PRE-FEASIBILITY REPORT FOR M/S HIMALAYA ALKALIES & CHEMICALS LTD (Formerly SNJ Chemex (P) Limited) Mauza Johron, Kala Amb, Tehsil Nahan, District Sirmaur, Himanchal Pradesh 1
INDEX Chapters Page No. Form-I PROJECT AT A GLANCE 4 1. INTRODUCTION 6 2. PROFILE OF THE COMPANY & PROMOTERS 8 3. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 9 3.1 State 9 3.2 District 10 3.3 Project Site 11 3.4 Climate 14 3.5 Cloudiness 14 3.6 Winds 14 3.7 Drainage 14 3.8 Land Use 15 3.9 Forest 15 3.10 Flora & Fauna 16 3.11 Demography & Socio-economics 16 3.12 Environment Study Area 17 4. PROJECT DESCIRPTION 18 4.1 General 18 4.2 Raw Material 18 4.3 Finished Products 19 4.4 Installed Capacity 21 4.5 Manufacturing Process 22 4.6 Facilities at the Plant 24 4.7 Power 24 4.8 Water Supply 20 4.9 Manpower 20 4.10 Waste Handling 26 4.11 Pollution Control Measures 26 5. ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT 29 2
5.1 Present Environment 29 5.2 Probable Impact on Environment 29 5.3 Development Stage 29 5.4 Operational State 31 6. ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 33 6.1 General 33 6.2 Air Environment 33 6.3 Water Environment 34 6.4 Land Environment 34 6.5 Solid Waste 34 6.6 Noise Environment 34 6.7 Green Belt 35 7. EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES 36 LIST OF FIGURES: 3.1 Key Plan 12 3.2 Location on Google 13 4.1 Water Balance 25 LIST OF TABLES: 3.1 Demographic Statistics 16 4.1 Plant Site & Location 20 3
PROJECT AT A GLANCE Name of Project Type of Project Location Product By-product Capacity (MTA) : Himalaya Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd. ( Formerly SNJ Chemex (P) Limited) : Chlor Alkali (Chemical Manufacturing) : Mauza Johran,Kala Amb, Tehsil Nahan, District- Sirmaur (HP) : Caustic Soda, Chlorine, Hydrogen gas : Hydrochloric Acid, CPW, SBP, Sodium Hypo chloride) : Product: CAUSTIC SODA CHLORINE HYDROGEN GAS (NM 3 ) By Products: CHLORINATED PARAFFIN WAX STABLE BLEACHING POWDER HYDROCHLORIC ACID (SYN) 32% HYDROCHLORIC ACID ( CPW) 32% SODIUM HYPO 1,40,000 MTPA 1,26,000 MTPA 39,34,0000 MTPA 35000 MTPA 5250 MTPA 1,25,000 MTPA 70,000 MTPA 12,600 MTPA Cost of the Project Total Land Power Requirement Source of power Source of Water Supply : 300 Cr. : 1, 15,000 sqm : 42 MW : From HPSPCL : Own Tube-well Consumption of Water : Domestic = 20.0 KLD Cooling = 200.0 KLD Boiler = 180.0 KLD Process = 1000.0 KLD Total = 1400.0 KLD 4
Effluent Quantity : Domestic = 15 m 3 /day Cooling = Recirculation Boiler Blow down = 20 KLD Process = 200 KLD (Reuse) Effluent treatment : Domestic, Boiler blow down, cooling tower rejection- Treated through STP and used on land for plantation & landscaping With-in the premises. Process- Ultra filtration (reuse) Air Pollution Control : Hypo Tower: Caustic Scrubber Boiler : Cyclone, wet Scrubber Solid Waste : 18.0 ton/day 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION Human environment can be defined as the interaction of the surroundings in which he lives. Thus, the air he breathes, the water he drinks, the temperature in which he survives and in fact all other items which have a direct bearing on human existence can be classified as environment. Usually the most important and universally accepted components of this complex system are the land, which gives him food, the water bodies which satisfy his thirst and the atmosphere which provides him air to breath. Any imbalance in any of these has a direct detrimental effect on the physical and mental health of man. Today one hears of contamination of the atmosphere due to nuclear mishaps, pollution of land due to nuclear fallout and fouling natural waters by indiscriminate waste discharge by industries. The rapid deterioration of environment has not only jolted the developed and developing countries in action, but sounded a clear warning bell for the underdeveloped countries as well. The message is clear Either preserve the environment and prosper or pollute it and perish. Earlier, the assessment of the projects was done on Technical feasibility reports and Cost-Benefit-Ratio which mainly considered financial & technical resources. But no consideration was given to the environment protection in this evaluation and these flaws became apparent with continuous deterioration of environment. Thus in order to have more realistic evaluation, and keeping in view the deteriorating conditions, another dimension was added which is now called as Environmental Impact Assessment (E.I.A.). This forms an integral part of the project and is taken into account while appraising the project at different stages. Thus in the new comprehensive approach all considerations like, Technical, Financial & Environmental are given due weightage. 6
