Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking - Priority Research, Technological evelopment and emonstration Topics 2008-2013 1. List of research activities The list of research activities constitutes an important and valuable input for preparing the Annual Implementation Plans (AIPs) and the annual calls for proposals of the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking (). However, while it is indicative in the planning of calls for proposals, it is not binding to the Governing Board in deciding the topics for each call. T - Transportation & Refuelling Infrastructure No. Topic T01 T02 T03 T04 T05 Road vehicle large scale demonstration including refuelling infrastructure European fuel cell stack including concerted action torage compressed gaseous H2 Periphery - air supply module New catalysts and membrane electrode assemblies (EA) Cat Rationale Large-scale demonstration of second-generation fuel cell vehicle fleets with improved durability, robustness, reliability and efficiency to prove application readiness of the technology; demonstrate feasibility of infrastructure for safe everyday use by the general public; provide extended operating experience and awareness to customers and the public; provide a data base for the assessment of the economics and environmental benefits associated with the commercial introduction of fc vehicles and infrastructure. evelopment of a European cluster of industry and research for the establishment of a European transportation stack industry based on a joint technology road map, combined research and development activities and industrial system integration and manufacturing to close the competitive gap with Japan and the U. Lead and coordination with T05, T06 and T08. evelopment of hydrogen on- and off-board storage technology to allow for the application readiness of 700 bar storage technology and to address the associated functional performance as a key element of Activity T01. evelopment of air supply systems to further improve system performance, efficiency and robustness, assess improved architectures and alternative concepts. Research and development of catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells- to further reduce the use of platinum in EAs, increase performance and electrochemical stability of the catalyst, identify potential, alternative low-cost catalysts observing suitable high quality manufacturing processes. Coordination with T02 required. * 9m XXL 8.0m 6.0m 4.0m
No. Topic T06 T07 New membranes including for higher temperatures Investigation of degradation phenomena T08 New bipolar plates T09 T10 Components for hydrogen refuelling stations Fuel cell systems for H2-fuelled airborne platforms Cat Rationale T11 torage cryogenic H2 T12 Rail Propulsion T13 T14 T15 T16 Periphery H2 tank system & conditioning components Auxiliary Power Units (APU) for rail and maritime application H2-Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) PNR on composite storage T17 PNR on fuel quality Research and development of membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells to reduce humidification requirements, improve mechanical stability and increase operating temperature under observation of suitable high quality manufacturing processes, thereby enhancing robustness and life time to allow for further simplification of system architectures. Coordination with T02 required. Research and development on critical system operating parameters and conditions to establish a solid methodology and develop tools for safe life-time assessments and help improve system and vehicle operating strategies. Coordination with T02 required. Research and development on bipolar plates for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells in order to increase corrosion resistance, ensure high quality manufacturability and reduce weight, volume and cost, thereby producing the target power density for automotive application. Coordination with T02 required. evelopment on hydrogen refuelling station components in order to ensure application readiness for large-scale, realuse market introduction by developing and building integrated modular systems based on an OE approach. Proof of concept demonstration for onboard power generation in aeroplanes addressing critical application needs e.g. increased efficiency of onboard power generation, onboard water production and ground taxiing to reduce local CO2 emissions and substantially lower fuel consumption. Research and technological development on cryogenic storage as an alternative technology to store 10 kg hydrogen onboard cars with 700bar CGH2 being the benchmark technology to be surpassed. Proof of concept demonstration for fuel cell propulsion systems in commuter trains, rail cars and city trains to reduce local emissions, drastically cutting the cost of infrastructure for new routes and thus increasing the flexibility of the commuter system. evelopment on hydrogen storage and conditioning components of refuelling stations to further improve energy efficiency, robustness, functionality and safety. Proof of concept demonstration of APUs for onboard power generation in maritime applications to substantially enhance efficiency, reduce fuel consumption and local CO2 emissions including a preparation study for extended demonstration with next-generation technology, including 20% R&T on dedicated systems and components with focus on fuel processing. evelopment on hydrogen ICE to reduce local emissions and support the establishment of a hydrogen infrastructure. Pre-normative research on design and test criteria such as ageing, pressure levels, shock resistance and failure modes for high pressure composite and solid state storage to establish production and performance standards and define safety factors. Pre-normative research on hydrogen fuel quality to prepare the data-base and determine reasonable quality requirements and standards. * 2.5m 6.0m 1.0m X Total 157.5m 2 of 11
