P.O. Box 123 Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya Email: fsauinfo@fsnau.org tel: 4--4 fax:4--4 FSNAU is managed by FAO The boundaries and names on these maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The regional & District boundaries reflect those endorsed by the Government of the Republic of Somalia in 1986. Market Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia April 18 Update (Issued May 24, 18) Highlights Inflation: SoSh (Somali shilling)-using areas: Consumer Index (CPI) declined mildly (by 1-7%) in April 18. Similarly, the CPI declined (by 11-%) annually due to decreases in cereal prices. SISh (Somaliland shilling)-using areas: The CPI remain relatively stable month-on-month in April 18 but increased (6%) year-on-year due to higher cereal prices this year. Exchange rate: SoSh-using areas: The exchange rates between SoSh and the United States Dollar (USD) remained relatively stable or changed at mild rates (+/- 3%) against USD in most regions of the country in April 18. Annual comparison indicates that SoSh is mildly gaining value in Central regions (8%); but mildly losing value (1-9%) in other SoSh areas. SISh-using areas: The SISh remained stable against the USD in April 18 while year-on-year comparison indicates high depreciation of 22 percent due to increased supply of newly printed local currency notes and a decline in the availability of USD due to reduced livestock exports and export revenue. Local cereal prices changed mildly (less than +/- %) in most regions of the country in April 18. Annual comparison indicates lower prices in most regions due to increased supply as a result of improved cereal production this year and improved Gu harvests. s of imported food (rice, sugar, vegetable oil, wheat flour) mostly exhibited relative stability or mild monthly changes (less than +/-%) in local currency terms in April 18 across the country. Similarly, compared to one year ago, prices exhibited mild changes in most regions of the country except Somaliland shilling (Northwest) areas where prices of most food imports increased (12-%) compared to a year ago due to depreciation of local currency against USD this year. Zeilac DJIBOUTI Bossaso Erigabo Awdal Sanag Borama Woq. Galbeed Bari Burao Tog-Wajaale Hargeisa Togdheer Sool Lasanod Garowe Nugal Galkayo Abudwaq Mudug Dusa Mareb Galgadud El Barde Belet Weyne Haradhere Bakol Dolo Hudur Hiran Aden Yabal El Der Luuq Belet Xawo Gedo Baidoa M. Shabelle El Waq Qansah Dere Monitored Market Jowhar Dinsor Bay Wanle Weyne Bardera Market Catchment Afgoye Qoryoley Banadir Central Merka L. Shabelle Juba Valley Buale Juba Hagar North East Doobley Jilib Afmadow North West Jamame Shabelle Valley Kismayo Sorghum belt Major Road Regional Boundary Livestock prices for local quality goat and camel mostly exhibited mild to moderate increases in most regions in April 18 due to improved body conditions attributable to increased availability of water and pasture. Compared to a year ago (April 17), most regions exhibited increases in goat and camel prices due to improved body conditions as a result of better rainfall performance this year which increased water availability and pasture and overall reduced livestock population ( less Suplly). Similarly, Milk prices (camel and cattle) mostly exhibited mild changes (less than +/- %) in most regions of the country in April 18. On the other hand, milk prices (mainly camel) increased from moderate to high levels when compared to last year in most regions of