M/S HIMALAYA ALKALIES & CHEMICALS LTD (Formerly SNJ Chemex (P) Limited) have its corporate office at 314, PP Tower, Netaji Subhash Place, Pitampura, New Delhi, is formed to setup its new unit in Himachal Pradesh. The promoters with its group companies are engaged in the area of manufacturing and marketing of chemicals. The company started some 25 years back with the manufacturing of CPW and gradually developed to become the leading company for the production of CPW in the country. Their group is one of the biggest consumers of chlorine in its manufacturing facilities at various locations at Haryana, Punjab & West Bengal. To keep pace with growth of the company, the management has planned to further diversify the business into manufacturing of basic chemicals i.e. Caustic soda. This will not only reduce their dependency on other suppliers of Chlorine but it will also help to consolidate its production centres at one place. The company proposes to set up 400 MT per day capacity plant The plant will be located in village Johran, Kala Amb, Tehsil Nahan in Dist. Sirmaur in the state of Himanchal Pradesh. The availability of uninterrupted power supply at competitive rate comparatively with its neighboring states to make an edge over other manufacturers in the northern India. The company will use environment friendly, fuel efficient and state of the art technology for the production of caustic soda. The project will take approximately 18 months to complete, after the approval from statutory authorities for necessary environmental clearance. 7
2. PROFILE OF THE COMPANY & PROMOTORS M/S HIMALAYA ALKALIES & CHEMICALS LTD (Formerly SNJ Chemex (P) Limited) is a Limited Company. The Directors of the company are as under: 1. Sh. S.S. Dahiya 2. Mr. J.S. Ahlawat 3. Mr. S.C. Chopra 4. Mr. A.K. Upadhyay Sh. S.S. Dahiya: He is the Director of the Company. He is a Graduate in Civil Engineer and having vast experience of over 20 years in chemical industries and trades including chemicals. Mr. J.S. Ahlawat: He is also Director of the Company. He is also a Graduate in Civil Engineer and having experience of about 20 years in chemical industries. Mr. S.C. Chopra: Ex. Bank official, good exposure to financial matter. Mr. A.K. Upadhyay: He is chemical engineer, Ex Managing Director Durgapur Chemicals Limited (Govt. West Bengal Enterprises) from 1999-2010. He has about 35 year experience in Chlor Alkalies Industries. 8
3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 3.1 The State Himachal Pradesh having world s mightiest mountain ranges is one of the hilly States situated in the Northern part of India. It is blessed with some of the most spectacular and beautiful landscapes. It came into being in November, 1966 after the re-organization of States. Earlier, it was part of the combined State of Punjab. The various hill towns in the State not only provide visitors reprieve from the sultring heat of the planes, but offer beautiful scenic sites which are real treat to the eyes. Kulu and Kangra valleys offer natural beauty which is no less than Kashmir Valley. Valleys and streams, snow clad mountains and temperate forests offer tourists and sportsmen all they want. The total area of the State is about 55,700 sq. km., with a population of more than 60lac. The literacy rate is about 63%. The main fruits / crops in the State are apple, plum, ginger, peach, potato, forest produce, rice and wheat. The State has good deposits of minerals like gypsum, lime stone and slate etc. Earlier the economy of the State mostly depended on tourism and a large number of tourist sites had been developed by the State. However, after the re-organization, the State has made big strides in the field of industrialization also. Industries like Cement, Electronics, Fertilizers, Pharmaceuticals and Liquor can be found in good number at different places in the State. Hydel Power in the State has given a big boost to the Industries. A number of Industrial areas have been developed in the State, where all facilities are provided to the entrepreneurs. Parwanoo, Barotiwala, Baddi, Paonta Sahib and Raja Ka Bag are some of the important industrial areas developed by the State in the last two decades. 9