T - upport Activities to be included in Activities T1-T16 T18 T19 PNR on fast refuelling PNR on vehicle safety T20 PNR on crash tests T21 PNR on H2 vehicles in confined spaces Pre-normative research on fast refuelling, development of protocols and standards. X Pre-normative research on vehicle safety e.g. on electric isolation testing, container integrity, leak detection, post crash leakage, fire conditions etc. Pre-normative research on crash tests for hydrogen 3.0m powered vehicles. Pre-normative research on hydrogen vehicles in confined spaces: Parking and garage requirements, repair/maintenance shops, tunnels etc. Total allocation to included upport Activities 7.0m H - Hydrogen Production & istribution No. Topic Cat Rationale H01 H02 H03 H04 H05 H06 H07 H08 Low-cost, lowtemperature, highefficiency electrolyser Fuel processing catalyst, modules & systems Gas purification technologies Biomass-to-hydrogen (BTH) thermal conversion process New generation of high temperature electrolyser High temperature thermo-electricalchemical processes for water decomposition Underground H2 storage evelopment activities on low-cost, low-temperature electrolysers to enable the use of renewable energies such as wind and PV for the production of hydrogen and demonstrate application and production readiness. Research and development for reforming technologies for hydrogen production in order to address mid-term fuelling requirements based on conventional and alternative fuels such as bio-fuels including methanol and ethanol to enable initial ramp-up of numbers of hydrogen-fuelled vehicles in the market. Lead by and coordination with H03. Research and development on gas purification technologies for hydrogen production and quality monitoring in order to address short-term fuelling requirements based on conventional and alternative fuels like bio-fuels. Coordination with H02 is required. Low-temperature H2 production processes emonstration of application readiness of BTH thermal H2 production in order to allow hydrogen production from biomass, increase well-to-wheel efficiency and contribute to a sustainable energy portfolio. Coordination with bio fuel ETP desired. Research and development on high temperature electrolysis for the large-scale use of renewable solar and nuclear energy with substantial improvement of energy-efficiency. Long-term and break-through oriented research on thermoelectrical-chemical processes based on solar, nuclear or waste heat from other processes for increased efficiency of hydrogen production, i.e. 2nd generation of hightemperature water decomposition. emonstration of technology options for underground storage and development of a strategic approach for the installation of efficient, safe and reliable large scale hydrogen storage as pre-requisite to enable the introduction of a wide spread hydrogen infrastructure. Long-term and break-through oriented research on lowtemperature, low-cost hydrogen bio- and photo-electrochemical processes in order to improve the efficiency of hydrogen production from renewable energies e.g. solar radiation, bio-feed-stocks, etc. leading among others to 2nd generation low-temperature BTH processes. 6.0m 4.0m 3.5m 2.5m 3 of 11
No. Topic Cat Rationale Long-term and break-through oriented research on olid and liquid H2 improved solid and liquid hydrogen storage options for 4.0m H09 storage increased efficiency and storage capability, i.e. 2nd generation hydrogen storage technology. emonstration of hydrogen liquefaction for large-scale Large-scale H2 hydrogen production and storage in order to establish an 2.5m H10 liquefaction efficient high volume hydrogen distribution and fuelling system. Research and development, field test and safety analysis of H2 pipeline field test H11 hydrogen pipelines as an option for a safe and efficient high & safety analysis volume hydrogen distribution system. Total 41.0m H - upport Activities to be included in Activities H1-H11 H12 PNR & RC Pre-normative research related to components/materials developed for hydrogen storage and distribution as part of H07 and H11 and if applicable H09 and RC as part of the activity No. H11, i.e. safety issues of pipe lines. Total allocation to included upport Activities 4 of 11
- tationary Power Generation & Combined Heat and Power No. Topic Cat Rationale 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 egradation & lifetime fundamentals aterials development for cells, stacks and balance of plant (BoP) Next generation stack and cell designs Controls, modelling, diagnostics Improvement of components and their interaction ystem proof of concept Validation of integrated systems readiness arket capacity build and field demonstration evelopment of application targets and technology benchmark Long-term and break-through oriented research to identify critical parameters and operating conditions for all power ranges that impact degradation and life time of cells and stacks including accelerated testing. Coordination with 02, 04, 05 and 06 required. evelopment of materials to improve performance in terms of higher lifetime and lower degradation as well as mechanical, thermal and electro-chemical stability of single cells stacks and BoP components including consideration of high quality manufacturability. Coordination with 01 required. Long-term and break-through oriented research on novel architectures for cell and stack design to provide step change improvements over existing technology in terms of performance, endurance, robustness and cost targets for relevant applications. Research and development to establish a scientific methodology including tools, controls and diagnostics for a.) Reliable degradation and lifetime prediction of cells and stacks and b.) Robust control and operation of complete fuel cell systems. Research and development to improve a.) The performance of all individual components of the fuel cell system including FC-unit, reformer, heat