the country due to reduced milk supply because of low camel calving resulting from low conception in the past seasons. Labor (unskilled) wages changed mildly (by less than +/-%) in most regions of the country in April 18 except in Bakool region where wage rates decreased (by 34%) due to reduced labor opportunities attributable to heavy rains which has interrupted agricultural activities in the neighboring rural areas. Compared to a year ago (April 17), labor wages mostly exhibited Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia http://www.fsnau.org This Market Update is a monthly report that presents analysis of market information and is produced regularly as part of the monthly monitoring process. The weekly price data is collected from 46 main markets and rural markets throughout Somalia since 199. Market analysis is an integral part of all of FSNAU s annual food security projections and seasonal technical reports (Technical Reports on FSNAU Post Gu and Post Deyr Analysis). Detailed market data are available online on www. fsnau.org/ids. increases in most regions of the country due to improved agricultural labor opportunities as a result of improved rainfall performance this year. Exception is Bakool where wage rates declined by 26 percent compared to last year due to decreased labor opportunities from loading and offl-oading of humanitarian goods attributable to a decline in humanitarian assistance. (ToT) between daily labor wage and cereals remained relatively stable or changed mildly in most regions of the country in April 18. Annual comparison indicates higher ToT between daily labor and cereals in most regions due to increases labor wages and/or decrease in cereal prices. The ToT between local quality goat and cereals mostly exhibited mild changes (+/- 1-%) in most regions of the country month-on-month. Compared to a year ago (April 17), the ToT between goat and cereals were higher across the country due to increased goat prices and/or decrease in cereal prices. Siege-affected towns (Bulo-Burto, Wajid, Dinsor and Hudur) Labor (unskilled) wages in April 18 increased in Bulo-Burte (-3%) but decreased in Hudur (24-26%) and Wajid (24-4%) both compared to a month ago and last year due to decreased labor opportunities resulting from interruption of heavy rains. Labor wages in Dinsor remained relatively stable or changed mildly compare to one month ago and a year ago. (ToTs) between daily labor wage and cereals and between local quality goat and cereals either remained relatively stable or changed at mild rates month-onmonth in all the markets. Annual comparison indicates higher ToTs in these markets due to increase in goat prices, daily labor wage and/or decrease in cereal prices compared to year ago. Local grain (red and white sorghum) prices changed mildly month-on-month in April 18 in all the markets. Compared to a year ago, local grain prices have mostly decreased due to increased supply from improved Deyr 17 cereal production and humanitarian assistance distribution. s of imported food items (rice, sugar, vegetable oil, wheat flour) changed at mild rates (by less than +/-%) for most of the food imports in all siege affected markets in April 18. On the other hand, compared to a year ago, prices of most food imports either remained relatively stable or declined in these markets due to continued supply from humanitarian distribution.
