Solar District Heating Connecting Solar Thermal Sources to DHC Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Pauschinger Steinbeis Research Institute for Solar and Sustainable Thermal Energy Systems Meitnerstr. 8 D-70563 Stuttgart
Solites Research Institute within the Steinbeis Foundation Steinbeis Foundation for Business Development Germanys largest technology transfer company Main office in Stuttgart, annual turnover 2013 more than 140 mio. Solites as a part of the Steinbeis Network Founded by two former scientists of the Institut for Thermodynamics and Heat Technology of the University Stuttgart in 2005 Research, Development and Consulting e.g. EU DG Tren, DG Energy, BMWi, BMU, BMFT, ministry of economics Ba-Wü, ministry of agriculture Ba-Wü, city München, municipal utility of Crailsheim, E.On Hanse Wärme GmbH, Saga GWG AG, Rehau AG, Marstal Fjernwarme, Foster and Partners, builder, planning offices, enterprises, industrial associations, research institutes Expertise for large scale solar thermal systems and seasonal thermal energy storage e.g. for IEA/ OECD, EU DG Energy, BMU, experts
Solites Research Institute within the Steinbeis Foundation Solites: Research Institute R+D in the working areas solar thermal energy, geothermal energy, large scale thermal energy storage, system integration and integral energy strategies inclusive using biomass, CHP, waste heat, wind, PV and mobility Consulting of housing enterprises, industry and municipalities with concept development, simulation and scientific-technical project monitoring Market development for solar district heating, large scale solar thermal plants, multifunctional-thermal energy storages in Germany and EU Development of products and their bringing onto the market for industry Scientific-technical monitoring of pilot-scale and demonstration plants Evaluation of pilot-scale plants (monitoring and analysis)
SDHplus New business models for solar heating and cooling Business models for solar district heating Case studies for first-of-its-kind -plants and innovative DH net integrations Marketing approaches for distict heating with solar heat One-to-one coaching of learning countries ES, FR, HR, LT, PL, SI International SDH conferences and workshops Duration: July 2012 June 2015 Implementation in 12 EU countries Supported by:
General situation for solar district heating Plants are presently built on international level in the capacity range up to 50 MW th. Heat generation costs below 50 /MWh are reached (net, without subsidies). New situation for heat generation in district heating due to the energy market changes (shorter running times of CHP, possibility to substitute heat from heating boilers)
Solar District Heating Market situation in Europe 216 solar thermal plants for the generation of heat and cold each with more than 500 m² collector area / 350 kw th nominal capacity
Variety of solar district heating
Types of solar plants for district heating Different integration and applications of solar thermal in DH have been realized and proved. Cost competitiveness is reached with large (>1 MW th ) and simple plants with solar fractions <20 % using ground mounted collector fields. 1. Solar district heating systems for block heating in quarters 2. Solar district heating systems with long term heat storage and high solar fraction for block heating in quarters 3. Decentrally integrated solar thermal plants for quarters (Examples SE) 4. Solar district heating systems for small cities and communities (Examples DK, AT und DE) 5. Solar district heating systems with combined electricity and heat supply for small cities and communities (Smart District Heating, Example DK) 6. Large-scale solar thermal plants with decentral integration into large urban district heating systems(example AT) 7. Large-scale solar thermal plants with central integration into large urban district heating systems (case studies)
Type 4: Solar district heating systems for small cities and communities Example Büsingen, Germany District heating system 4 200 MWh/a 5 km net length 80-85 C supply temp. Solar thermal plant 1 090 m² solar collectors 13 % solar fraction Total investment 3.5 Mio Source: solarcomplex
Type 6: Large-scale solar thermal plants with decentral integration into large urban district heating systems Wels and Graz, Austria Plant operator: Collector area: DH net parameters: Supply temperature: p VL,max Δp max Plant Messe Wels Elektrizitätswerke Wels AG 3 400 m² CPC-VRK 50 km / 173 GWh/a 85 C constant 6.4 bar 4.7 bar Plant Stadium Liebenau, Graz SOLID (contractor) 1 407 m² flat plate collectors 700 km / 973 GWh/a 80 C constant 8.7 bar 2.5 bar
Type 2: Solar district heating systems with long term heat storage and high solar fraction for block heating in quarters Crailsheim (DE) Supply area Buildings: 260 apts, school, gymnasium Heat load: 4 100 MWh/a Collector area: 7 300 m² (aperture) Solar fraction: 50 % (measured) Storage type 100 + 480 m³ water buffer tank 37 500 m³ borehole thermal energy storage Other heat generators Heat pump (350 kw), district heating network (CHP)
Solar collectors in Crailsheim, Germany Source: Stadtwerke Crailsheim
Type 3: Decentrally integrated solar thermal plants for quarters Example Gardsten in Gothenburg, Sweden Area Renovation of a housing complex from the 70s Gardstenbostäder (housing enterprise) District heating net of Gothenburg Heat load: 3 867 GWh/a Net length: 1 000 km Solar thermal plant Collector area: 150 m² (aperture) Solar heat: ~300 kwh/(m² a) Feed-in temperature: constant ~80 C Feed-in Prefabricated substation from Armatec
Type 5: Solar district heating systems with combined electricity and heat supply for small cities and communities Marstal, Denmark 75.000 m³ pit heat store Heating plant (biomass ORC, heat pump) 18.300 m² solar collectors 15.000 m² solar collectors 10.000 m³ pit heat store Solar collector area: 33.300 m² Storage type: 85.000 m³ pit heat store Heat output: 31.996 MWh/a Heat load: 32 GWh/a Solar fraction: 55 %
Solar heat price for different SDH plant types
Next steps Establish solar thermal as normal heat producer in DHC markets and processes Information, capacity building, support to market actors, sustainability Framework (policy, regulations, heat planning and urban planning) Strengthen citizen and consumer participation Consideration in projects by DHC operators, utilities and municipalities Use strong interest in RES DHC by regional policy makers and authorities Continuation of vital international cooperation, transfer and coaching
SDH-Website: www.solar-district-heating.eu news market studies plant database SDH guidelines workshops + courses services find professionals contact points
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Support and Contact Website: www.solar-district-heating.eu Coordination: Solites Steinbeis Research Institut for Solar and Sustainable Thermal Energy Systems Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Pauschinger pauschinger@solites.de Supported by: The sole responsibility for the content of this document lies with the authors. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the funding authorities. The funding authorities are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.