exchangers, fuel management and power electronics and b.) The understanding and optimization of interaction between components and mature stacks to meet application relevant functional performance criteria, including durability, target cost and developing the supply chain. Research and development to achieve proof - of - concept fuel cell systems to develop and optimize system interaction with a.) upply and demand interfaces including other power generation devices and cooling/heating systems and b.) With the infrastructure, i.e. grid interface, fuel supply and local power output. evelopment of fully integrated systems to provide validation of system readiness in simulated application environments of typical lead applications. Economic manufacturing capability needs to be proven ensuring quality and cost targets are met. Relevant scale field demonstration of proven systems in real end user environment to demonstrate fit for purpose technical system performance and extended operation experience. ystems shall be suited for scale manufacturing including supply chain to enable market growth. evelopment of specific technical and economic operation targets and benchmarking of technology specific contributions to reaching them based on a Pan-European assessment of a.) mall and micro applications and b.) Commercial and industrial applications. The analysis shall identify actions for the consolidation and acceleration of research activities based on the comparison of competing technologies. 10.0m L 10.0m 14.0m L 35.0m XL 28.0m XL 27.0m XL 38.0m XL Total 167.5m 5 of 11
- upport Activities to be included in Activities 1-8 10 11 PNR on H2 devices for residential CHP PNR on industrial H2 systems Pre-normative research on power grid integration and management of fuel cells for residential CHP application. Pre-normative research on power grid integration and management of commercial and industrial fuel cells. Total allocation to included upport Activities 3.0m 6 of 11
E - Early arkets No. Topic Cat Rationale E01 E02 E03 E04 E05 E06 E07 E08 E09 emonstration of off-highway vehicles including refuelling infrastructure emonstration of portable generators, back-up and UP power systems Fuel supply concepts for portable and micro FCs urability of micro FCs under typical operating conditions emonstration of portable and micro FCs for various applications iniaturised BoP for special devices emonstrate application readiness of stationary FCs anufacturing, assembly and testing for micro FCs Feasibility of a small power system platform emonstration of industrial application readiness of fuel cell systems for off-highway vehicles including hydrogen refuelling infrastructure to address critical application requirements with regard to sustainability, efficiency and logistic effort, thereby creating market pull for other offhighway vehicle applications. 17.0m L emonstration of application readiness with regard to cost competitiveness, run times, logistics and reliability of 14.0m portable generators, back-up and UP-systems in real use in L order to achieve market break-through. Research and development to identify lead applications, assess fuelling needs and options for fuel supply of portable and micro fuel cells, hydrogen and non hydrogen; develop a strategic approach including the associated logistical and distribution requirements. evelopment activities to achieve application readiness of micro fuel cells for portable applications matching extended run times, power density requirements and sustainability criteria. emonstration of application readiness and improvement of portable and micro fuel cells for various use in education, industrial tools, recreational, military, sub-micro CHP etc. in order to provide awareness and attract additional niche applications. Coordination with E04 for micro FCs. evelopment of miniaturized balance of plant for analytical or medical devices in order to achieve the required power density, prove the capability to operate with different fuels and meet target cost. Research and technological development to provide and demonstrate application readiness of stationary-type fuel cells in typical power ranges between 2 10 kw with regard to life time, efficiency and robustness. Coordination with 02, 05 and 06 required. Research and development on high quality production methods and processes for micro fuel cells in order to develop and implement reliable production methods and appropriate quality standards. tudy to assess the feasibility of joint small power system module as common platform based on identified lead applications to reduce fragmentation of research activities, accelerate development by combining forces and remove relative investment barriers for small and micro enterprises. 3.0m 2.5m 14.0m L 4.0m 1.0m 1.0m X Total 58.0m 7 of 11
E - upport Activities to be included in Activities E1-E11 E10 PNR & RC in-door use of FCs Pre-normative research and RC on safe in-door use of fuel cells to develop methodologies and procedures for safe indoor use of fuel cells, including noise, emissions, safety and electrical codes. E11 E promotion evelopment of early demand stimulation schemes with focus on strategic procurement by public institutions, cities or regions. eployment support actions to enable market entry and early sales for Es by product supply financing, e.g. creation of buyer pools, building of early rental/lease fleets, etc. and support to interfacing with relevant institutions. Additional support to cover regional and/or national demo financing deficiencies and facilitate early deployment of Es by creating beneficial frameworks. Total allocation to included upport Activities 6.5m 8 of 11