3.2 District Sirmaur District Sirmaur is located in outer Himalayas which is commonly known as Shivalik range. The district is bounded by district Shimla in North, Uttaranchal in East, Haryana in South and Distt. Solan in North- West. Like other parts of Himachal Pradesh, it has beautiful landscapes, bracing climate, big and small game and legendry temples which hold abiding attraction for the tourists. Head quarter of the district is Nahan which is connected by metalled roads with Shimla, Chandigarh, Solan and Yamuna Nagar. Population and area details of the districts are as under:- Population Total Male Female Rural Urban 5,30,164 No. 2,76,801 No. 2,53,363 No. 472,926 No. 57,238 No. According to Census 2011 Male 246,599 Female 226,327 Male 30,202 Female 27,036 Sex Ratio 918 Density of Population Geographical Area Total Area Area under Forest Total Cultivated Area Net Cultivated Area Net Irrigated Area 188 per sq. km Source: Census 2011 282500 Hect 174822 Hect 74702 Hect 40775 Hect 13883 Hect 10
3.3 Project Site The Plant site is situated in Village Johran, Kala Amb, Tehsil Nahan, District Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh. It is about 2 KM from National Highway-73 (Chandigarh-Sirmaur) at kala Amb,Tehsil Nahan. The soil of the block is sandy to sandy loam. It lies near Long 77 12' 44.48" East and Lat: 30 31' 41.33" North and is at an Altitude of about 425 m. above mean sea level. It is well connected with Kala Amb & Nahan through well maintained metalled roads. It is about 1 K.M. from Kala Amb. The nearest rail head is Ambala, which is at a distance of about 40 km from the site. Key Plan, Google Map of the unit is given in Fig 3.1, 3.2 respectively. 11
FIGURE 3.1 KEY PLAN Project site 12
FIGURE 3.2 LOCATION ON GOOGEL IMAGE 13
3.4 Climate: The climate of the district is sub-tropical to temperate depending upon the elevation. Four major a season that is the winter season extends from Nov to February; summer season from March to June followed by the monsoon period extending from July to September end. Maximum precipitation in the form of rain occurs during July to September. Average annual rainfall in the district is about 982 mm with average of 60 rainy days. In the non monsoon season precipitation as snowfall also occurs in the higher reaches above 1500 m amsl, the peaks of Chaur dhar remains covered by snow. During winter period rainfall also occurs in lower hills and valleys parts. Mean maximum and minimum temperature of 30 C and -0 C respectively. 3.5 Cloudiness During monsoon season skies are over cast with moderate to heavy clouds. During rest of the year, the sky is mostly clear. It is lightly clouded occasionally during winter season. 3.6 Winds The Wind direction in the area is mostly from North-West to South- East. During January to May the winds are quite strong while July to October is calm months. 3.7 Drainage The entire area is near the Shivalik foot hills and has good slope from North-East to South-West. The area is well drained and is frequented with seasonal choes which take the entire rain water flows to river Yamuna. 14
3.8 Land Use Land use pattern means how the land is being used for various purposes. It highlights the environmental quality of a particular area. It is an important indicator of environmental health, intensity of human activity and degree of interaction between the two. Land use pattern is significantly influenced by the nature of soil, water availability and climatic conditions of the area. Data on land use pattern of Sirmaur District have been collected to present baseline status of the study area which falls in this District and is given below:. Land use pattern Total Area - 2, 82,500 Ha Cultivated Area - 74,700 Ha (26.4%) Forest area - 1, 74,820 Ha (62%) Non agriculture use - 72,980 Ha (11.6%) 3.9 Forest A number of reserved forests exist in the study area. Species like in these forests are Sal, Chil, Oaks, Deodar, Khair, Firand Spurce are found. On the north side the dense forests are at a distance of 3-5 km. Reserve Forest Jamunwala exists at a distance about 2.5 km & Garib Nath at about 1.5 km North, Rampur Beli exists at a distance 1.5 km on the South side, Danda RF exists at a distance 5 km on the North-East side from the site. Reserve Forest along the Shivalik range like Khulhal, Dhaula & Aduwala are at a distance of about 4-5 km on the South side. It is worth mentioning here that the promoters plan to plant about 200 trees in the unit area. 15
