Roundup Ready Sugarbeet Production Your Way To Grow 2008
Roundup Ready Variety Development Weed Control & Agronomic Practices Economics Environment 2
Variety Development
Variety Development 1993 - First biotech sugarbeet trial in U.S. planted near Hillsboro, ND 1993 2007 - Trials, trials, trials 2007 - Limited commercial launch - Wyoming Sugar Company 2008 Commercial Roundup Ready sugarbeet production in all U.S. sugar growing regions except California 4
Variety Development Biotechnology is a tool utilized by breeders It is not a silver bullet The Roundup Ready gene has been transferred into elite material The process takes five to seven years before commercial seed is available Only one generation per year 5
Variety Development Disease Resistance Given time, seed companies will be able to provide varieties with a similar disease package as with conventional varieties There may be less Rhizoctonia pressure as cultivation is decreased However, there may be more Rhizoctonia with the increase in soybean and corn production 6
Variety Development Stand establishment potential of biotech varieties should be no different than non-biotech varieties Seed companies likely had very small quantities of experimental seed to enter into official trials Varieties need to meet or exceed American Crystal approval standards. 7
How do biotech varieties compare to non-biotech varieties? Revenue - Similar with upside potential Yield - Similar with upside potential Sugar - Similar with upside potential Aph Resistance Wide range of resistance 8
2007 Official Trial Data - Yield Biotech vs. Non-Biotech Varieties Approved Varieties on Left : First Year Varieties on Right Hilleshog 9045RR Crystal R763 Hilleshog 9046RR Hilleshog 9049RR Beta 1180R Hilleshog 9035RR SESVanderhave H46911 Hilleshog 9053RR Beta 1120R Holly 07HX702 SESVanderhave H48716 Hilleshog 9043RR SESVanderhave Beta 1140R Crystal 765RR SESVanderhave H46711 SESVanderhave H48717 BTS 87RR68 BTS 87RR58 Crystal 770RR BTS 87RR38 Seedex SX0842 SESVanderhave H46714 Crystal 768RR Seedex SX0841 Crystal R761 Hilleshog 3031Rz Holly 317 Crystal R308 Beta 1772R Beta 4554R Seedex Rezult SESVanderhave H46911 BTS 86RR88 Hilleshog 4010RR Hilleshog 4003RR Crystal R431 Hilleshog 3035Rz Hilleshog 3028Rz Hilleshog 3036Rz Crystal 539RR Beta 1305R Seedex Alpine Beta 1301R BTS 86RR66 Hilleshog 3050Rz Crystal R434 BTS 86RR44 Hilleshog 4012RR SESVanderhave H46532 Hilleshog 3052Rz SESVanderhave H48607 BTS 85RR02 SESVanderhave H46807 Seedex Triton Holly 629 Holly 556 SESVanderhave H46519 Hilleshog 3051Rz SESVanderhave H46533 SESVanderhave H46531 Crystal 658RR Seedex Sonic 30.0 29.0 28.0 27.0 9 26.0 25.0 24.0 23.0 22.0 21.0 20.0 Yield per Acre Blue & Green Conventional Red Roundup Ready
2007 Official Trial Data - Sugar Content Biotech vs. Non-Biotech Varieties Approved Varieties on Left : First Year Varieties on Right Crystal 770RR SESVanderhave H46714 Seedex SX0841 BTS 87RR38 Crystal R761 Seedex SX0842 Crystal 768RR Beta 1180R SESVanderhave H46911 BTS 87RR58 Hilleshog 9043RR Holly 07HX702 Hilleshog 9053RR SESVanderhave H48717 Crystal R763 SESVanderhave H48716 Hilleshog 9049RR Beta 1120R SESVanderhave Hilleshog 9035RR SESVanderhave H46711 Hilleshog 9046RR Beta 1140R Hilleshog 9045RR BTS 87RR68 Crystal 765RR Crystal 658RR Holly 556 Beta 1301R SESVanderhave H46519 Holly 629 SESVanderhave H46533 BTS 86RR44 SESVanderhave H46532 SESVanderhave H48607 Seedex Sonic Hilleshog 3051Rz Crystal R434 Seedex Triton SESVanderhave H46531 Hilleshog 4012RR BTS 86RR66 Beta 1305R SESVanderhave H46807 Holly 317 SESVanderhave H46911 Seedex Alpine BTS 85RR02 Crystal 539RR Hilleshog 3052Rz Hilleshog 4003RR BTS 86RR88 Hilleshog 3050Rz Hilleshog 4010RR Hilleshog 3028Rz Beta 4554R Crystal R431 Hilleshog 3036Rz Seedex Rezult Hilleshog 3035Rz Crystal R308 Beta 1772R Hilleshog 3031Rz 18.5 10 18.0 17.5 17.0 16.5 16.0 Sugar Content Blue & Green Conventional Red Roundup Ready
