Sustainable Energy Recovery from Organic Waste Waste 2012 Conference - Australia Coffs Harbour ; Elmar Offenbacher www.bdi-bioenergy.com
Energy Recovery from Waste Waste Combustion Typical MSW has a moisture content of 35% and a LHV of 9,000 kj/kg; about 50% of it is organic that has a negative heating value One ton of mixed MSW gives about 600 kw of electricity in a waste combustion plant -- Waste Separation -- When separating MSW in organic and anorganic fraction, energy can also be recovered from the OFMSW in an AD plant, and the LHV of the RDF is significantly higher than the one of the MSW More than 50% increase in energy recovery Anaerobic Digestion 2
Organic Waste Resources > 50 % of all waste landfilled in Australia is organic waste; ~ 10 Mio tons of organic waste per year is generated in Australia One ton of organic waste can be converted to ~ 100 Nm³ of CH4 in an Anaerobic Digester that gives ~ 400 kw of electricity in a CHP ~ 400 MW of electricity plus 400 MW of heat could be generated while using all the organic waste of Australia in BioGas plants Anaerobic Digestion saves up to 2 tons of CO2 per ton of treated waste and eliminates CH4 emissions from landfill into atmosphere DON T WASTE YOUR WASTE, CONVERT IT TO ENERGY 3
BDI BioEnergy at a Glance BDI - BioEnergy International AG has been a pioneer in the field of sustainable Waste to BioFuels over more than 20 years BDI is market and technology leader in the provision of customised and high efficient Multi-Feedstock BioDiesel plants BDI also supplies advanced BioGas plants that are most suitable for the energy recovery of all kinds of organic waste Headquartered near Graz / Austria, BDI - BioEnergy employs some 130 highly skilled and well experienced personnel 4
BDI BioDiesel & BioGas References 5
BDI Technological Leadership 1991 Austria 1994 Austria 1998 USA 1 st Industrial-scale plant ever built world-wide for the production of BioDiesel from Rapeseed Oil 1 st Multi-Feedstock Plant ever built world-wide for the production of BioDiesel from Used Cooking Oil 1 st Multi-Feedstock Plant ever built world-wide for the production of BioDiesel from Animal Fat 2005 UK-Scotland 1 st Multi-Feedstock Plant ever built world-wide for the production of BioDiesel from High Risk Fat 2006 Italy Biggest Multi-Feedstock Plant ever built in Europe for the production of BioGas from Food Waste 6
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Multi-Feedstock Food Industry Residues (from breweries, diaries, slaughterhouses) Organic Waste (e.g. kitchen waste, packaged food waste, OFMSW) Biofuel Industry Residues (e.g. ethanol stillage, distillation residues) Agricultural Residues and Products (e.g. chicken litter, cow manure) Suitable for various and complex and challenging industrial residues All feedstock can be converted into BioGas separately OR as a mixture Maximum possible efficiency and energy output from any feedstock 7
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Substrate Treatment with ENBASEP Technology Centrifugal Separation 8
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Fermentation Process Substrate (Pretreated) Hydrolysis Tank Anaerobic Digestion Digestate Buffer Hydrolysis Tank: biodegradation of long chain compounds (e.g. proteins, fats) into short chain compounds like fatty acids, amino acids and sugars Anaerobic Digestion: High Load Hybrid Reactor, designed as a full high-tech fermentation vessel, combining CSTR and UASB digester systems 9
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Main Advantages of BDI BioGas Technology High degradation rates - even with critical and changing feedstock Up to 3 times more throughput compared to conventional systems Fully automated & continuous operation and low operating cost No need of costly co-substrates, such as slurry or chemicals Compact in size - easy integration in industrial plants 10
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Digestate Treatment with BDI Technology Polymer Sludge Concentrate for Fertilizer RO Digestate from Anaerobic Digestion Decanter Aeration Basin RO-Water O 2 CO 2 Ultrafiltration Decanter Pellet ph - Control Decanter: Separation of liquid and solid fraction of the digestate Aerobic bioreactor: Reduction of nitrogen in the liquid phase Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis: Further reduction of COD and solids 11
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology BDI BioGas Reference Plant Este (Italy) Largest Plant in Europe Customer: S.E.S.A. (Società Estense Servizi Ambientali) Feedstock: organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW), food industry waste, slaughter house waste, biofuel residues Input: 140.000 t/y (gross) ; 105.000 t/y (net) Output: Biogas: 1.450 Nm 3 /h (59% CH 4 ) Electricity: 3,4 MW el (27 GWh/y) Heat: 3,8 MW th (30 GWh/y) Start-up: Mid 2006 12
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Latest BDI BioGas Reference Plants BDI BioGas Plant Northern France 2.1 MWel Design/Supply/Build BDI BioGas Plant Marl, Germany 3.1 MWel Design/Supply/Build Feedstock: Food waste, trap grease Start-up: Mid 2012 Feedstock: Food waste, residues Start-up: End 2011 BDI BioGas Plant Pamukova, Turkey 1.4 MWel Design/Supply/Build Feedstock: Organic waste, manure Start-up: Mid 2011 13
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Typical BioGas Plant (~ 50,000 t/a) Substrate Flow TS OTS COD TKN [t/a] [%] [%] [kg/t] [kg/t] OFMSW 40.000 22,4 20,6 325 4,2 Food Waste 10.000 18,2 17,8 284 8,5 Waste Water 5.000 2,0 1,7 20 1,0 Summe 55.000 19,8 18,5 304 6,0 BioGas Flow Nm³/a 11.010.000 55% CH4 BioGas Energy kwh/a 59.348.000 Based on LHV Power Generation kwh/a 24.348.000 Gas engine (40% efficiency) Process Heat Generation kwh/a 25.348.000 Hot water (up to 90 C) COD-Reduction % 75 Loading Rate kg COD/m³ d 9,5 Fermenter Hydr. Retention Time d 27 Fermenter Digestate Flow t/a 78.085 Can be used as fertilizer 14
BDI Waste-to-BioGas Technology Typical BioGas Plant (~ 50,000 t/a) 15
BDI s Integrated Waste-to-BioFuels System Feedstock / Input Waste to BioFuels Product / Output Rendering Industry Animal fat High Protein Fraction Pasy Liquid DAF Dissolved Air Flotation Sludge Blood, Intestines Food Industry Trap Grease Used Cooking Oil Food Waste BioFuel Industry DGS Distillers Grain with Solubles Crude Glycerin Brewing Industry Spent Grains Surplus Yeast Multi-Feedstock BioDiesel Plant Fat Preparation BioDiesel Production Distillation Multi-Feedstock BioGas Plant Substrate Management BioGas Production BioGas Purification (residues and waste water) (waste water) (residues and waste water) (digestate) BioDiesel EN 14214 Glycerin Fertilizer BioGas Agricultural Industry Chicken Litter Manure Waste Management Organic Fraction MSW Catering Waste Digestate Treatment Biological Waste Water Treatment Membrane-based Process Ammonia Recovery Pure Water Fertilizer Ammonia 16
BDI s Integrated Waste-to-BioFuels System 17
elmar.offenbacher@bdi-bioenergy.com 18