3.10 Flora and Fauna Ecological system consists of varieties of interrelationship between both biotic and abiotic components. Biotic components comprise of both plant and animal communities, which interact not only within and between them but also within the abiotic physical. Animal plant communities in their natural habitat exist in a well organized manner. The project does not disturb any natural setting and is coming up in an already existing Industrial area. Generally the plants of species like Simbal, Mango, Tun, Several species of acacia and albizia, Salambra, Termnalia, Jamun, Larger tour, Bamboo. The most common shrub at the higher elevation is Barberis, Indigopera and Desmodium and following other shrubs are also found: Vitex, Munj, Ber, Ipomea, Dodonea. Animals like Smooth Indian Otter, Jungle Cat, Leopard Cat, Hare, Hog Deer, Wild Boar, Flying Fox, Flying squirrel, Wildcat, Fruit bat, Jungle cat and Common Mongoose are found in the area. 3.11 Demography And Socio-Economic Scenario The socio-economic profile has been studied through random sample primary surveys and secondary data. The significant demographic and socio economic statistics of the district are summarized and given in Table- 3.1 TABLE-3.1 Description Dist. Sirmaur Himachal Pradesh Censes 2011 2011 Male Population 2,76,801 6,856,509 Female Population 2,53,363 3,473,892 Total Population 521,173 3,382,617 Sex Ratio 976/1000 974/1000 Density of Population/Km 2 338 123 Literacy Rate: Total (%) 86.53 83.78 Ref: Census of India 2011. 16
3.12 Environmental Study Area The Status of existing Environmental parameters like Ambient Air Quality, Ground water, Surface Water, Noise Level and Soil quality of the project site have been monitored for the month of Jan-Feb. 2015. 17
4.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 4.1 General HIMALAYA ALKALIES & CHEMICALS LTD(Formerly SNJ Chemex (P) Limited), is located at Village Johran, Kala Amb,Tehsil Nahan, District Sirmaur in the state of Himanchal Pradesh is about 2 Kms from Kala Amb Bus Stand and about 10 Kms from Nahan. The unit has 1, 50,000 sqm land. Location details are given in Table 4.1. The total cost of the project is 300 crores. 4.2 Raw Materials & Quantities S. No. NAME OF RAW MATERIAL 1 INDUSTRIAL SALT 2 BARIUM CARBONATE 3 CAUSTIC SODA 4 SULPHURIC ACID 5 SODA ASH 6 SODIUM BI SULPHITE 7 HCL ACID 8 FLOCCULANTS 9 NORMAL PARAFFIN WAX Raw materials are listed as hazardous materials in part II of the schedule of the rules. Precaution as listed into rules shall be taken for their storage & handling. 18
4.3 Finished Product & By-product The unit will manufacture following: PRODUCT: S.NO. NAME 1 CAUSTIC SODA 2 CHLORINE 3 HYDROGEN GAS BY-PRODUCT: S.NO. NAME 1 CHLORINATED PARAFFIN WAX 2 STABLE BLEACHING POWDER 3 HYDROCHLORIC ACID (SYN) 32% 4 HYDROCHLORIC ACID ( CPW) 32% 5 SODIUM HYPO 19
Plant Site and Location TABLE 4.1 S.No Particulars Details 1 Location a Village/ Town/Plot No. Johran b Tehsil Nahan c District Sirmaur d State Himachal Pradesh e Latitude 30º31 41.33 North d Longitude 77º12 44.48 East 2 Elevation 425 mts. 3 Land use at the project site Industrial 4 Climatic Conditions Temperature Rainfall Relative Humidity, % Wind speed, Kms/hour Min: -0 o C, Max:45 o C 982 mm (average) Min: 45%, Max:98% 10 Km (approx.) 5 Nearest highway National-Highway 73 (Chandigarh-Sirmour 2 km) 6 Nearest railhead Ambala (about 40 km) 7 Nearest airport Chandigarh (about 40 km) 8 Nearest major city Ambala (about 40 km) 9 Nearest major settlement Kala Amb (about 2 km) 10 Features with 10 km : i) Defence installations Nil ii) Archaeological important places iii) Wild life sanctuaries Iv) Reserved/Protected forest Nil Nil v) Industries Mixed type vi) Rivers vii) Hill ranges viii) State Boundary Mein river (about 4 km) Shivalik Hills Haryana State (3 KM) 20