2007 Official Trial Data - 1 Year Aphanomyces Rating Biotech vs. Non-Biotech Varieties Approved Varieties on Left : First Year Varieties on Right Beta 1120R BTS 87RR68 Hilleshog 9049RR Crystal 765RR Seedex SX0841 Hilleshog 9043RR Seedex SX0842 Hilleshog 9045RR Beta 1140R SESVanderhave H48716 SESVanderhave SESVanderhave H46711 SESVanderhave H48717 Crystal 768RR BTS 87RR58 BTS 87RR38 Hilleshog 9053RR Holly 07HX702 Hilleshog 9035RR SESVanderhave H46714 Beta 1180R SESVanderhave H46911 Crystal R763 Hilleshog 9046RR Crystal R761 Crystal 770RR Hilleshog 4003RR SESVanderhave H46533 Crystal 658RR SESVanderhave H46807 Seedex Alpine SESVanderhave H48607 Seedex Rezult SESVanderhave H46531 Hilleshog 3031Rz SESVanderhave H46519 Hilleshog 4010RR Holly 629 Hilleshog 4012RR Hilleshog 3051Rz Holly 317 Hilleshog 3036Rz Hilleshog 3028Rz SESVanderhave H46911 Holly 556 Hilleshog 3050Rz Seedex Sonic SESVanderhave H46532 BTS 86RR44 Beta 4554R Crystal R308 Beta 1305R Seedex Triton Hilleshog 3052Rz Crystal R431 BTS 86RR66 Beta 1772R BTS 86RR88 Hilleshog 3035Rz Crystal 539RR BTS 85RR02 Beta 1301R Crystal R434 8.0 7.0 6.0 11 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 Aphanomyces Rating Blue & Green Conventional Red Roundup Ready
Agronomic Practices
Seed Spacing and Plant Population $250/unit seed cost 5 = $143 6 = $120 savings $23 40 beets/100 X 70% = 28 beets/100 row = $98/acre loss in revenue 13
Suggested first glyphosate application time to avoid yield loss from competition. Dense weed pressure: cotyledon to 2 leaf sugarbeet Moderate weed pressure: 2-leaf sugarbeet Light weed pressure: 2-leaf to 4-leaf sugarbeet Dexter - January, 2008 14
Glyphosate is common name of active ingredient in Roundup and generic products. About 40 brand names have glyphosate as an active ingredient. Not all glyphosate products are labeled for use on sugarbeets. Applications of an unlabeled glyphosate product to the sugarbeet crop is a violation of the grower agreement and can result in fines from the state ag departments. Must read labels of glyphosate products to be sure post application for sugarbeet appears on the labels. 15
Use Glyphosate Wisely Second application of glyphosate will nearly always be needed. Application must be 10 days or more after the first application. Third application may be needed. 16
Use Glyphosate Wisely Weed control from glyphosate is reduced by drought stress and low humidity. Dew and dust on plants may reduce weed control. Rain within 6 hours may reduce weed control. Cool weather will slow results, frost will reduce control. Weed control from glyphosate is best with applications between 10:00 am and 4:00 pm. 17
Use Glyphosate Wisely Observe the allowed range of spray volumes on the glyphosate label. Weed control with glyphosate is often better with spray volumes at the low end of the range. Risk of spray drift may be increased with low spray volumes, so use drift management techniques as needed. 18
RR Volunteers Soybean Stinger Corn Grass control product Canola Sugarbeet Remove from following crops Remove bolters from sugarbeet crop 19
Roundup Ready vs Conventional -Sugarbeet treated on time with conventional herbicides may yield more than RR sugarbeet treated late with glyphosate. -Sugarbeet yield from fields with high weed densities or hard to control weeds usually will be better with RR and glyphosate. -Sugarbeet variety tolerance to certain diseases may be more important than herbicide resistance. -Weed control in fields with poor stands will be easier with RR and glyphosate. 20
Target Fewer Post Applications 3 versus 4 2 versus 3 21
Glyphosate Application Rates Want to achieve 100% weed control to slow weed resistance. Label limit is 2 lb ae/acre from emergence through 8 leaves. Suggest 1 lb ae/acre applied twice. Label limit is 1.55 lb ae/acre from 8 leaves to closed canopy and maximum single application is 0.77 lb ae/acre. 22
Glyphosate Applications Use up to four sequential glyphosate applications with at least 10 days between applications. Do not apply glyphosate within 30 days of harvest. Maximum of 96 oz per season may be used. 23
Little Banding of Herbicides Less cost savings opportunity No cultivation Better resistance management 24
Flexibility in Scheduling Applications Wider window of opportunity No crop phytotoxicity Less compaction 25
Reduce Hand Labor Ease of kochia control, others Ease of control of late season escapes 26
Resistant Weeds / Weed Shifts Lambsquarters Amaranth species Ragweed Hand weed as necessary Others 27
Mechanical Weed Control Reduction Row Crop Cultivation Average 1.7X per acre Reduced by 50% or more Savings of $5.00 to $10.00 per acre Less compaction Less harvest loss Less Rhizoctonia 28
Mechanical Weed Control Elimination Harrowing Rotary Hoeing Other 26% acre rotary hoed 4% harrowed 2% other Less Rhizoctonia 29
