FACULTY OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATION SEMESTA SEPTEMBER 2011 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM MATRICULATION NO. : 771116065996-001 IDENTITY CARD NO. : 771116-06-5996 TELEPHONE NO. : 017-9125357 E-MAIL : hasnorafzan_mohd@sne.com.my LEARNING CENTRE : PAHANG LEARNING CENTRE ~ 0 ~
TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION 3 WHAT IS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 4 HOW MIS CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE DEX s HIGHWAY INTEGRATED DATA FROM COMPANY S SOSIAL NETWORKING TOOLS INTO MIS 5 8 CONCLUSION 9 REFERENCE 10 1
A PROPOSAL REPORT HOW MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE DEX S HIGHWAY MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE BY: HASNORAFZAN MANAGER MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM DIMENSI EXPRESSWAY BERHAD 2
INTRODUCTION Dimensi Expressway Berhad (Lebuhraya Dimensi Berhad) or more popular known as DEX is the concession company in charge of managing one of the main highways in Klang Valley which connects Sepang, Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. DEX is the toll concessionaire entrusted by the Government to provide highway-related services to commuters and be the connecting gateway for the surrounding communities in Sepang, Selangor & Kuala Lumpur. Incorporated on 16 November 2002 to provide Malaysian road users with highways and related services of the highest quality, we have since established ourselves as part of the country s industrial blueprint of the future. Driven by excellence in execution, we undertook the design, construction, maintenance and operation of the privatized section of the Federal Route 1, namely the Shah Alam - Kuchai Highway. Our successful endeavour has enabled road users to minimize their travel time to a mere 15 minutes on the four-lane dual carriageway. Today, DEX has an authorized and paid-up capital of RM50 million respectively. Built on a foundation of reputation, integrity, dedication, expertise and quality, we aspire to be a nation-building partner and fulfil our role in achieving the development goals of the country. Our success, increasing efficiency and competitiveness in the industry lies fundamentally in our ability to draw from the broad-based expertise provided by the coming together of all our investors in this unique company structure. This synergistic partnership coupled with cutting-edge technology is key to our progress and status as a capable, reliable and highway operator par excellence. DEX has committed to comply with the requirements of ISO 9001:2008 Standards and will continually improve the Quality Management System through development and innovation in order to fulfill our customers needs and expectations. The following objectives have been formulated and to be accomplished for the financial year 2010/2011. The objectives are: To achieve forecasted Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) growth of 12% 3
To attain a score of 82% on the Survey on Service and Facilities rendered to road users, coordinated by Malaysian Highway Authority (MHA) To attain a score of 75% on the Analysis of Concessionaires Performance in Maintenance of Highway by Malaysian Highway Authority (MHA) To achieve the yearly operating and maintenance expenses of not more than 13% against the company s total annual revenue To ensure smooth, convenient and safe passages for our highway users through:- o Achieve an emergency response time of not more than 13 minutes (including peak hours) o Achieve a Toll Collector through-put of 15 vehicles in 2 minutes (15 vehicles / 2 minutes) To achieve a minimum of 8 man hours training per year to each staff WHAT IS MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS) Management information system (MIS) was preparation of information need to manage efficiently and effectively organizations. Management's information systems involving three main source namely people, technology, and information. Different management information system from other information systems in that they was used for operational activity analysis in the organization. Common term used to consult information management methods group binding for automation or human decision making support, for example decision back-up systems, expert system, and executive information systems According to Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane Price Laudon in their book Management Information Systems: A Contemporary Perspective, an information system is "a set of procedures that collects (or retrieves), processes, stores, and disseminates information to 4
