SUBJECT: Integrated Science TEACHER: Mr. S. Campbell DATE: GRADE: 7 DURATION: 2 wks GENERAL TOPIC: The Sun As The Main Source Of Energy / Fuels and their uses in the home.
The Sun As The Main Source Of Energy / Fuels and their uses in the home
Students will be able to:- 1) State that the sun is the source of energy for living things (mention of food chains) 2) List and discuss the other uses of the sun's energy 3) Discuss some harmful effects of the sun's energy 4) Define the term fuels 5) List some examples of fuels 6) Classify various fuels as food, petroleum, natural gases and alternate fuels. 7) Describe how petroleum is formed in nature 8) State that petroleum/ crude oil is a mixture 9) Describe the distillation process for separating petroleumfractional distillation 10) State the uses of the fractions of crude oil. 11) Explain why we need alternate energy sources- solar energy, biomass, moving water, wind energy, waves and tides
Read page 120-124 The Sun as the source of energy Research its role in the food chain as well as its impact on living things by answering the following questions: a) What type of energy does the sun make or transform into? b) Complete the following flow diagram SUN PLANTS HERBIVORES OMNIVORES 1 2 3 c) Name the processes happening at 1,2 and 3 (1- photosynthesis, 2&3 feeding) d) By what process do animals, plants use up the food to release energy? (Respiration)
2) List some uses of the sun's energy (pg 125). To heat up the earth (temperatures) Evaporate H 2 O from seas, rivers, plants, etc. To make clouds and rain Solar panels and solar cells to generate electricity Solar-powered calculators Solar cookers For drying To provide vitamin D
3) View pictures portraying the different uses of the sun's energy (page 125). discuss their views on the harmful effects of the sun. Skin cancers Dehydration Premature aging and wrinkles Alter function of white blood cells and reduces the ability to fight diseases Death due to heatstroke (high body temp) Greenhouse effect (global warming) Droughts Melting of ice caps Sea levels rising causing Tsunamis Damage to eyes
4) Define the term fuels (pg127) Fuels are substances that release heat energy when they are burned. Are fossil fuels renewable sources of energy? (YOU NEED TO KNOW THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY)
5) What are some of the requirements for fuels to burn? Sources of heat and air/ oxygen. Name examples of fuels in nature. -Carbohydrates (starch, sugar) -Fats from animals -Wood, coal, kerosene oil, propane gas (stoves), ethanol (alcohol), cooking oils (plant oils), rocket fuel, H 2 O 2, methane gas, wax (candles), butane gas.
6) Why are fuels important? -Stores energy (chemical) -Provide source of energy for industry -Provide source of energy for living things to stay alive -Provide heat to warm homes -Provide electricity for modern living EXAMPLES OF EACH ABOVE Chemical energy (food, petrol) Industry eg. coal, wood, used in furnace / fireplace Living things eg. Starch, sugar Heating homes- natural gases in furnaces Electricity- crude oil, wood used to heat and produce steam to turn turbines.
7) Research on how petroleum is formed from the text (page 130). Crude oil is a mixture of different compounds and hence can be separated. Crude oil is made up of carbon and hydrogen, hence, the name hydrocarbon.
8) What is the name of the process used to separate crude oil pg 131? Fractional distillation n.b rum and water can be separated using simple distillation (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mp4hgui-g6u). Similarly, fractional distillation is an industrial distillation process used to separate crude oil in it's different compounds. Fractional distillation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kcs1f_44dy4
FRACTIONS Natural Gas Boiling point 20 0 C USE OF FRACTION Petrol 40 0 C Kerosene Diesel fuel 180 0 C 260 0 C Residue (heavy oil) For Bitumen/asphalt Bitumen/Asphalt
9) Students will observe experiment to show the release of energy from food as Teacher demonstrates same. (page 127 of text Ex. 5.4-NOT NECESSARY FOR SIX WEEKLY TEST. THIS LAB WILL BE DONE AFTER THE TEST). Experiment will be recorded in lab books Summary of content:- Peanut- fat, starch Yam- starch Bread- starch