4.4 Installed Capacity: The total installed capacity of the plant for the product will be as per details given below:- PRODUCT: S.NO. NAME CAPACITY (MTPA) 1 CAUSTIC SODA 1,40,000 2 CHLORINE 1,26,000 3 HYDROGEN GAS NM3 39,34,0000 BY-PRODUCT: S.NO. NAME CAPACITY (MTPA) 1 CHLORINATED PARAFFIN WAX 35000 2 STABLE BLEACHING POWDER 5250 3 HYDROCHLORIC ACID (SYN) 32% 4 HYDROCHLORIC ACID ( CPW) 32% 1,25,000 70,000 5 SODIUM HYPO 12,600 The unit will operate for an effective period of 350 days in a year on three shift basis of 8 hrs. 21
4.5 Manufacturing Process Caustic soda manufacturing process improved significantly due to upgradation of technology from Diaphragm technology to the latest state of the art technology ie the Membrane cell technology. The technology is an Environmental friendly and fuel efficient. Power is the main raw material used for the production of caustic, which alone cost 60% of the cost of production, this technology save 35% energy than the earlier process. The following schematic diagram shows the difference in the technologies. PROCESS FLOW CHART 22
MEMBRANE CELL TECHNOLOGY: The most common chlor-alkali process involves the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (a brine) in a membrane cell. In the membrane cell, the anode and cathode are separated by an ionpermeable membrane. Saturated brine is fed to the compartment with the anode (the anolyte). A DC current is passed through the cell and the NaCl splits into its constituent components. The membrane passes Na + ions to the cathode compartment (catholyte), where it forms sodium hydroxide in solution. The membrane allows only positive ions to pass through to prevent the chlorine from mixing with the sodium hydroxide. The chloride ions are oxidised to chlorine gas at the anode, which is collected, purified and stored. Hydrogen gas and hydroxide ions are formed at the cathode. 23
4.6 Facilities at the Plant The firm has 1, 50,000 sqm of land where factory building, boundary wall and some other ancillary structures are proposed to be constructed. It provides adequate space for the following areas of working:- 1. Storage for raw material and finished goods. 2. Plant and Machinery 3. Storage 4. Offices 5. Toilets 6. Water storage tanks Open space will be landscaped and trees will be planted in due course of time. 4.7 Power The requirement of Power for the unit is 42 MW which will be supplied by HPSPCL. 4.8 Water Supply The water requirement of the unit will be met from own tube-well. The daily requirement of water is about 2950 m 3. About 2760 m 3 water will be required in the process and make up water required for cooling purpose will be 50 KLD. For domestic purpose 20 KLD and 120 m 3 water required for boiler. The capacity of storage tank for cooling purpose is about 100.0 m 3. Another tank of about 100 m 3 has also been provided for fire fighting which shall be kept always full. Flow chart of water use is given in fig. 4.1 4.9 Manpower Unit will work on single shift basis and manpower requirement will be about 150 persons. 24
Figure: 4.1 WATER BALANCE FLOW DIAGRAM (KLD) Storage Tank Domestic 20.0 Process 2760 Boiler 120 Cooling 600 Consumption 5.0 Ultra-Filtration 300 Evaporation 50 STP 15+20 20 Reuse in process 300 Blow down 20 Reuse 550 Irrigation 35 Total Consumptive use: 2760+ 120+50+20 = 2950 KLD 25
4.10 Waste Handling 4.10.1 Liquid waste Liquid waste: is treated for ph control and collected in a tank. The water is thus passed through the RO plant to control its TDS contents and brought it down below 100ppm and will be recycle back into the plant. Part of this water will be utilized in gardening and other part of the factory. The effluent treatment plant is designed such that there will not be any liquid discharge from the factory. 4.10.2 Solid waste About 4% solid waste will be generated from the process. The solid waste is non hazardous. It will be sent to filling low lying area or as per norms of State Pollution Control Board. 4.10.3 Hazardous waste The industry will install two no. DG sets of 500KVA capacity each. The Hazardous wastes generated from the unit, such as used oil from DG Set shall be sold to recyclers. There are no other hazardous wastes. 4.11 Pollution Control Measures The main sources of pollution from the unit are discussed as under: 4.11.1 Air Pollution Emergency Chlorine Scrubber (ECS) System The emergency chlorine scrubber (ECS) uses extraction fans to collect gas from all the chlorine-containing plant vents. The gas is then scrubbed with caustic soda to remove chlorine producing sodium hypochlorite. The reaction is as follows: 26