support decision making and control." In most cases, information systems are formal, computerbased systems that play an integral role in organizations. Although information systems are computerbased, it is important to note that any old computer or software program is not necessarily an information system. "Electronic computers and related software programs are the technical foundation, the tools and materials, of modern information systems," Laudon and Laudon wrote. "Understanding information systems, however, requires one to understand the problems they are designed to solve, the architectural and design solutions, and the organizational processes that lead to these solutions." Though it is sometimes applied to all types of information systems used in businesses, the term "management information systems," or MIS, actually describes specific systems that "provide managers with reports and, in some cases, on-line access to the organization's current performance and historical records," Laudon and Laudon noted. "MIS primarily serve the functions of planning, controlling, and decision making at the management level." MIS are one of a number of different types of information systems that can serve the needs of different levels in an organization. For example, information systems might be developed to support upper management in planning the company's strategic direction or to help manufacturing in controlling a plant's operations. Some of the other types of information systems include: transaction processing systems, which simply record the routine transactions needed to conduct business, like payroll, shipping, or sales orders; and office automation systems, which are intended to increase the productivity of office workers and include such systems as word processing, electronic mail, and digital filing. Ideally, the various types of information systems in an organization are interconnected to allow for information sharing. HOW MIS CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE DEX S HIGHWAY The challenge for managers of highway organizations is to establish the most cost-effective program possible and to carry it out in the most efficient method possible. With the growth of economy and national land development, the role of national highway as national infrastructure has become more important by the increase of exchange of goods and transportation. As a result, the total expenditure of maintenance management is continuously increasing. Therefore, 5
more comprehensive and systematic highway management plan is needed to ensure the convenience of highway users and improvement of road safety. Due to the sheer size of the road network and the number of features that must be cared for; plus the varying age and physical conditions, and limited funds, highway managers are faced with problems that can no longer be solved with intuitive approaches. A systematic approach, based on sound management and engineering principles, is needed to determine the most cost-effective improvement programs and maintenance programs and to maximize the use of available funds. To help alleviate some of these problems, several management systems h have been developed for use in highway organizations. These include Pavement Management Systems (PMS), Bridge Management Systems (BMS) and Maintenance Management Systems (MMS). CCTV CCTV is a video subsystem that provides direct images of cameras located along highways and monitoring equipment in the Traffic Operations Centre (TOC). Features such as zoom, pan, and tilt are achieved through the use of a camera control unit located in the TOC and at each camera location. Camera control signals are sent over high-speed communication subsystem. The main purpose of CCTV is to confirm the events and facilitates the management of the incident. CCTV camera is usually mounted on 15 m poles at about 1 km apart along the highway. CCTV can also be installed at the point of view of the above high-rise buildings to provide coverage of areas larger. CCTV should provide nearly 100% coverage of video toll monitored continuously. The advantage of using this system is the information received from the camera closed circuit television (CCTV) is used to verify the information received and provide information about local conditions that affect the flow of traffic. Apart from the offpeak period, or the traffic lights, CCTV may be the most effective way to detect events for traffic flow may be slow enough to be noted as a problem of vehicle detection subsystem. 6
COMPASS 401 HIGHWAY SYSTEMS Function is used to provide information to road users by referring to real collectors or diversion, diverts, and connects the highway, to advise motorists of adverse traffic conditions ahead. Display a sign face consists of 2 full-matrix graphic panel with one at each end plus three rows of the matrix in the middle. CMS messages are governed by three lines and 25 characters per line limit. Number of characters will be reduced by 5 for each panel of the graphic symbol is activated. The advantage of using this system is the computer system will use data to monitor traffic patterns and identify the incidence of this traffic and facilitate monitoring. VEHICLE DETECTOR STATIONS Vehicle detector stations are the main elements that are practical for all highways free of traffic management systems. Inductive loop detectors that are used in traffic management system on the highways are free because of their reliability in the measurement data as well as flexibility in design. The main function of this VDS is to detect the entry of vehicles on the routes and highways. Data collected on vehicle detector stations will be processed by a microprocessor (Advanced Traffic Controller), which is located next to the highway. This data will then be processed where the data consists of traffic volumes, vehicle speed, lodging, and vehicle information. This information will then be sent at regular polling intervals for Computer Systems Center, located in the Traffic Operations Center via the communications subsystem. The advantage of using this system are computer system can be used to monitor traffic patterns and identify traffic incidents and directly measure the volume of traffic and vehicle information 7