National Trends: CPI, Exchange Rates, Cereal s and Relative Purchasing Power Table 1: ToT betwen Daily Wage Rate and Cereals by Region April 18 Regions April 18 (kg) March 18 kg change from April 17 April yrs. (13-17) Banadir/Mogadishu (White maize) 13 1 6-4 Bay (Red sorghum) 18 2 Bakool (Red sorghum) 3-1 -2 Gedo (Red sorghum) 12 2-3 Juba (White maize) 13 6 3 Shabelle (White maize) 9-1 3 1 Northwest (Imported Rice) 12-1 2 2 Northeast (Imported Rice) 8 Central (Imported Rice) 6 1 2 Figure 1: Wheat s: Mogadishu and Bossaso Markets per Kg 17, 1 14, 13, 11, 9, Bossaso Mogadishu April May June July August September October November December January February March April 17 18 Source: FSNAU Manfest Monitoring System Figure 2: Between Wage Rates and Selected Cereals Kg Cereal per Daily Wage Rate TOT to Sorghum (Sorghum Belt) TOT to Maize (Juba & Shabelle) TOT to Rice (NW) TOT to Rice (Central & NE) Figure 3: ly Exchange Rate for Selected Regions (SoSh and SlSh to USD) SoSh per US Dollar 3, 3,,, Baidoa(SoSh) Bosasso(SoSh) Galkayo(SoSh) Mogadishu(SoSh) Hargeisa(SlSh) 11, 9, 7, SlSh per US Dollar, CPI Figure 4: ly Trends in Consumer Index (CPI, March 7=) 4 3 3 CPI Central CPI North(Sosh) CPI North(SlSh) CPI South CPI somalia (SoShs) per Kg (SoSH) Figure : ly Trends in Local Cereal s 39, 3 33, 3, 27, 24, 21, 1 9, 3, Juba Valley(White Maize 1 kg) Shabelle Valley(White Maize 1 kg) NE (Red Sorghum 1 kg) SorghumBelt(Red Sorghum 1 kg) Central(Red Sorghum 1 kg) NW (White Sorghum 1 kg) 1 14, 4, 2, per Kg (SLSH) 2
Regional analysis: Juba Regions -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 24,48,7 21, 22,1 9,4 4% 7% -8% Imported Red Rice 1kg,9,7 16, 16,219 6,647 % 3% 4% Petrol 1 litre 26,4 23,63 23,313 23,938 9,88 3% 2% -9% Sugar 16,89 17,37 16,37 17,1 7,24 % -1% 1% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 3,823 29,281 2 29, 11,964 4% -1% -6% Wheat Flour 1kg,6,813,219,96 6,17 % 1% 2% Wheat Grain 1kg - - - - - - - - Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg 9,14 11,83 9,792 9,7 3,96 % -12% 7% White Maize 1kg 9,493 12,272 7,797 7,897 3,18 1% -36% -17% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head),,9,4,938 11,49,37 12,348,438,136,689 8% 19% 22% Cattle Local Quality (Head) 3,632,39 2,3,71 3,17, 3,39,83 1,472,3 11% 7% -3% Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 19,844 18,7,96 21,31 8,87 3% % 9% Goat Export Quality (Head) 1,38,4 1,97, 1,392,188 1,31,63 637, % 4% 13% Goat Local Quality (Head) 87,67 749,438 87,813 876,94 364,344 8% 17% 1% Charcoal kg 87,831 82,66 84,37 9, 39,419 13% % 8% Cowpeas 1 kg 23,362,87 26,94,,8-4% -1% 9% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 9,862 84,219 2, 99,37 41,239-3% 18% 9% Firewood Bundle 7,18,66 7,734 7,781 3,137 1% 38% 3% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 66,891 7,46,7 8, 24,23 % 2% -13% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD) 21,263 22, 23,97 24,63 9,9 % 9% 13% Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Maize(Kg) 7 13 13 - % 86% 3% Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Maize(Kg) 94 61 4 111-7% 82% 18% Indices Consumer Index - 269 243 24 - -1% -11% - Figure 6: Trends in Cereal s Figure 7: Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power 1, /Cereal TOT, 8, 6,, Figure 8: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure 9: Goat Local Quality 6,, Relative Purchasing power wage to cereal (Kg/daily Wage) per Unit (SoSh) Figure : Exchange Rate Figure 11: Water Drum ( litres) 3
