SILCOLAPSE, THE ART OF FOAM CONTROL

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, THE ART OF FOAM CONTROL Bluestar Silicones. Delivering Your Potential.

BLUESTAR SILICONES ANTIFOAMS OUR TECHNICAL SERVICE From laboratory testing to the industrial trials, our teams help you to choose the best antifoam/defoamer. 800 700 Fall and recycling test What type of foam control agent do you need? Do you need a liquid or a solid? A water free or a water based product? If aqueous what is the ph? What is the temperature of the system? What is your foaming material? Is there any regulation status requested? Which defoamer are you currently using? Our experts have the competences and equipments to answer all these questions, to test your systems with several antifoams to define the optimum product for your application and technical needs. Foam volume (ml) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Time (sec) All quality controls are made in reference standard NF T-77 112. In addition, we carry out other tests to regularly measure the effectiveness of our products with for example: No efficiency Low efficiency Good efficiency Fall and recycling test: NF T-73 412 Gas bubbling test: NF T-73 413 Shaking test: NF T-77 112 Washing machine test for detergency Ross-Miles test for diesel fuel: NF M-07 075 OUR APPLICATIONS Oil and gas Agrochemicals Water treatment defoamers are used in: domestic and industrial waste water treatment. Thanks to the harmless nature of our silicone, our customers achieve compliance with environmental standards. defoamers improve overall productivity in oil and gas operations: drilling extracting producing purification process separation process. Our silicone formulations are classified non-toxic in aquatic environments (algae and marine fauna). Chemical industries defoamers are used to control and regulate foam in numerous processes like synthesis,distillation, transfer, filtration... And are optimized to withstand the most hostile environments, whether very strongly acid or alkaline. antifoams have been developed to control foam: during manufacturing of pesticides and specialty fertilizers in tank mix spray applications in accordance with Agricultural (Ag) regulations. Pulp antifoams are used in pulp mills for both hardwood and softwood to speed up pulp washing and drainage. defoamers present: outstanding knock down high durability in high temperature and high alkaline foaming media no deposit on cellulose fibers.

: CONTROL YOUR FOAM What is foam? Foam often results from contamination of a pure liquid by dirt, surfactants, pigments or metabolized waste. It is a dispersion of gas in a continuous phase. Foam is thermodynamically unstable but remains because of: the nature and proportion of surfactants (mainly impurities) the viscosity of the medium. Prevent or destroy foam Foam destroying agents are called defoamers. Foam preventive substances are known as antifoam agents. Bubbles preventive agents are called deaerating agents. How do silicone antifoams work? A silicone antifoam droplet penetrates a bubble wall, and spreads on the liquid-gas interface causing the bubble wall to become unstable and collapse. Benefits of foam control More productivity, no loss of product, betterplant efficiency Avoid product defects such as voids in inks, paints &coating, adhesion loss, spots in textile Reduce safety hazards: liquid levels misreadings,liquid overflowing Eye irritation risks Environmental hazards. Antifoam mechanism 1- Antifoam introduction in the film between the air bubbles 2- Silicone spreading on the film surface > Drainage 3- Film dewetting - Bridging 4- Film breaking and air release Antifoaming and defoaming benefits of silicone compared to organic antifoams: Lower surface tension, greater defoaming action Better resistance to heat and chemicals Chemically inert, no reaction with other substances Persistence, longer lasting action Cost efficiency thanks to its effectiveness and persistence at low use levels Highly safe and environmentally compatible.

COMPOUNDS MARKETS Markets/ compounds Pulp Oil & Gas Gas treatment Agrochemicals Water treatment Chemicals Distillation Food Textile & leather industries Liquid detergents 820 801 490 482 120 454 A * 853 430 416 411 EP 6703 500 411 BR * Depending the applicable regulations, can be authorized in food contact and indirect food additives applications but not as food additive. European range Latin American range Silicone compounds can be used directly in many industrial processes, wich are mostly involving non aqueous media (e.g. solvent distillation). They can also be used as active materials by antifoam or defoamer emulsion manufacturers in many markets such as agrochemicals, pulp, water treatment All the above products are available in all zones.

