Enhancing TSMO Capabilities and Resilience to Address Long-Term Weather and Climate Trends Paul Pisano (FHWA) Doug Pape (Battelle) Hunter McCracken (Battelle) NOCoE Webinar June 7, 2018 1
Today s Presenters Paul Pisano Team Leader Road Weather and Work Zone Management FHWA Office of Operations Doug Pape and Hunter McCracken Transportation Researchers Battelle 2
Today s Topics Overview of FHWA Resilience Initiatives Introduction to the Capability Maturity Frameworks (CMFs) Extreme Weather and Operations Overlays for the CMFs Upcoming Report from FHWA 3
FHWA Resilience Initiatives 4
FHWA Office of Operations Road Weather Management The FHWA Road Weather Management Program develops and helps deploy solutions and strategies that enable agencies to better manage road systems and minimize the impacts of adverse road weather conditions The solutions and strategies focus on all types of weather and all degrees of severity (from light to extreme) Weather- Responsive Traffic Management Connected & Automated Vehicles (Pikalert, Integrating Mobile Observations) Maintenance Decision Support Systems Pathfinder Integrated Modeling for Road Condition Prediction 5
FHWA Office of Operations Organizing and Planning for Operations The FHWA Organizing and Planning for Operations Program works to make transportation systems management and operations (TSMO) a central part of an agency s mission and institutional structure The Program oversaw the development of six Capability Maturity Frameworks (CMF) that focus on improvement actions for specific TSMO program areas: Road Weather Management Planned Special Events Traffic Incident Management Traffic Management Traffic Signal Management Work Zone Management This project looks at the overlap of these two programs 6
FHWA & Resilience All of this work complements the extensive efforts of the Office of Planning, Environment & Realty (https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/sustainability/resilience/) 7
Currently Available Resources 8
Introduction to the Capability Maturity Frameworks 9
Operations CMF Foundation SHRP2 L06 Study Examined the way agencies should be organized to successfully execute operations programs to improve travel time reliability Developed a version of Capability Maturity Model (CMM) for highway operations and, in turn, travel time reliability AASHTO Supported the conversion of the SHRP2 L06 CMM research into a web-based tool that would be user friendly, easy to access, and updatable. 10
Operations CMF Process Process Improvement Areas Capability Levels Dimensions or Process Area Business Process Systems & Technology Performance Measurement Workforce Culture Collaboration What is it? Level 1 Ad-Hoc. Low Level of Capability Plans, Programs, Budgets Approach to building systems Use of performance measures Improving capability of workforce Changing culture and building champions Improving working relationships Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Optimized. High level of capability Statement of...... capability Step 1. Self-...... Step.. 2. Identify Assessment areas of Work with your improvement and stakeholders to.... assess where you.. the.. desired levels of capability to are in terms of the improve program capabilities in effectiveness each area.................. Step 3. Identify actions.. that you need.... to take to move to the desired levels of capability 11
CMF Outcomes Jumpstarts the improvement process Focuses on immediate weaknesses Helps prioritize key organizational changes that can have major impact Provides justification for actions Actions are based on sound rationale and a consistent assessment of capability Improves consistency and collaboration 12
CMF Benefits More focused actions Bottom-up improvement in capability Engagement of program-specific stakeholders 13
Sample CMF Questions Dimension Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Organization and Workforce Collaboration Question What is the current level capability to influence and control traffic and travel behavior on facilities in the area? What is the level of availability of road weather information through the existing systems and technology? How does the agency report road weather performance to the public? How willing is the agency and its partner agencies to make decisions based on proactive measures? How are staffing resources allocated for road weather? What level of collaboration exists with the media and the public? 14
CMF Purpose Improve transportation system operations and reliability by enhancing agency capabilities Success not just about operational strategies, but also the agency capabilities Provide a structured approach and user-friendly tool for agencies to evaluate their Operations programs Provide agencies with a starting point for identifying priority areas to strengthen Facilitate a continual improvement process via reassessment 15
CMF Dimensions Business Processes Organization & Workforce Systems & Technology Culture Performance Measurement Collaboration 16
CMF Dimensions Business Processes Formal scoping, planning, programming, and budgeting Systems & Technology Use of systems engineering, systems architecture standards, interoperability, and standardization Performance Measurement Measures definition, data acquisition, and utilization 17