The ECS is a safety critical system designed to accommodate chlorine surges during plant upsets for 10 minutes minimum of full chlorine production. All vents containing chlorine pass to the ECS system. The concentration of chlorine in the exit gas from the ECS is monitored and alarmed. Electrical power to the circulation pumps and extraction fans is backed up by emergency power from a stand-by emergency diesel generator. A nitrogen ejector that does not require power for operation further backs up the fans. A caustic gravity head tank that does not require power for its operation, further backs up the caustic pumps. Hypo Tower: The gases come out of the hypo tower and HCl plant. Well designed scrubbers keeps the vents prevents any hazardous gases escaping into the atmosphere. Chlorine and HCl vapors concentration s are kept below the permissible limit ie 5 ppm. Similarly the boiler chimney is designed to prevent the to be in compliance of pollution norms. Installation Of Chlorine Sensing Alarm System: Chlorine alarm system which will sense above 3 mg/nm 3 in air will be installed in CP complex for early warning on action of chlorine control will be received. Neutralization System: Industry will install a neutralization system where in un-reacted chlorine gas will be sucked from 08 Nos CP reactors through pressure regulated valve and neutralized with caustic soda to from sodium hypo-chloride. Initially chlorine will be supplied in toners but at later it is to be supplied through pipeline. Boiler: Industry will install steam boiler of 14TPH capacity. The wood briquette/pet coke will use as fuel for boiler. APCD cyclone fallowed by wet scrubber will be installing with boiler to control emission. 27
4.11.2 Water Pollution There will be no generation of waste water from process. The waste water generation from domestic, cooling and boiler blow down shall be used for plantation after treatment. 4.11.3 Noise Pollution There is no noise producing machineries in the unit. All machines are spread at different places within the covered sheds. Thus no noise of significant level shall go out side the working area which may disturb the general noise environment. DG set installed shall be noise free & with canopy. 28
5.0 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT: 5.1 Present Environment: Various Environment factors as existing in the project area which possibly could be affected by the activities have been assessed & identified as below: (i) Ambient Air (ii) Water Quality (iii) Noise (iv) Land use pattern (v) Soil and Agricultural (vi) Demography and socio-economic pattern. 5.2 Probable Impact on Environment: The above factors will be checked after the implementation of the project to cross check the probable impact discussed hereunder and remedial measures taken wherever necessary. Broadly the impacts may be classified in two categories as under:- i) Short term - during construction/development stage ii) Long term - during operational stage. Both these categories have been considered while predicting and evaluating the impacts as given herein after:- 5.3 DEVELOPMENT STAGE: - (SHORT TERM) This is a construction phase of the project and the impacts are temporary due to construction related activities which are as under:- i) Air Environment: There is no point source of air pollution. The only source will be due to construction and plying of vehicles within unit. Some 29