Sugarbeet Production In Reduced Tillage Systems Strip till No till Stale seedbed NRCS cost share Fuel savings Less compaction 30
Cover Crop Practices More cover crop use = more profit 30,000 acres in MN in 2007 50,000 acres in MN in 2008? NRCS cost share Better stands/better revenue May need to band first glyphosate 31
Change in replanting guidelines Seed cost Keep low stands Spray once more Higher yields if don t replant (35 ton versus 22 in 2007 one example) 32
Harvest and Storage Fewer harvester repairs Less harvest loss Fewer loads rejected Less piler downtime Lower storage losses 33
Economics
Facts and Assumptions 2007 Grower Cost Survey $106 tech fee per unit of seed Seed cost - $100 per unit Roundup cost - $45 - $50 per gallon 4.5 lb acid equivalent $47.50 Rate = 28 oz Cost per acre = $10.39 NIS & AMS = $0.36 35
Summary of Input Costs Input Costs Conventional Roundup Ready Seed Seed (4.75 inch spacing) $60.19 $66.21 Tech Fee $63.80 Total Seed Cost $60.19 130.01 Fertilizer $44.46 $44.46 Insecticide $13.31 $13.31 Weed Control $66.79 $24.50 Fungicide $35.86 $35.86 Other (Insurance & Interest) $26.99 $27.87 Total Input Costs $247.60 $276.01 36
Summary of Operational Costs Field Operation Costs Conventional Roundup Ready Fall Tillage $20.29 $20.29 Spring Tillage $8.16 $8.16 Planting $15.31 $15.31 Summer Tillage $8.77 $3.76 Herbicide Spraying Cost $16.31 $8.80 Fungicide Spraying Cost $9.08 $9.08 Stalk Shredder $2.88 $2.88 Topper $10.83 $10.83 Harvesting $55.69 $55.69 Beet Cart $12.61 $12.61 Trucking $94.65 $100.96 Total Operation Costs $254.58 $248.37 37
Summary of Costs Input Costs $247.60 $276.01 Operation Costs $254.58 $248.37 Total Costs $502.18 $524.38 Difference of $22.20 38
Environmental
Environment Leaching and Runoff Roundup Very Low Low risk for leaching Low High risk potential to runoff to surface water Conventional Herbicides Low High risk for leaching (Progress & Stinger) Low High risk potential to runoff to surface water (Progress, Stinger, Betamix, Outlook, & Nortron) 40
Environmental Herbicide Roundup 15.3 Stinger 18.1 Nortron 30.0 Upbeet Desmedipham 21.7 Phenmedipham 30.2 Outlook 14.0 Total EIQ Value (farm worker+consumer+ecological)/3 No value established 41
Environmental University of Idaho estimates 0.7 gallons of fuel per acre for each cultivation 0.55 gallons of fuel per acre for each pesticide application (pull sprayer) Fuel Consumption Conventional fields cultivation 1.75 gal/acre herbicide application 1.68 gal/acre Roundup Ready cultivation 1.05 gal/acre herbicide application 0.98 gal/acre 42
Environmental For every 4 gallons of reduced fuel usage Reduction of 38.6 pounds of Carbon per acre released to the atmosphere as CO2 Study indicates 1.4 gallon per acre fuel usage reduction On 425,000 acres of sugarbeets, there is 5.75 million fewer pounds of Carbon released as CO2. 43
Summary
Biotech varieties vs. non-biotech Conclusions Official trials compare biotech varieties to non-biotech varieties in a weed free environment Growers likely will see a benefit from Roundup Ready technology and biotech varieties in their fields Roundup vs. conventional herbicides Improvements in performance will continue as breeders develop new varieties 45
Future Biotech Traits No new traits Just around the corner Potential future biotech traits Rhizomania resistance Liberty Link tolerance Cercospora resistance Aphanomyces resistance Sugar content Drought tolerance Winter-beet Storage losses Nitrogen utilization Insect resistance 46
Agronomic Benefits Improved weed control Improved stands Cover crops Reduced tillage Less soil compaction Less harvest losses Fewer rejected loads Better storage 47
Strategies to Slow Development of Glyphosate Resistant Weeds Use high rates of glyphosate. Use cultivation and hand weeding to control weeds that survive after the last glyphosate application. Do not use glyphosate in every year of a crop rotation sequence. Use herbicides in mixtures with multiple modes of action. 48
Economics Higher seed costs Lower weed control costs Fewer summer tillage operations and spray applications = fuel savings Higher trucking costs due to improved yields 49
Environmental Less leaching & runoff potential Safer for workers, consumers and ecology Fuel savings = fewer CO2 emissions 50
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