CMF Dimensions (Cont d) Culture Technical understanding, leadership, outreach, and program legal authority Organization & Workforce Programmatic status, organizational structure, staff development, and recruitment and retention Collaboration Relationships with public safety agencies, local governments, MPOs, and the private sector 18
Contents of Framework Dimension Sub Dimension Sub Dimension Sub Dimension Sub Dimension Question Question Question Question Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Attributes Attributes Attributes Attributes Action Items for Capability Improvement 19
Example (from TM CMF) Question: What collaboration exists with meteorologists? Goal Performed LEVEL 1 None. Rely on the National Weather Service Managed LEVEL 2 Expanding work with NWS field offices Integrated LEVEL 3 Routine coordination with NWS and private sources Optimized LEVEL 4 In-house expertise for road weather forecasts Extreme Weather Overlay Climatologists are consulted as well. 20
Frameworks are available for: Road Weather Management Planned Special Events Traffic Incident Management Traffic Management Traffic Signal Management Work Zone Management http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/tsmoframeworktool/cmf_overview.htm 21
Traffic Incident Management CMF Are TIM needs (e.g. equipment, training, etc.) collectively assessed, reviewed, and action upon on a routine basis? Do you have a formal TIM program that is supported by a multidiscipline, multi-agency team or task force, which meets regularly to discuss and plan for TIM activities? Use this framework if: Looking for ways to improve TIM institutional capability in the region TIM SA results have shown a plateauing of scores across the various dimensions 22
Planned Special Events CMF Have the appropriate partners including the event or venue managers been included in the planning for events? How does your agency train and keep capable staff including those at the TMC to manage these events behind the scenes? Use this framework if: You are considering improving existing planned special events planning activities and protocols Your region has upcoming planned special events that are expected to have significant impacts on the traveling public 23
Work Zone Management CMF How well does your agency coordinate between multiple projects in a corridor? Does you agency quantify work zone performance? Use this framework if: Your agency has significant upcoming reconstruction and maintenance activity Considering implementing Work Zone ITS technology within your agency You are in the middle of updating your state's process review for Work Zones Your agency is working on a plan to improve work zone safety and mobility 24
Road Weather Management CMF Do you have the types of road weather information you need through existing systems and technology? Does coordination between maintenance, TMC operations, and other management and operations unit work well? Use this framework if: You are considering any road weather management deployments such as advanced traffic management technologies and strategies, or implementing maintenance decision support systems You are considering improving the availability and utilization of weather information in the management decision-making process 25
Traffic Signal Management CMF Do you have a sustained budget for traffic signal operations and upgrades? Do you have performance measures to help make the case for those investments? Use this framework if: You are considering updating your traffic signal management program You are considering major updates to your signal system 26
Traffic Management CMF How are traffic management capital improvement projects funded at your agency? How does your agency utilize ITS regional architectures for traffic-management related projects? Use this framework if: You are considering Integrated Corridor Management (ICM) or Active Transportation and Demand Management (ATDM) applications in your region You are changing or reviewing Traffic Management Center (TMC) operations and performance 27
Levels of Capability Agencies can customize and prioritize actions as part of their planning Level 4: Optimized Level 3: Mainstreamed Level 2: Recognized Level 1: Ad Hoc 28
Levels of Capability Level 1 Ad Hoc Very little effort made to predict, plan for, and manage expected and actual impacts. Level 2 Recognized Basic agency policies and procedures exist for managing impacts, but application across the organization is uneven and not well understood. 29
Levels of Capability Level 3 Mainstreamed Policies and procedures to predict, plan for, and manage impacts are integrated and diligently applied throughout organization; effectiveness of policies/procedures is unknown. Level 4 Optimized Effectiveness of integrated policies and procedures to predict, plan for, and manage impacts are regularly reviewed and critiqued, and improved upon where possible. 30
Extreme Weather and Operations 31
Extreme Weather and Its Effect on Transportation Increase in very hot days Pavement softens and buckles Leads to Reduced speeds and roadway capacity Truck restrictions Work zone management 32
Extreme Weather and Its Effect on Transportation Rising sea level Flooding Erosion Leads to Road closures Effort to monitor and proactively manage flooding 33