emission may be expected from vehicles plying in the area for transportation of material etc. Kerosene oil shall be provided to the labour so that they do not burn wood for cooking etc. ii) Water Environment : Requirement of water during construction & machinery foundations will be about 1.0 m 3 /day and there will be no waste discharge as the same will be used completely. However, during monsoon some malba etc may get washed due to run off from the site. There is a natural nallah near the land which takes the entire run off from the area. Labour during construction is not very large. Hardly about 50 persons may be working daily on an average who may be using water for drinking and bathing etc. Toilet facilities with septic tank will be provided to labour @ 1 toilet for 20 persons who will be used by the labour. In view of this there is no likelihood of any significant impact on the general environment of water in the area. iii) iv) Noise Environment: Some noise may be expected from the working of the machinery repair purposes and movement of vehicles. Steps will be taken to reduce its effect by resorting to staggering of various operations. Even otherwise since there will not be any large scale machinery, the activity is not likely to have any significant effect on the over all noise environment. Land Environment: The total land area of the project is 1, 50,000 sqm. Natural drainage will not be disturbed. Solid waste from construction activities will be used within the premises under roads & 30
refilling. There will not be any significant impact on land in general. v) Socio Economic: The project does not involve any displacement of population or rehabilitation of any kind. Rather it will provide employment to local people in the shape of additional man power required for the units, & will and boost the economy of the area. It will have some positive impact, although not to a large extent. 5.4 OPERATIONAL STAGE: - (LONG TERM) After completion, when the unit starts production, the operational impacts on the various parameters are considered as under:- i) Ambient Air Environment: There is only one source of likely pollution which is vapours of Acid/alkali mist from the manufacturing process. All the processes are closed circuits as such emissions to the open atmosphere will be minimum, however, APCD, Alkali Scrubber will be provided at the exit point to neutralize the acid mist. ii) Water Environment: Alkaline Effluent System: Effluent from alkaline process area catchments drains to trenches which channel effluent to the alkaline effluent sump. From here, alkaline effluent is transferred to the alkaline effluent tank where it is mixed and neutralized using HCl and NaOH to achieve a ph in the range of 6.5 and 10.5. As these neutralization reactions have the potential to liberate chlorine gas under certain conditions, the alkaline effluent tank is operated under light suction, venting to the emergency chlorine scrubber (ECS) where any chlorine gas present is removed. 31
Acidic Effluent System: The acid effluent system is quite similar to the alkaline effluent system discussed above. Effluent from acid process areas drains to the acid effluent trench, then to the acid effluent pit from where it is pumped to the acid effluent tank. The acid effluent tank is used to mix and neutralize effluent using HCl and NaOH to achieve a ph in the range of 6.5 and 10.5. Rainfall data shows that the area is having adequate rainfall. The guidelines for Rain Water Harvesting and Artificial Recharge of Ground Water issued by the Central Ground Water Authority will be followed. iii) Land Environment: The Project is coming in the agriculture land. Thus there will not be any significant adverse effect on the existing general land environment with the coming up of the project. iv) Noise Environment: There will be no noise producing machinery or equipment except DG Set which will be placed in acoustic room, causing least disturbance in the area. There is no likelihood of any significant change in noise environment. v) Socio Economic Pattern The project will provide employment to local people in the field of running plants and maintenance of machinery, APCD & security etc. Thus it will have positive effect on the employment potential in the area. 32