Active content % Viscosity approx mpas Regulatory status (1) Features Compounds are recommended for non aqueous foaming media. 100 30 000 100 70 000 100 20 000 100 3 000 100 1 600 100 3 000 100 2 000 BfR BfR 100 100 100 2 000 Very high durability in high temperature and high alkaline foaming media (e.g. pulp) and processing New generation of viscoelastic compound Very high durability in high temperature and high alkaline foaming media (e.g. pulp) New generation of viscoelastic compound Effective in wide ph range, multipurpose Booster for silicone/organic antifoams, particularly efficient for highly foaming media Excellent knock down efficiency Multipurpose Cost effective compound Easily dispersed in wide media range For regulatory applications, particularly agrochemical industry (SC, EW, SE, EC formulations) Easy to disperse Food contact & process aid approvals (2) Specially designed for distillation processes (e.g. bio-fuel) Very low viscosity defoamer For agrochemicals & chemical industries Easily dispersed in wide media range Fillers (silica) Silicone polymers Emulsions are recommended for aqueous foaming media. What is an emulsion? Emulsion is a dispersion of an antifoam compound in water, stabilized by surfactants. For some applications, compounds can be solid supported to be provided in powder form. Powder antifoam Silicone polymer oil Silicone compound Emulsion concentrate Self dispersible compound 100 1 000 100 400 25 Fine powder 100 12 000 Self dispersing compound Very easy to disperse in all media Low viscosity Good knock down efficiency 100 400 Low viscosity Specially designed for agrochemicals (WG, WP formulations) Excellent knock down efficiency Very high durability in high temperature and high alkaline foaming media (e.g. pulp) Ready to use Silicone Emulsion Products from the global range are available in all zones. (1) Our technical and product stewardship teams support our customers to answer all questions regarding compliances with regulations. (2) Depending on the applicable regulations, can be authorized in food contact and indirect food additives applications but not as a food additive.

EMULSIONS MARKETS Markets/ emulsions Oil & Gas Cementing drillings muds Oil & Gas Gas treatment Pulp Agrochemicals Water treatment Chemicals Distillation Food Textile & leather industries RG12 422 5001 137 414 RG 22 5020 140 426R 432 1824 7140 * 458 RG 11 RG 21 C 585 C 583 C 581 * Depending the applicable regulations, can be authorized in food contact and indirect food additives applications but not as food additive. European range Latin American range Asian range North American range Most of the above products are available in all zones, please contact your local Bluestar Silicones representative for detailed information.

Active content % Viscosity approx mpas Regulatory status (1) Features 10 200 10 300 10 500 BfR Effective in wide ph range, multipurpose Good long term efficiency, low viscosity Easy to dilute, good aspect after dilution Polyvalence Easy to disperse Stability of the dispersion 10 2 000 Cost effective emulsion 15 3 000 Efficiency in agressive media (acid ph) 20 1000 20 1 500 Effective in wide ph range, multipurpose Excellent long term efficiency Easily dispersible in aqueous media Homogeneous and high stability 30 100 Long term action in alkaline media (oil & gas industry) High active content 30 100 Easy to use Low dose, efficient for highly turbidity systems Very good heat stability (120-130 C) 30 1 500 Tailormade for agrochemicals 30 1 500 Excellent knock down efficiency 30 100 50 4 000 10 100 Food contact & process aid approvals (2) High active content Easy to formulate Stable once diluted Good performance in wide ph range (especially in acid ph) Good stability 20 100 22 2300 13 2200 5 2000 Good performance in wide ph range (especially in acid ph) Good stability, specially designed for agrochemicals (pesticides, fertilizers) High defoaming performance Excellent performances/stability under high temperature (70 C) High active content Homogeneous and stable at wide ph and temperature range Easy dispersion in aqueous media Homogeneous and stable at wide ph and temperature range (1) Our technical and product stewardship teams support our customers to answer all questions regarding compliances with regulations. (2) Depending on the applicable regulations, can be authorized in food contact and indirect food additives applications but not as a food additive.

BLUESTAR SILICONES Bluestar Silicones is one of the world s leading fully integrated silicone manufacturers with applications and research laboratories, production sites and sales offices located around the globe. We focus on developing state-of-the-art application expertise to help our customers challenge their boundaries. At Bluestar Silicones, we re more than just high quality silicone products. We are dedicated people located around the globe committed to your success. From technical support to customized formulations and regulatory support, Bluestar Silicones has the people in place when and where you need them. Reference : SIL1400631 - www.agence-maverick.com For detailed commercial contacts please visit our website : www.bluestarsilicones.com The information contained in this document is given in good faith and based on Bluestar Silicones current knowledge. Bluestar Silicones makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy, completeness of such information or as to the compatibility of such information with the user s intended application : information is supplied on an as-is basis and is not binding on Bluestar Silicones. Nothing c ontained herein is intended as a recommendation to use the products so as to infringe any patent. Bluestar Silicones assumes no liability for users violation of patent or other rights and disclaims any liability for loss, injury or damage which may result from the use of the products. Therefore, information contained herein must not be used as a substitute for necessary prior tests which are the sole responsibility of the user and which alone can ensure that a product is suitable for a given use. Bluestar Silicones France SAS 21 avenue Georges Pompidou F-69466 Lyon Cedex 03 - France Tel. : +33 (0)4 72 13 19 00 - Fax : +33 (0)4 72 13 19 88