Regional analysis: Sorghum Belt Regions (Bay, Bakool, Gedo and Hiran) -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 28,2 24,83,42 26,17,723 4% 6% -7% Imported Red Rice 1kg 18,3 19,8 18,87 19,846 8,6 % 3% 8% Petrol 1 litre 29,3 27,83 27,21 27,8 11,239 1% 1% -7% Sugar 19,7 22,188,63 21,367 8,788 6% -4% 8% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 38,46 37,42 3,87 3,98 14,88 % -3% -7% Wheat Flour 1kg 17,22 18,4 17,771 18,633 7,61 % 3% 6% Wheat Grain 1kg 16,88 19,231 18, 18,7 7,7 1% -3% 17% Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg 8,7 12,823 9,3 9,3 3,773 % -27% 13% White Maize 1kg 9,98 12,766,,336 4, 2% -19% 4% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) 12,21,613,163, 11,347, 11,82, 4,93,38 4% 17% -1% Cattle Local Quality (Head) 3,74,482 2,,37 2,7,143 3,7,87 1,271,928 22% % -14% Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre,283 27,932 29,636,,28-14% -9% 26% Goat Export Quality (Head) 1,46,967 1,3,682 1,44 1,47,682 611,684 2% 8% -% Goat Local Quality (Head) 9,146 677,292 847,188 98,1 377,668 7% 34% 1% Charcoal kg 1,287 3,29 17,227 184,977 76,848 6% 21% 22% Cowpeas 1 kg,6 3,327 33,63 32,9 13,86-2% -7% 31% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 97,346 93,438 9,167 9,792 37,668 -% -3% -7% Firewood Bundle 6,6 6,83,688,871 2,342 3% -3% -% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 73,86 79,167 82,361 83,944 34,8 2% 6% 14% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD) 21,93 23,819 23,73 23,647 9,737 % -1% % Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Rice (Kg) - % % % Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Rice (Kg) 49 3 4 46-2% 31% -6% Indices Consumer Index - 269 243 24 - -1% -11% - 3,,,, Figure 12: Trends in Cereal s Gedo Cereal (Red Sorghum) Bay Cereal (Red Sorghum) Bakool Cereal (Red Sorghum) Hiraan Cereal (White Sorghum) Figure 13:Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power 1 1,, 8, 6,, /Cereal TOT Relative Purchasing power wage to cereal (Kg/daily Wage) Figure 14: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure : Goat Local Quality 6,, per Unit (SoSh) Figure 16: Exchange Rate Figure 17: Water Drum ( litres) 4
Regional analysis: Shabelle Regions -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 22,7 16, 18,292 18,7 7,7 3% % -% Imported Red Rice 1kg,76,367 16,167 16, 6,66 1% 6% 3% Petrol 1 litre,3 18,867 19,78 19,42 8,29-1% 4% -23% Sugar 16,746 17,9 16,167 16,333 6,694 1% -9% -2% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 27,821 2 28,292 27,792 11,461-2% -1% % Wheat Flour 1kg,246 13,4 13,87 13,87,672 % 4% -9% Wheat Grain 1kg 18,33 16, 17, 7,18 6% - -6% Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg,498 12,38 8,7 9,68 3,672 4% -27% -14% White Maize 1kg 8,19 9,38 6,87 7,262 2,921 7% -23% -11% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) 18,629,834 19,1,667 18,84,6 18,241,667 7,88,19-3% -% -2% Cattle Local Quality (Head),481, 3,138,7 3,918,7 4,216,667 1,73,978 8% 34% -23% Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 23,226 26, 23, 23,37 9,624 2% -% 1% Goat Export Quality (Head) 1,93, 2,2 1,994,37 1,873,7 779,3-6% -% -3% Goat Local Quality (Head) 1,3,683 1,3,833 1,337,83 1,4,278 88,637 6% 8% 4% Charcoal kg 129,34 123,83 146,6,347 62,442 3% 22% 16% Cowpeas 1 kg 22,137 3,28,993,194,38-3% -28% 14% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 68,66 8,917 67, 62,361,841-7% 6% -9% Firewood Bundle 6,391,833 6,87 6,7 2,78-2% 16% 6% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 7,23 1,3 6,1 6,42 23,421 1% % -1% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD) 21,223 23, 23,479 23,383 9,627 % 1% % Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Maize(Kg) 