Extreme Weather and Its Effect on Transportation Intense rainfall more frequently Increase in crashes due to poor visibility Localized Flooding Erosion and scouring Leads to Incident management Effort to monitor and proactively manage flooding More maintenance 34
Different Effects in Different Regions 35
What is Resilience? The ability to anticipate, prepare for, and adapt to changing conditions i.e. Extreme Weather and Climate..and withstand, respond to, and recover rapidly from disruptions FHWA Order 5520 (2014) 36
Impact What s the link to resilience? Impacts: Scale Versus Frequency 7 8 9 10 4 5 6 Complete Failure Results in total loss or ruin of asset. Asset may be available for limited use after at least 60 days and would require major repair or rebuild over an extended period of time. Complete Complete and/or catastrophic failure typically involves: Immediate road closure Travel disruptions Vehicles forced Failure to reroute to other roads Reduced commerce in affected areas Reduced or eliminated access to some destinations May sever some utilities. May damage drainage conveyance or storage systems. Temporary Operational Failure Results in minor damage and/or disruption to asset. Asset would be available with either full or limited use within 60 days. Temporary Temporary operational failure typically involves: Operational Temporary road closure, hours to weeks Reduced access to destinations served by the asset Stranded vehicles Failure Possible temporary utility failures. 1 2 3 Reduced Capacity Results in little or negligible impact to asset. Asset would be available with full use within 10 days and has immediate limited use still available. Reduced Reduced capacity typically involves: Capacity Less convenient travel Occasional/brief lane closures, but roads remain open Some vehicles may move to alternate routes. 37
Using the CMFs to Prepare for the Future 38
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Organization and Workforce Collaboration 39
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Plan for resilience Consider climate when estimating benefits Culture Organization and Workforce Collaboration 40
Business Processes (RWM CMF) Question: What is the current level of capability to influence and control traffic and travel behavior on facilities in the area? Performed LEVEL 1 Static signs. Can close roads if needed. Managed LEVEL 2 Can warn of ice in critical spots. Loosely defined criteria to do so. Integrated LEVEL 3 Clearly defined roles to set variable speed limits. Optimized LEVEL 4 Automated weatherresponsive traffic control. Extreme Weather Overlay Weather response plans are reviewed periodically to reflect increases in extreme weather severity or are adaptable to accommodate above-average extreme conditions. 41
Business Processes (WZM CMF) Question: How does your agency develop, implement, and evaluate transportation management plans (TMPs)? Optimized LEVEL 4 Performed LEVEL 1 Superficially; limited direction to meet WZM needs Managed LEVEL 2 For big projects Integrated LEVEL 3 For all projects and throughout the agency Outcomes are evaluated to guide improvement Extreme Weather Overlay The agency's TMPs and TMP development process has been altered to reflect changing weather and weather related impacts to construction and traffic. 42
Business Processes (TM CMF) Question: How is traffic management planning performed in your agency? Performed LEVEL 1 Project-oriented to solve immediate problems at particular spots Managed LEVEL 2 Plan on a corridor perspective Integrated LEVEL 3 Metropolitan level with limited statewide coordination Optimized LEVEL 4 Links at all levels, performancebased objectives Extreme Weather Overlay Traffic management planning is based on vulnerability assessments that take extreme weather events into account 43
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Organization and Workforce Know where your snowplows are Build for extreme weather Follow developments in connected vehicles Collaboration 44
Systems & Technology (TSS CMF) Question: What type of system capabilities does your agency have to maintain continuity of service and reliable operations? Performed LEVEL 1 We repair when called. Records are on paper. Managed LEVEL 2 Critical locations kept in good repair. Inventory in a spreadsheet. Integrated LEVEL 3 Corridors kept in good repair. Work orders tracked electronically Optimized LEVEL 4 Operations, maintenance, timing, and performance are linked. Extreme Weather Overlay Existing malfunction detection systems are able to detect malfunctions due to extreme weather and continuity of service can be reestablished under severe weather conditions. 45
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Look backward at trends in your own data Look forward at climate predictions Organization and Workforce Collaboration 46
Performance Measurement (TSS CMF) Question: To what extent has your agency defined how performance will be measured and compared to agency goals and objectives? Performed LEVEL 1 Only in special studies Managed LEVEL 2 Before and after projects Integrated LEVEL 3 At regular intervals to identify trends Optimized LEVEL 4 Ongoing assessment of defined measures Extreme Weather Overlay Uptime and downtime during extreme weather events are measured 47
