Establish Davis Logistics Costs and Service 2013 As presented at CSCMPS Annual Global Conference Denver, October 20-23
1. The Establish Davis Database Evolution 2. Logistics Cost and Service 3. What companies are doing to control/reduce costs 2
The Establish Davis Database Evolution Over Time 2009 2003 2005 2007 Great recession ends Great recession begins Revised format 2001 Extended options Davis Insights added 1999 New European Database 1985 1987 1992 Made Database form available on line Chemical Manufacturers of America Database Restructured Database for globalization of logistics European Database expanded, 10 countries 1974 3 First European Database, France 1983 Private benchmarking system for GE s 72 divisions GMA - Grocery Manufacturers of America Database 1982 PMA - Pharmaceutical Manufacturers of America Database DTPA - Drug and Toilet Preparations Association Database First private Database for FIEI Set up Database Completed first Workbook
The Establish Davis Database Contains Many Industries/Groups Consumer Electronics High-Value Industrial Durable Telecommunications Industrial Replacement Parts Chemicals Industrial Supplies Consumer Service Parts Small Appliances Large Appliances Publishing Tires Consumer Packaged Goods Building Supplies/Hardware Products Low-Value Consumer Packaged Goods High-Value Consumer Packaged Goods Grocery Produce and Fresh Foods Meat and Fish Products Frozen Food Beverages Consumer Household Products Health and Beauty Aids High-Value Pharmaceuticals Low-Value Pharmaceuticals Industrial and Consumer Wholesalers/Distributors Apparel Retailers Drug Wholesalers Mass Merchandisers Low-Value Industrial Durable 4
The Establish Davis Database Participants confidential reports include: Cost comparison by general industry group and product value. Other cost comparisons participants receive: By volume By sales revenue 5
Your company compared to similar companies. 6
Cost As a Percent of Sales The Establish Davis Database Annually, we summarize the data, track it over time, and report the results. Logistics Cost as a Percent of Sales 10 8 6 4 2 0 % of Sales 1974 1977 1980 1983 1986 1989 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013 8.41% 7
Cost as A Percent of Sales The Establish Davis Database - Average Company Logistics Costs Change 75 Annual Functional Cost Change (Percent of Sales) 50 25 0 Inventory Warehousing Transportation -25-50 -75 8
Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 - Key Findings Logistics costs for the average company in the database are 8.41 percent of sales and $55.95 per hundredweight shipped. Logistics costs increased moderately (2 to 3 percent) from 2012 to 2013. Transportation and warehousing costs drove the increase. Overall logistics costs are on an upward trend. Companies with higher product values continue to have lower logistics costs. Smaller companies continue to have higher logistics costs. Service performance levels have remained about the same for several years. 9
The Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 Logistics Costs Cost % of Sales $/CWT Transportation 3.66% $25.99 Warehousing 2.04% $15.32 Customer Service 0.37% $1.94 Administration 0.22% $1.00 Inventory Carrying 2.11% $11.70 Total Logistics Costs 8.41% $55.95 10
Cost as a Percent of Sales (8.41%) Warehousing 24% Customer Service/ Order Entry 4% Administration 3% Inventory Carrying 25% Transportation 44% 11
Cost per Hundredweight (CWT $55.95) Warehousing 27% ($15.32) Customer Service/ Order Entry 3% ($1.94) Administration 2% ($1.00) Inventory Carrying 21% ($11. 70) Transportation 46% ($25.99) 12
Customer Service/ Order Entry 4% Warehousing 24% Cost as a Percent of Sales Administration 3% Inventory Carrying 25% Cost per Hundredweight Transportation 44% Customer Service/ Order Entry Warehousing 3% 27% Administration 2% Inventory Carrying 21% Transportation 46% 13
The Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 vs. 2012 Logistics Costs 2013 Cost 2012 Cost % of Sales $/CWT % of Sales $/CWT Transportation 3.66% $25.99 3.44% $24.85 Warehousing 2.04% $15.32 1.89% $15.07 Customer Service 0.37% $1.94 0.30% $2.38 Administration 0.22% $1.00 0.19% $1.37 Inventory Carrying 2.11% $11.70 2.05% $13.02 Total Logistics Costs 8.41% $55.95 7.87% $56.69 14
The Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 vs. 2012 Logistics Costs Change % of Sales $/CWT Transportation +6.4% +4.6% Warehousing +7.9% +1.7% Order Entry/Customer Service +23.3% -18.5% Administration +15.8% -27.0% Inventory +2.9% -10.1% Total +6.9% -1.3% 15
The Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 Logistics Costs Cost as % of Sales Transportation 3.66% Warehousing 2.04% Customer Service 0.37% Administration 0.22% Inventory Carrying 2.11% Total Logistics Costs 8.41% 16
Cost as a Percent of Sales Cost as a Percent of Sales Over Time 5 4 3 2 1 0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Transportation Warehousing Customer Service Administration Inventory Carrying 17