8 6 9 - -% % 13% Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Maize(Kg) 171 14 196 19 - -1% 39% 14% Indices Consumer Index - 269 243 24 - -1% -11% - Figure 18: Trends in Cereal s Figure 19: Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power 14, Cereal 1, /Cereal TOT 4, 2,, 8, 6,, Relative purchasing power wage to cereal (kg/daily wage) Figure : Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure 21: Goat Local Quality 6,, per Unit (SoSh) Figure 22: Exchange Rate Figure 23: Water Drum ( litres)
Regional analysis: Banadir Region per Unit (SoSh), 1 1 14, 4, 2, Figure 24: Trends in Cereal s Cereal (Maize) Figure 26: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate 6,, Figure : Bakara: Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power 2,, 18, 16, 1 1,, 8, 6,, /Cereal TOT Figure 27: Goat Local Quality 3 3 Relative purchasing power wage to cereal (kg/daily wage) -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 17,28 12,333 14,392 14,392,887 % 17% -% Imported Red Rice 1kg 12,24 12, 12,792 12,78,186-1% 4% 4% Petrol 1 litre 18,8 16,167,, 6,348 % -4% -18% Sugar 13,996,833 14, 13,667,8-2% -14% -2% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 22,371 22, 22,7 22,667 9,329 % 1% 1% Wheat Flour 1kg 11,318 11,42 11,87 11,7 4,788-1% 6% 4% Wheat Grain 1kg,17 16,37 14,87 6,14 1% -8% 43% Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg 7,376,8 9,942 9,92 3,89-4% -12% 3% White Maize 1kg 8,838 11, 9,167 9,48 3,834 3% -18% 7% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) - - - - - - - - Cattle Local Quality (Head) - - - - - - - - Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 22,673 26,333 27,333 27,333 11,27 % 4% 21% Goat Export Quality (Head) 2,313, 2,, 2,7, 2,, 842,273-2% - -12% Goat Local Quality (Head) 1,893, 1,67, 1,67, 1, 67,879-3% -3% -14% Charcoal kg 194,966 2,, 211,667 87,91 6% % 9% Cowpeas 1 kg,3 3,87 26, 24,183 9,96-8% -33% % Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 8,166 77,917 88,333 86, 3,779-2% 11% -% Firewood Bundle 7,1 3,228 % % 13% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre,798 2,48 6,333 6,83 23,438 % 8% 1% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD),71 22,3 22,983 22,842 9,42-1% 2% % Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 8 6 7 7 - % 17% -13% Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 4 137 131 128 - -2% -7% -17% Indices Consumer Index - 269 243 24 - -1% -11% - Figure 28: Exchange Rate Figure 29: Wheat Flour 6
Regional analysis: Central Regions -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 23,466,7,4, 9,1-1% -3% -14% Imported Red Rice 1kg 17,896 18, 18,4 18,4 8,713 % 1% 3% Petrol 1 litre 23,23 22,8 23,4 23,4 11,7 % 3% 1% Sugar,27 24,6 21, 21,,4 % -14% 3% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 38,888 4,6 37,4 34,8 16,67-7% -14% -11% Wheat Flour 1kg,986 16,6 1 1 7,63 % -4% % Wheat Grain 1kg,89 17, 18,9 18, 8,617-4% 6% % Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg 12,64 16,333 14, 12,8 6,31-12% -22% 1% White Maize 1kg 13,74 17, 17,1,219 7,189-11% -% 11% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) 11,379,37 9,, 13,, 13,, 6,46,73 2% 42% 19% Cattle Local Quality (Head) - - - - - - - - Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 32,438 41,6 6,6 27,33-2% 36% 7% Goat Export Quality (Head) 1,37, 1,, 1,83,333 1,6 78,379 4% 37% % Goat Local Quality (Head) 1,63,333 9, 1,9 1,167, 8,83 6% 26% % Charcoal kg 171, 162, 192, 187, 89,464-3% % 9% Cowpeas 1 kg 22,77 39, 3 34,7 16, -9% -11% 2% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 88,246 94, 1 1 2,8 % 17% % Firewood Bundle 34,7 3 3, 33,,7 % -8% -% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 86,4 82, 82, 8, 4,611 3% 4% -2% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD) 22,71 26,4 24,1 24, 11, 1% -8% 7% Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Rice Kg) 4 6 6 - % % % Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Rice Kg) 9 1 6 63 - % 24% 7% Camel (Head)/Cereal (Rice Kg) 638 22 717 734-2% 41% % Indices Consumer Index - 262 213 9 - -2% -% - Figure 3: Trends in Cereal s Figure 31: Trends in wage rates and relative purchasing power 3, 3,,,, 1,, 8, 6,, /Cereal TOT Relative purchasing power wage to cereal (kg/daily wage) Figure 32: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure 33: Goat Local Quality 8, 6,, per Unit (SoSh) Figure 34: Exchange Rate Figure 3: Water Drum ( litres) 7
Regional analysis: Northeast Regions 3, -Year (13-17) Figure 36: Trends in Cereal s 1 Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre,614 18,214 21,786 22,936 8,163 % 26% 11% Imported Red Rice 1kg 17,41 17,89 17,839 17,993 6,382 1% 2% 6% Petrol 1 litre 21,83 21,929 24,7,464 9,74 3% 16% 17% Sugar 19,836 22,89,929,814 7,398-1% -6% % Vegetable Oil 1 litre 3,9 34,643 33,67 34, 12,221 2% -1% -% Wheat Flour 1kg 16,47 17,214 16,286 16,3,772 % -% -1% Wheat Grain 1kg 29, 31,6 31,3 31, 11, 1% % 9% Cereal s Red Sorghum 1kg 22,6 26, 26,6, 8,978 -% -% 12% White Maize 1kg 21,13 23, 24,7 24,6 8,762-1% % 16% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) 14,4,99 11,62, 16,283, 16,371,4,897,776 1% 48% 13% Cattle Local Quality (Head) 7,74,,, 14,, 13,7, 4,93,44-4% 162% 78% Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 42, 9,217 66,167 63,4 22,78-4% 7% 1% Goat Export Quality (Head) 1,327, 1,197, 1,82, 1,63, 77,389 1% 34% 21% Goat Local Quality (Head) 1,28,8 1,146,429 1,22, 1,7,786 61, 2% 36% 22% Charcoal kg 33,7 3,37 377, 37, 134,996-1% 6% 6% Cowpeas 1 kg 37, 42,78 68,229 66,3 23,78-3% % 77% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 13,749 134,821 147,321 146,87 2,86 % 9% 8% Firewood Bundle 3,882 4,,214 6,414,223 2% 39% 7% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 99,2 1, 8,8 113,4 4,73 4% 12% 14% Exchange Rate (Somali Shilling per USD) 22,24 26,643 27,87 28,214,64 1% 6% 28% Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 8 8 8 8 - % % % Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 7 6 8 87-2% 34% 16% Indices Consumer Index - 287 298 278 - -7% -3% - Figure 37: Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power,,, Cereal (Rice) 1,, 8, 6,, /Cereal TOT Relative purchasing power wage to cereal (kg/daily wage) Figure 38: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure 39: Goat Local Quality 6,, per Unit (SoSh) Figure 4: Exchange Rate Figure 41: Water Drum ( litres) 8
Regional analysis: Northwest Regions -Year (13-17) Real Same Year -year avrg (13-17) Imported Commodities s Diesel 1 litre 6,263,8 7,8 7,94,32 2% 37% 27% Imported Red Rice 1kg,1,8 6, 6,34 4,214 % 9% 22% Petrol 1 litre 7,9 7,6 9, 8,94,983-3% 27% 26% Sugar,888 6, 7,,343 11% 23% 36% Vegetable Oil 1 litre 12,642 13,8 13,618 13,46 9,8-1% -2% 6% Wheat Flour 1kg 4,692,4,24,48 3,628 % 1% 17% Wheat Grain 1kg 3,79 4,6,, 3,32 % 8% 32% Cereal s White Sorghum 1kg 3,93 4,9 4, 4,6 3,43 3% -6% 18% Yellow Maize 1kg 3,91, 6,3 6,4 4,268 2% 28% 62% Livestock & Livestock Product s Camel Local Quality (Head) 3,942,833 4,3, 4,4 4,833, 3,288, % 12% 23% Cattle Local Quality (Head) 2,317,24 2,29, 