Metal and Non Metals
Malleable Ductile Sonorous Conductor Insulator KEYWORDS Rusting Brass Calcium Chloride Galvanising Reactivity
Metals on the Periodic table Metals Non Metals
Metals and their properties Aluminium is light, strong and used to make aircraft. Copper is brown, a good electrical conductor and stretches easily. Used in electrical wiring.
Conduct Electricity High density High melting point Malleable Sonorous Shiny (lustrous) Physical properties of metals Conduct heat Ductile Hard and Strong
Physical properties of Metals Malleable: can be hammered into shape Ductile: can be stretched into wire (copper) Sonorous: produce a ringing sound when struck
Physical properties of Metals Shiny: Conduct heat: Conduct electricity:
Metals are good conductors of electricity
Some Exceptions Alkali metals (group 1) are soft with low densities. Mercury is liquid at room temperature.
Properties of Non Metals Usually liquids or gases Brittle (when solid) Low melting point Poor electrical conductors Poor heat conductors
Examples of Non metals
Exceptions of Non metal properties Carbon is a good conductor of electricity in the form of graphite. Carbon in the form of diamond is extremely hard with a high melting point.
Diamond Drill bit (very hard)
Video on Diamonds and Gold Diamond Mining in Sierra Leone YouTube Raw Video: 507 Carat Diamond Found in S. Africa YouTube Gold Divers - By The Numbers - YouTube
It is a mixture of metals. What is an alloys? NOTE: some metals are more useful when mixed with other metals. Example: pure iron is quite brittle. Iron mixed with carbon to produced steel. Steel is much stronger and harder than iron.
Examples of Alloys Alloy Composition Use Brass Copper + Zinc Muscial instruments Ornaments Bronze Copper + tin Statues
Examples of Alloys Alloy Composition Use Stainless steel Iron + nickel + chromium Knives, sinks New York Philharmonic Principal Brass Quintet play the UWS Apple Store - YouTube
Corrosion of Metals Rusting: the corrosion of metals Metals react with air and water which causes them to corrode (rust) Exceptions: gold and silver are very unreactive and remain shiny all the time.
Rusting Iron reacts with water and oxygen to form iron oxide (rust). Iron + Oxygen Iron Oxide
Video on Rusting Rusting of Iron - Elementary Science - YouTube
To demonstrate rusting In order for rusting to occur, water and oxygen must be present.
To demonstrate rusting
To demonstrate rusting
To demonstrate rusting
Methods to Prevent Rusting 1) Painting 2) Galvanising (coat with zinc) Removing Work from a Hot Dip Galvanizing Kettle - YouTube
Methods to prevent rusting 3) Greasing (coat with grease or oil)
Reactivities of metals Some metals want to lose electrons to have a full outer (very reactive). The metals in group 1 of the periodic table are the most reactive as they have only one electron on their outer shell.
To show that some metals are more reactive than others:
To compare the reactivity of metals with water Calcium is the most reactive metal of all four.
To compare the reactivity of four metals with dilute acid. Hydrogen gas given off Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Calcium produces most bubbles, copper produces no bubbles. Calcium is most reactive and copper is not reactive at all
Video Ca,Zn,Cu+HCl.mpg YouTube Metals with HCl - YouTube
Metals in decreasing order of rectivity Calcium Increasing Reactivity Magnesium Decreasing Reactivity Zinc Copper
Metals in decreasing order of rectivity Decreasing reactivity: Calcium ---- Magnesium ---- Zinc ---- Copper Increasing reactivity: Copper ---- Zinc ---- Magnesium ---- Calcium
Exam Questions
Poster Project Where is the metal found? What are the properties of that metal? What it is used for? Is it used in an alloy? Images of metal Draw the bohr structure of your metal? Is your metal reactive?