Performance Measurement (TSS CMF) Question: How does your agency utilize performance measures to identify and quantify the need for operational improvements? Performed LEVEL 1 Occasionally Managed LEVEL 2 Periodic field observations used for planning Integrated LEVEL 3 Historical and realtime data used for operations and planning Optimized LEVEL 4 Continuous monitoring feeds automated decisions Extreme Weather Overlay The agency is able to determine downtime that can be attributed to extreme weather events and target these most vulnerable systems for resiliency upgrades. 48
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Be risk averse rather than change averse Old-timers tell newbies about the big one Organization and Workforce Collaboration 49
Culture (RWM CMF) Question: How does the agency deal with professional capacity building for road weather? Performed LEVEL 1 Primarily through peer exchanges at the operator level Managed LEVEL 2 PCB for specific maintenance functions Integrated LEVEL 3 Formal and ongoing training at all levels Optimized LEVEL 4 Structured certifications for current and new staff Extreme Weather Overlay Training for events of increased severity and increased frequency is offered. Training for events not typically experienced in a region is offered due to evolving weather patterns. Lessons of prior rare events are systematically communicated to incoming staff and refreshed with continuing staff at all levels of the agency. 50
Culture (TIM CMF) Question: Are there pre-planned detour and/or alternate routes identified and shared between TIM stakeholders? Performed LEVEL 1 No. We plan on the scene. Managed LEVEL 2 Some alternate routes for major corridors. They are shared poorly. Integrated LEVEL 3 Pre-planned routes for major corridors. Basic guides have been established. Optimized LEVEL 4 Comprehensive guides distributed to all stakeholders. Updated regularly. Extreme Weather Overlay Route planning accounts for the possibility of roads closed due to extreme weather events. A network analysis has been completed in consultation with climatologists and climate modelers to identify shifting or emerging hot spots for incidents. 51
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Resilience involves all levels of the organization Performance Measurement Culture Organization and Workforce Collaboration 52
Organization & Workforce (RWM CMF) Question: What is the perception of road weather management in your agency? Performed LEVEL 1 It s maintenance. Clear the snow and provide safety. Managed LEVEL 2 Level of service is considered. Integrated LEVEL 3 Performance during weather is understood at all levels. Optimized LEVEL 4 Cost efficiency, environmental stewardship are considered, too. Extreme Weather Overlay Accomplishment of objectives is judged in light of past long-term trends in weather. Objectives for the future account for predicted long-term trends. 53
Organization & Workforce (TM CMF) Question: What capabilities with respect to staffing are available to support traffic management? Performed LEVEL 1 Enough to monitor and respond to incidents Managed LEVEL 2 Day-to-day traffic control and traveler information Integrated LEVEL 3 Staff can manage the technology Optimized LEVEL 4 Decision support tools and automated control strategies Extreme Weather Overlay Agency has climate experts, meteorologists, and hydrologists on staff to predict and respond to extreme weather events. 54
Preparing for Extreme Weather How does your agency need to adapt in. Business Processes Systems and Technology Performance Measurement Culture Organization and Workforce Collaboration begins before the storm hits Other agencies within your state Your neighboring DOTs Collaboration 55
Collaboration (RWM CMF) Question: What level of collaboration exists with the weather community/meteorologists? Performed LEVEL 1 None; rely on the NWS Managed LEVEL 2 Expanding work with NWS field offices Integrated LEVEL 3 Routine coordination with NWS and private sources Optimized LEVEL 4 In-house expertise for road weather forecasts Extreme Weather Overlay Agency periodically consults with climatologists to predict long-term weather trends. Operations, planning, and design departments regularly coordinate and share information regarding changes in processes due to climate. 56
Collaboration Other agencies within your state Housing Health Recovery equipment Who gets first dibs on light towers? What happens when cellular comms jam? Corresponding agencies in neighboring states Alternate routes for closures Routes for evacuations Backup equipment and personnel Before the need arises! 57
Upcoming Report from FHWA 58
Coming Soon Conclusions organized like the Capability Maturity Frameworks Checklists on Operations Maintenance Emergency Management 59
Report Topics Climate prediction Vulnerability assessment Risk-based asset management Structured risk management Emergency exercises Collaboration Up-to-date maintenance AND an appendix with a resilience overlay for the CMFs 60
Questions? For More Information: Paul Pisano Team Leader Road Weather and Work Zone Management FHWA Office of Operations Paul.Pisano@dot.gov 202-366-1301 Roemer Alfelor Transportation Specialist Road Weather Management FHWA Office of Operations Roemer.Alfelor@dot.gov 202-366-9242 61