2,4,833 2,83 1,929,44 12% 24% 22% Fresh Camel Milk 1 litre 7,67 11, 12, 11,7 7,86-4% 2% 3% Goat Export Quality (Head) 44,87 44,6 22, 7,473 34,172-3% 14% 14% Goat Local Quality (Head) 329,68 329,7 446, 4, 289,94 -% 29% 29% Charcoal kg, 7, 8,8 79, 3,786-8% 13% 43% Cowpeas 1 kg 11,92, 18,313 19,313 13,4 % % 62% Unskilled Labor Wage Rate 2,48 6, 8,39 77,6 2,67-4% 29% 48% Firewood Bundle 4,3,333 6,167 6, 4,322 % 22% 1% Local Sesame Oil 1 litre 32,77 36,6 34,87 32, 21,672-8% -13% -2% Exchange Rate (Somaliland Shilling per USD 7,3 8,,333,3 6,94 % 22% 41% Wage (Daily)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 13 12 - -8% % % Local Goat (Head)/ Cereal (Rice(Kg) 63 7 74 67 - -9% 18% 6% Indices Consumer Index - 139 14 147-1% 6% - Figure 42: Trends in Cereal s Figure 43: Trends in Wage Rates and Relative Purchasing Power 7, Cereal (Rice) 8, /Cereal TOT SLSH, 4, 3, 2, 1, SLSH 6,, Relative purchasing power wage to cereal (kg/daily wage) Figure 44: Imported Commodity s Compared to Exchange Rate Figure 4: Goat Local Quality 14, 4, 2, per Unit (SLSh) SOMALILAND SHILLINGS PER DOLLAR Figure 46: Exchange Rate Figure 47: Water Drum ( litres) 9
Trends in Livestock Exports Table 1: Berbera Livestock Exports (Number of Heads) 1999 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 Shoats 2 48 136 1 61 83 1 46 341 711 63 7 89 44 1 23 79 1 17 242 1 3 4 1 219 19 1 6 3 2 84 8 3 4 684 3 219 84 2 888 9 3 89 92 3 27 386 2 88 7 Cattle 89 967 63 263 973 37 47 84 312 131 82 148 1 8 631 88 143 8 1 88 133 21 934 19 34 87 2 97 16,39 133 Camel 37 43 16 984 3 473 18,864 21 874 147 69 22 8 14 24 26 6 92 61 7 281 2 664 7 728 64 78 61 47 7 841 Number of Heads 3,6, 3,4, 3,, 3,, 2,8, 2,6, 2,4, 2,, 2,, 1,8, 1,6, 1,4, 1,, 1,, 8, 6, 4,, Figure 48: Berbera Livestock Exports (Number of Heads) Camel Cattle Shoats 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 YEAR Table 2: Bossaso Livestock Exports (Number of Heads) 1999 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 (Jan-Mar) Shoats 633 669 71 4 48 83 1 412 4 1 483 49 1 166 48 1 94 89 1 777 283 1 22 8 1 236 77 1 9 44 1 333 478 1 6 3 1 192 197 1 349 123 1 493 111 1 676 216 1 7 9 1 266 2 271 294 Cattle 36 86 27 64 42 248 3 313 71 328 79 994 91 9 4 9 89 19 78 46 67,38 3 88 99 8 76 43 77 33 87 79 134 97 7 7 39 347 12 39 Camel 44 8 177 1 9 9 7 4 9 2 488 26 9 33 724 27 8 27 639 331 36 86 4 878 22 288 19 32 12 1 94 144 781 1 137 Figure 49: Bossaso Livestock Exports (Number of Heads) Number of Heads 3,6, 3,4, 3,, 3,, 2,8, 2,6, 2,4, 2,, 2,, 1,8, 1,6, 1,4, 1,, 1,, 8, 6, 4,, Camel Cattle Shoats 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 YEAR
Trends in Cereal Imports Table 3: Total Cereal Imports through Berbera, Bossaso and Mogadishu Ports (Tonnes) * 1999 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13* 14 * 16* 17 18 (Jan-Mar) Rice 63,464 7 687 74 729 144 6 18 614 146 67 17 198 1 166 626 136 7 171 472 161 4 272 877 227 9 17 868 17 888 19 24 7 267 77 299 19 13 Wheat flour 176 78 134 4 128 263 171 442 1 169 83 178 34 176 821 169 8 24 247 249 8 8 679 268 491 183 8 284 23 318 868 7 463 2 8 Pasta 8 44 11 71 26 72 3 4 29 273 38 749 39 3 2 8 41 331 38 441 86 372 2 373 184 849 337 878 134 311 176 91 36 78 113 38 93 12 3 * Elman (Mogadishu) is up to November. Mogadishu data (Elmaan Port) for 13 includes only January - March imports. Berbera Data is up to December 16 Figure : Total Cereal Imports (Berbera, Bossaso and Mogadishu) 4, 3, Rice Wheat flour Pasta Tonnes 3,,,,,, 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 Year 11