Cost as a Percent of Sales Cost as a Percent of Sales Over Time 10 10 10 10 8 8 8 8 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 37 2004 2008 2005 2009 20012002 2006 2010 2002003 2007 2011 2003 20042008 2004 2005 2009 2005 2006 2001 2010 2006 2007 2002011 2008 200720032009 200820042010 20092005 2011 2001 20102006 2012 2002 20112007 2013 2003 2008200 e Administration Warehousing Inventory Customer Transportation Carrying Service Administration Warehousing Transportation Customer Inventory Service Carrying Warehousing Administration Transportation Customer Inventory Service Carrying Warehou Admini 18
The Establish Davis Database - Average Company 2013 Logistics Costs Cost $/CWT Transportation $25.99 Warehousing $15.32 Customer Service $1.94 Administration $1.00 Inventory Carrying $11.70 Total Logistics Costs $55.95 19
Cost per Hundredweight Cost per Hundredweight Over Time $50 $40 $30 $20 $10 $0 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Transportation Warehousing Customer Service Administration Inventory Carrying 20
On-Highway Diesel Fuel Cost On-Highway Diesel Fuel Cost (Over Time) $4,50 $4,00 $50 $45 $3,50 $3,00 $2,50 $2,00 $1,50 $1,00 $0,50 $40 $35 $30 $25 $20 $15 $10 $5 Cost per Hundredweight $0,00 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 $0 On-Highway Diesel Fuel Cost Cost of Transportation Source: U.S. Energy Information Administration 21
Cost per Hundredweight Cost per Hundredweight Over Time 10 $100 10 10 8 $80 8 8 6 $60 6 6 4 $40 4 4 2 $20 2 2 0 $0 0 0 37 2004 2008 2005 2009 2001 2002 2006 2010 2002 2003 2007 2011 20032004 2008 2004 20052009 2005 2006 2001 2010 2007 20062002011 2008 20072003 2009 20082004 2010 2009 2011 20052001 2010 2012 20062002 2013 201120072003 2008200 e Administration Warehousing Inventory Customer Transportation Carrying Service Administration Warehousing Transportation Customer Inventory Service Carrying Warehousing Administration Transportation Customer Inventory Service Carrying Warehou Admini 22
Cost as a Percent of Sales Company Size Smaller companies continue to have higher logistics costs. 12 10.50 10 8.46 8 6.93 6 4.88 4 2 0 <$100 $100 - $500 $500 - $2,000 >$2,000 Annual Sales ($ MM) 23
Cost as a Percent of Sales Product Value Companies with higher product values continue to have lower logistics costs. 12.00 10.91 10.00 9.14 8.00 6.00 4.00 5.89 4.24 2.00 0.00 <$5 $5 - $10 $10 - $20 >$20 Product Value in $/Pound 24
Customer Service Levels 2013 Measurements Total order cycle time - 11 days Product Availability (Shipped Complete) Orders 85% Lines 95% Units 92% 25
Average Performance Reported FULL DATABASE 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 Total Cycle Time (Days) 8 7 8 8 8 9 9 8 7 7 10 11 Product Availability (% Orders) 88 85 91 88 84 83 90 91 92 93 85 84 (% Lines) 95 91 94 92 89 93 92 94 95 95 96 95 (% Units) 93 93 91 94 90 94 94 95 95 95 94 91 26
What are companies doing to control/reduce costs and add capacity in this economy? 27
LOGISTICS NETWORKS 28
LOGISTICS NETWORKS Shifting to a global perspective. Reconfiguring networks as a result of: Shifts in the manufacturing and customer base. Changes in carrier rate structures and service performance levels. Reconfiguring networks to consolidate the operations of: Internal organizations Acquired/merged organizations. 29
TRANSPORTATION (44% of the Logistics Spend) 30
TRANSPORTATION Centralizing the purchasing of transportation. Formalizing the carrier selection process. Leveraging volumes (plants/dcs - inbound from sources/suppliers, transfers and customer shipments). Re-evaluating ordering patterns to identify consolidation, pool point, and cross dock opportunities. Separating imbedded transportation costs from the landed cost of materials/inventory from sources, to: Identify, evaluate and control costs. Leverage additional volumes. Acquiring/upgrading transportation management systems (TMS) to maximize control and cost reduction opportunities. 31
WAREHOUSING (24% of the Logistics Spend) 32
WAREHOUSING Leveraging volumes when: Purchasing supplies and equipment Engaging the services of third party providers (3PL) Shifting to 3PLs and formalizing the engagement process. Using more temporary personnel. Increasing the capacity of existing warehouses by changing to denser storage methods and by expanding the cube (adding on, raising the roof, etc.). Purchasing factory rebuilt equipment. Adding/upgrading Warehouse Management Systems (WMSs). Increasing ASN requirements to improve receiving and put away productivity and efficiency. 33
INVENTORY (25% of the Logistics Spend) 34
INVENTORY Improving the forecasting/inventory planning processes. Reducing the safety stock requirements by reducing the number of warehouses. Reducing inventory carrying costs and warehousing space requirements by: Pushing inventory, all types, back to suppliers. Disposing of excess and obsolete inventory. 35
CUSTOMER SERVICE (4% of the Logistics Spend) 36
CUSTOMER SERVICE Migrating to automated attendants Outsourcing the functional activities Encouraging on-line order entry, tracking, etc. 37
ADMINISTRATION (3% of the Logistics Spend) 38
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THANK YOU 40