COMPASS NUCLEUS COMPUTER SYSTEM Their main functions are to collect information, calculate the parameters, make decisions, and direction of the output control. Decision support for operators COMPASS. Implement automated manifest system operation and minimal human intervention. System performance report in printed form for permanent record and in the form of display to allow interaction with the system operator. Control the various systems, including signing and ramp metering rates, with the switch on, off, or select the tools, based on control and decision logic programmed into the computer and retain and store a history of traffic data in different time intervals estimated 20 second, 5 minutes, 15 minutes, every hour, and daily. The advantage of using this system is a computer system FTMS contain programs that can coordinate and handle all communications, including subsystem Vehicle Detection Stations (VDS), Subsystem Messages (CMS), and Color Graphics program. traffic and identify traffic incidents and directly measure the volume of traffic and vehicle information INTEGRATE DATA FROM COMPANY S SOCIAL NETWORKING TOOLS INTO MIS HIGHWAY MANAGEMENT AND MAINTENANCE The use of Internet technologies to link together users of the Internet who have common interests. Typical technologies that are used in social networking include Wikis, blogs, instant messaging and podcasts. A good example of a social networking Web site is Facebook. Compelled by the increasing business value of social-networking websites such as Twitter and Facebook, enterprises want quick and easy ways to integrate social networks into their business processes. 8
Users of social networking site will have the opportunity to use the services provided by DEX faster, easy and economical as well as DEX will be able to overcome the weakness of their system, because often the user will provide comments on the problem information can be delivered more quickly and cheaply To create and monitor standards for quality performance CONCLUSION Generally, infrastructure engineers and planners encounter problems when they engage in planning for operations in both long term and short term projects. In order to make a successful decision, it is the most important concern to apply efficient and effective process of how different objectives, facilities and functions are evaluated. In addition, they need to think properly how measures of value or worth are placed on the various alternatives (Li and Sinha, 2004). The main objective of a decision-making process is to maximize the benefits as well as minimize the cost. As highway management system includes various facilities, objectives and functions having different measurement scales, the benefits under different dimensions are measured into different units that make the decision-making process more complex. To diminish this complexity, all the units of benefits are needed to convert into a non-dimensional uniform unit so that decision-making action can be implemented under same platform (Li and Sinha, 2004). At present, infrastructure maintenance and rehabilitation decision-making for both network and project level is based on current measured and future predicted facilities conditions (Madanat et al., 1997). However decision-making in highway management is a complex process due to limited budget constraint and multiple criteria of influencing factors. In Thailand, there are still some decision-making processes of highway management. It needs to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of those processes whether all objectives are fulfilled or some objectives are violated. Although, highway management system consists of several operational functions, maintenance is the most important function for highway management system where 9
necessary infrastructures have already been constructed. In addition, highway management system includes various objectives such as service, condition, cost, safety, socioeconomic factors, energy etc. So, it is required to know the amount of their influences in decisionmaking. For this reason, weighting factors of all objectives should be identified so that they can be easily used in any calculation of decision-making. Moreover, objectives are influenced by some performance indicators such as ADT, lane width, shoulder width, travel speed, skid resistance for safety, IRI for condition, population for socioeconomic demand etc. Therefore, to develop the utility function, those performance indicators and their influences are required to know. If utility function and weighting factor of each individual are identified, function would give a non-dimensional unit. After accumulating all the utility functions, it might be easy to rank them for making a decision. If a decision-making process concerns all the criteria, it would be efficient and effective for any management system. In addition to this utility function, weighting factors of individual objectives in different facilities provides a non-dimensional output so that planners or decision makers can use those functions for decision-making about a suitable action in highway management system. REFERENCES Management Information System, Terence Lucey Framework for a National Database System for Maintenance Action On Highway, by George Hearn, National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, United States. Federal Highway Administration Highway Maintenance Handbook, By Ken Atkinson 10