1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Joint Research Centre, JRC AFRETEP Rural electrification options for Africa Solar Energy Symposium. Dr. Irene Pinedo Pascua Postdoctoral Researcher IET - Institute for Energy and Transport Ispra - Italy http://iet.jrc.ec.europa.eu/
2 Overview - What is AFRETEP? - Who are we? - What are we doing? What do we want to do?
3 Scientific and Technical Support to Sustainable Energy Development in Africa: Rural Electrification, Renewable Energy and Communication. Funded by: European Commission, EuropeAid Co-operation Office. Implemented by: European Commission - Joint Research Centre Institute for Energy, Renewable Energy Unit (REU). Objective: to contribute to understand the potential for renewable energy options in Africa for increased access to electrification in rural areas.
4 1 2 3 Establishing a network of institutions Scientific and technological knowledge sharing Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification
What is needed? Where do I start? What do I need? Am I missing something? Is this really like this? 5
1 Establishing a network of institutions African Renewable Energy Technology Platform (AFRETEP) Partners: 6 Country Senegal Cape Verde Tanzania Cameroon Botswana Burkina Faso Uganda Ghana Ethiopia Nigeria Mozambique Namibia Organization Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE) Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).Centre for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (ECREEE) University of Dar er Salaam, College of Engineering and Technology.Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique (ENSP).Laboratoire d'energétique University of Botswana, Faculty of Engineering and Technology.Centre of Study in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Fondation 2iE.Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologies de l Eau, l Energie et l Environnement Makerere University, Faculty of Technologic.Centre for Research in Energy and Energy Conservation (CREEC) Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology.Technology Consultancy Centre Ministry of Mines.Centre for Research and Development Community Research and Development Center (CRDC). NGO National Institute of Meteorology. Solar Radiation Centre Polytechnic of Namibia. Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Institute
1 Establishing a network of institutions African Renewable Energy Technology Platform (AFRETEP) Incoming partners: 7 Country Cameroon Cameroon Algeria Mozambique Togo South Africa South Africa Burundi Madagascar Zambia São Tomé e Príncipe Seychelles Rwanda Organization Institut Universitaire de Technologie Fotso Victor Université de Dschang, Laboratoire d'ingénierie des systèmes Industriels et Environnement Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation (MINRESI), Non Conventional Energies Section (SENC) SONELGAZ, Centre de Recherche et de Développement de l Electricité et du Gaz (CREDEG) Ministry of Energy, UNIVERSITE DE LOME, Faculté Des Sciences University of Cape Town, Energy Research Centre Stellenbosch University, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies Ministry of Energy and Mines, Department of Energy for planning and promotion of Renewable Energy/Department of Rural Electrification Agence de Dévelopment de l'electrification Rurale (ADER), Rural Electrification Authority, Ministério dos Recursos Naturais Energia e Ambiente, Seychelles Energy Commission, Kigali Institute of Sciences and Technology (KIST),
1 Establishing a network of institutions AFRETEP platform, www.afretep.net 8
1 Establishing a network of institutions AFRETEP platform, www.afretep.net 9 Total African members: 158, Countries: 32
1 Establishing a network of institutions AFRETEP platform, www.afretep.net 10 Total not African members: 92
1 Establishing a network of institutions AFRETEP platform, www.afretep.net 11
2 Scientific and technological knowledge sharing. Increase cooperation. 12 Capacity building of African researchers and students: Training, visiting scientists, workshops, Publishing articles in peer reviewed journals.
European Solar Testing Installation 13 European reference lab for PV performance ISO 17025 accreditation, with full traceability to SI units and best-in-class uncertainty levels http://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/esti Facilities: 6 indoor solar simulators for performance evaluation of cells and modules 2 climatic chambers for lifetime testing Outdoor test field, including tracking systems, buildingintegrated PV and meteo tower PV-GIS solar resource analysis tool
14 2 Scientific and technological knowledge sharing. Increase cooperation. Workshops: 1 st regional AFRETEP workshop Uganda 34 Senior researcher/ academics in energy October 3 rd -10 th 2011 Develop Capacity in RES with the focus on Solar energy and laboratory 2 nd regional AFRETEP workshop Burkina Faso 34 Senior researcher/ academics in energy November 7 th -11 th 2011 Develop Capacity in RES with the focus on Bioenergy resources 3 rd regional AFRETEP workshop South Africa 34 Senior researcher/ academics in energy End of January 2011 Develop Capacity in RES with the focus on policy development - More than 100 applicants for 1 st WS, 17 countries. - Call for the 2 nd WS already open.
3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. 15 Gather high quality renewable energy resource geographical information in Africa (solar, wind, hydro, biomass, geothermal) and make it accessible via AFRETEP website. Develop a consolidated technical and socio-economic base for assessing rural electrification projects
3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. Resource maps (solar, wind, biomass, electricity transmission network ) Existing energy planning tools New methodologies 16 Social/Demographic data (demand distribution, consumption pattern, level of service, willingness to pay, etc.) Technical data (configuration, sizing, performance, etc.) Economic data (discount rate, costs, O&M, etc.) Decision support system tool Database of geographical datasets. WEB interface, easy to use. Allow input from the user. Continental scale. Compare different technological. options for rural electrification. Scenarios.
17 3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification.
18 3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. How much energy could be economically supplied by using renewables? PV minigrid, diesel minigrid and grid extension. Continental scale. Simple cash flow model. How much the electricity would cost?
19 3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. Data compilation All the data you could provide us with, would be really valuable for the project and the community!
20 3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. Sources PV minigrid electricity cost Results PVGIS solar radiation database (daily data 2002-2004). Assumptions System must not run out of energy more than 5% of the days. Daily energy consumption pattern: 1/3 daytime and 2/3 evening and night. PV array size 15kWp; battery depends on location. Total system looses: 30%. Lifetime: 20 years PV modules and 5 years batteries. Investment costs: 2.5 /Wp + 40% installation; 1.5 /Ah. O&M: 1200 /year. Discount rate: 5%.
21 3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. Sources Diesel mini-grid electricity cost Results 2008 diesel prices database. Accessibility map. Assumptions Transport cost per liter Transport cost per kwh Generation and transport cost per kwh, including labour, capital cost, maintenance and amortization.
3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. PV vs. Diesel Results 22 Importance of the role played by fuel taxation policies in PV competitiveness in each country.
3 Support sustainable energy planning for rural electrification. Ability/willingness to pay 23 Importance of financial mechanisms that could reduce the burden of rural population on paying for the improvement in energy services. Population of the area [M.] Cheapest technology <0.25 <0.30 None 60.6 34.7 PV 9.7 26.3 Diesel 4.9 5.4 Both 0.2 9.1
http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/6/3/034002 24
25 Remarks: AFRETEP welcomes more members and partners. AFRETEP regional workshops:3 rd Southern Africa Region. Visit www.afretep.net and log in!
26 Thanks for your attention! For further information, please contact: sandor.szabo@ec.europa.eu umberto.tromboni@ec.europa.eu irene.pinedo@jrc.ec.europa.eu