C - pecific Cross Cutting Activities No. Topic Cat Rationale C01 C02 C03 C04 ocio-economic planning phase 1: ata & result consolidation ocio economic planning phase 2: Pathways and impact Technology onitoring Assessment - framework and development action Technology onitoring Assessment - Execution C05 ustainability assessment software C06 C07 C08 C09 Impact assessment of hydrogen based economy E promotion: upply chain Educational action with other programs Educational action for specific target groups C10 Public Awareness C11 Assessment of financial instruments C12 Recycling Technologies ocio economic planning activity to consolidate relevant results for the of EC co-financed projects such as e.g. HyWays, HyLights, Roads2HyCom, ERANET HyCo and others, as well as to identify the needs and scope of future socio economic activities. ocio economic planning - phase 2 - macro economic impact analysis to assess and review the activities, develop strategic pathways and provide information to politicians, industry and investors, including support for regional and community development plans and tools. tudy to develop a program level tool and framework for assessing the progress towards achieving both objectives and vis-à-vis major external developments including regular technology monitoring and assessment. Activity needs to observe and include as appropriate results of previous activities such as EUCAR-Concawe, JRC well-towheel analysis and HyLights. Implementation of technology monitoring assessment tools, establishment of data base, identification and execution of required assessments including on alternative or competing technologies and dissemination of results to stakeholders. evelopment or adaptation of existing open source software for the sustainability assessment of hydrogen technologies based on life cycle approach for use within the. tudy to assess and forecast the potential impact and consequences on climate change of hydrogen based economy and provide scientific data to support of policy decisions. Identification and establishment of frameworks and schemes to support optimal product and component properties, facilitate testing and certification with the proper institutional support as well as development of the required competences and service networks. Educational action for the development of specific technology related training initiatives through all educational levels in cooperation with other programs such as Leonardo in order to secure the required mid- and longterm human resource base. Educational action for the training of specific target groups such as local, regional or national regulators (code officials) and technical project managers to broaden the knowledge base disseminate project results and expand the group of related stakeholders. Establishment of the European Hydrogen Week as annual stakeholder and educational event for broad stakeholder involvement and dissemination of program results including technical sessions, press events, exhibitions etc. Regular analysis of additional funding opportunities for mature technologies or other relevant actions to receive support under structural or other non funds. Research and technological development on the recycling and end-of-life treatment of materials and components related to the production and use of hydrogen and fuel cell based technologies based on an initial study identifying the technology and application specific requirements. X X 1.0m X 3.5m 4.0m X X 4.0m 9 of 11
No. Topic Cat Rationale C13 C14 International ocioeconomic and Policy evaluation E promotion: Outreach program & presentation platform EU-U bilateral cooperation to addressing the early transition phase towards fuel cells and hydrogen in relation to infrastructure, technology and policy options. Coordination with C01, 02, 03, 04 required. evelopment of a market and finance outreach program to produce and make available information to Es and develop a presentation platform aimed at investors and major OEs. 1.0 X X C15 Other activities 3.0m Total 26.0m Total allocation to upport Activities - see Application Areas T, H, and E: 18.0m All upport Activities Total 44.0 m *ize categories of AIP topics: ize tag Centre m Range m X 0.5 0 1 2.5 1 4 7 4 10 L 15 10 20 XL 30 20 40 XXL 100 80 120 10 of 11
2. Prioritisation scheme The table below provides the prioritisation criteria for the selection of research activities as referenced in section 3.3 of the AIP, their weights and score values including explanations how to apply them: Level Weight* core Values 0-3 escription/rational Political criteria max 27 1. Environmental Goals Total ax 21 2. Energy-ecurity Total ax 6 1.0 European 20-20-20 targets" for 2020: RE - 20% renewable penetration CO2-20% reduction of CO2 emissions EE - 20% gain in energy efficiency In addition - reduction of local emission Improvement of the energy security i.e. secure and affordable energy availability Technical criteria max 27 3. EU competitiveness Total ax 21 4. Critical cost reduction Total ax 6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5 0.5 1.0 1. Relevant European participation in demo 2. European clusters to achieve critical mass 3. World class technologies by collaboration 4. Critical IPR 5. European RC to remove market barriers 6. European schemes to motivate & stimulate markets 7. Common tools for education, dissemination 8. Facilitate the interaction between research and industry Activities, which are required to achieve critical cost reduction core Value 0 1 2 3 e.g. for reduce 20% CO2 in 2020: for all initiatives that are not directly involved in the production of hydrogen, or for initiatives that are beyond 2020 to deliver for all initiatives that help to improve energy efficiency like fuel cell stack for all activities that directly help to reduce CO2 i.e. sustainable H2 production, but do not have a large potential for all activities that directly help to reduce CO2 and have a large potential weight *5 weight groups: highly critical 1.5 critical 1.0 important 0.5 relevant 0.0 irrelevant The scoring has been documented and filed per Application Area and individual topic and is hence accessible for future assessments and reviews of the list of topics. 11 of 11