracies 91 6.1 2-10 3.9 1-9 (2.1) Systematic data-handling errors 92 5.9 2-10 5.1 4-9 (0.7) Length of mains 90 6.6 1-10 4.7 1-10 (1.8) # of active + inactive service connections 90 6.3 1-10 5.5 1-10 (0.8) Average length of customer service line 92 8.5 2-10 9.5 2-10 1.0 Average operating pressure 91 5.4 1-10 4.3 1-10 (1.1) Annual cost of operating water system 90 7.9 1-10 7.2 1-10 (0.7) Customer retail unit cost 91 7.4 1-10 6.0 2-10 (1.4) Variable production cost 90 7.2 2-10 5.7 1-10 (1.5) Water Audit Data Validity Score 92 68.8 39-94 52.1 8-77 (16.7) 28
Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Small System Water Loss Technical Assistance Phase II 51 Projects
Small Water Systems Technical Assistance Leak Detection Utility # Utility Total Miles of Main in the system Actual Miles Surveyed # of Leaks Found Total Estimated Leak Water Loss (gpm) Leak Type 1 Butler 44 30 3 21 fire hydrant 2 Byron 50 30 2 4 valve; service (svc) connection 3 Cochran 62 29 2 7 fire hydrant 4 Vienna 77 25 2 7 fire hydrant; valve 4 Clayton 153 30 12 46 hydrant; main; svc; meter; valve 5 Commerce 125 30 8 38 hydrant; main; meter; svc connect 5 McRae 43 28 1 3 fire hydrant 6 Towns County 400 60 6 21.5 hydrant; svc connection 6 Sylvester 76 30 6 28 fire hydrant; svc connection; main 7 Washington 115 30 5 28 blow-off; hydrant; svc connection 7 Adel 74 30 4 14 fire hydrant; svc connection 8 Cave Spring 87 30 7 35 hydrant; svc connection 8 Swainsboro 96 30 10 42 fire hydrant; svc connection; main 9 Heard County 400 60 7 23 svc connection 9 Rincon 65 30 3 10 fire hydrant; svc connection; main 10 Madison 84 30 9 35 hydrant; main; meter; svc connect 10 Walthourville 30 27 1 3 fire hydrant 11 Savannah 54 22 2 4 fire hydrant; svc connection Utility # Utility Total Miles of Main in the system Actual Miles Surveyed # of Leaks Found Total Estimated Leak Water Loss (gpm) Leak Type 1 Blue Ridge 100 30 3 21 main; svc connection; meter 2 Clarkesville 50 30 4 22 main; svc connection; meter; valve 3 Cornelia 47 30 11 70 hydrant; main; svc; meter; valve 11 Palmetto 35 30 5 16 hydrant; svc connection 12 Tallapoosa 40 30 5 13 main; valve; svc connection Total: 671 311 36 143 Total: 1,636 420 82 369
Phase II Technical Assistance Customer Meter Testing (CMT) Customer Meter Testing UNTESTABLE 6% 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 CMT Global Statistics Summary Displacement Compound/Fireline/Ultrasonic 91 66 44 47 40 16 6 4 total # meters Pass Fail N/A FAIL 40% PASS 54%
Phase II Technical Assistance Finished Water Meter Testing 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 FWMFV Global Statistics Summary total # meters 39 7 Pass Fail Inconclusive total # meters not tested 19 2 11 Finished Water Meter Flow Verification PASS UNTESTABLE 18% 33% FAIL 49%
Small Water Systems Technical Assistance Phase II Project Summary Production costs include chemical and energy costs often times these are forgotten
Small Water Systems Technical Assistance Phase IIA Project Summary Number of Participating Water Systems Number of Finished Water Meters tested Finished Water Meter Flow Verification Number of meters passing within AWWA accuracy limits Average underregistration inaccuracy for meters not passing within AWWA accuracy limits (%) Average over-registration inaccuracy for meters not passing within AWWA accuracy limits (%) 29 73 15 20% 15% Number of Participating Water Systems Number of Customer Meters tested Customer Meter Testing Number of meters passing within AWWA accuracy limits Average underregistration inaccuracy for meters not passing within AWWA accuracy limits (%) Annual Revenue Impact ($) 25 143 83 18% 50,700 Pilot Leak Detection Number of Participating Water Systems Number of miles of distribution line surveyed Number of leaks found Annual leakage volume found (Mgal) Annual Cost Impact ($) 45 1420 329 799 492,488
Training Drivers Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
Planned Use of Water Audit Results 37
Planned Use of Water Audit Results 38
Georgia s water loss initiatives are gaining national attention
Funding Sources for the Statewide Water Loss Management Program 40
Statewide Water Loss Management Program Model Implementation Phase 1 Establish Annual M36 Water Auditing Phase 2 Phase 3 Achieve Minimum Standard of Audit Reliability Manage Water Loss Performance for Long- Term Reduction Requirement Outreach Training & Tech Asst Implement established requirement for annual M36 Water Audits Educate Regulatory Community on M36 Method and appropriate use of performance indicators Establish Statewide Water Loss Control Committee Develop State Manual and Training Framework Provide extended, progressive training to utilities (funded) Data Management Validation Certification Develop and implement data management system Establish posting system and communication protocols Establish minimum standards of validation for quality assurance Determine by Agency or 3 rd Party Establish validation program until certification program is in place Design and implement a Certified Water Audit program for sustained quality control Statewide Water Loss Control Committee administers certification of individuals Benchmarking Compliance Suite of Performance and Process Measures System specific improvement over time in a cost-effective manner No universal targets Excessive thresholds established Annual audit submission threshold exceedances System specific progress review at permit renewals and extensions Statewide Data Validity Statewide Water Loss 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 3 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Year 6 Year 7 Resource Management Grade C Resource Management Grade B Resource Management Grade A 41
#1 #2 Drivers Training Auditing Requirement Technical Assistance Validation Planned Use of Audits
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