6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN: 6.1 General Environment Management Plan (E.M.P) in a project is prepared to mitigate the possible adverse effect of various activities on the existing environmental factors, during construction as well as in operational stages, to avoid their deterioration, if any. It is desirable that necessary steps are taken right from the beginning of the project to be more effective. As a social and moral obligation on the part of every body it becomes our bounden duty to leave our environment to the next generation in a state at least what we inherited from our ancestors, if not in a better condition. E.M.P. for this project has been prepared keeping in view the existing conditions and likely changes which may occur due to the proposed project. The implementation and monitoring of different control measures have also been covered. These are discussed as under:- 6.2 Air Environment During construction stage water will be sprinkled on the soil to avoid dust generation, if any. The debris and unused construction malba shall be removed immediately for recycling, if any, or for land fill. All vehicles for service activities at the project site shall be checked for vehicular emission. The agencies will be asked to keep them within prescribed limits. They will also be asked to maintain them properly. During operation phase alkali scrubber shall be provided to neutralize acid mist from process, to keep it within permissible limits. Cyclone will be provided with boiler to mitigate air environment. Tree plantation shall be resorted to for further improving the air environment in general and minimize noise levels, if any. 33
6.3 Water Environment: Source of water will be own tube-well. During construction toilet facilities shall be provided to labour with septic tank. Finally, waste water from the toilets shall be taken to septic tank through underground delivery system. It will not be thrown outside either on land or in any water body. Roof top rain water shall be harvested and used for ground water recharge to minimize effect of withdrawal of water from the underground. 6.4 Land Environment: To avoid erosion of the top soil the development is planned in the shortest possible time and land-clearing activity shall be kept to the absolute minimum by working at the specific sites one by one where construction is to take place so as to increase detention and infiltration. Natural waterways/drainage pattern shall be maintained by providing culverts where needed. The requirements of sand and aggregates for the construction works will be met through venders. The land use is thus so planned that there is minimum adverse impact. 6.5 Solid Waste The solid waste generated from the construction activities shall be effectively recycled within the project. The solid waste generation from the process the process will non toxic/non hazardous. The disposal of solid waste will be as per norms of State Pollution control Board. 6.6 Noise Environment During Construction stage NO HORN signs will be displayed at prominent places. The drivers shall be directed not to blow horn unnecessarily. Vehicle owners will be asked to maintain them in proper condition. During operational stage noise creating machinery such as 34
blower, ID Fans etc will be housed different places within closed sheds so as not to disturb the noise level in the area. The DG set shall be noise free. 6.7 Green Belt: The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the source of pollution and the surrounding areas. The green belt helps to capture the fugitive emission and to attenuate the noise generated, apart from improving the aesthetics. Development of green belt and other forms of greenery shall also prevent soil erosion and washing away of topsoil besides helping in stabilizing the functional ecosystem and further, to make the climate more conducive and to restore water balance. It is planned that the selected plants will be grown as per normal horticultural (or forestry) practice and authorities responsible for plantation will also make sure that adequate provision for watering and protection of the saplings exists at site. Species of trees shall be selected in consultation with the forest Department officers. In all about 500 trees & shrubs are proposed to be planted within the unit premises. 35
7.0 EXPENDITURE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES S.No Title Capital Cost Lacs Recurring Cost - Lacs (Annum) 1 Air Pollution Control 110.0 0.5 2. Noise Pollution Control (Including cost of Landscaping, Green Belt) 4. Environment Monitoring and Management (Including Establishment of Laboratory) 15.0 --- 10.0 0.5 5. CSR 20.0 2.0 Total 155.0 3.0 36