PROJECT DOCUMENT NO. CALC-110 0 TITLE LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 9 ENGINEER REVISION Pages
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 2 of 9 Table of contents 1 Basic Data... 3 1.1 References... 3 2 Loads... 4 2.1 Live load (L)... 4 2.2 Wind load (W)... 4 2.3 Cladding wind load on South Elevation... 8 3 Load combinations... 9 3.1 Factored load combinations Allowable stress design... 9 3.2 Factored load combinations - Strength design... 9
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 3 of 9 1 Basic Data 1.1 References 1.1.1 Norms and Standards [1] ASCE 7-10. American Society of Civil Engineers Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures. 1.1.2 Project documents 1.1.3 Drawings [2] Murphy/Jahn Architects. S8.02 Typical Details and Structural Notes. 18 May 2012 [3] Murphy/Jahn Architects. A1.115 Roof Plan. 18 May 2012 [4] Murphy/Jahn Architects. A3.104 Elevation West. 18 May 2012
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 4 of 9 2 Loads 2.1 Live load (L) Barrier load to curtain wall according to ASCE 7-10 clause 4.5, H L = 0.73 kn/m at 1067 mm above FFL Vertical concentrated load to maintenance walkway according to ASCE 7-10 Table 4-1, V L = 1.33 kn over an area of 0.58 m 2 BMU socket restraint load, H Lm = 1.0 kn in any direction 2.2 Wind load (W) Wind load calculation to ASCE 7-10 for components and cladding of partially enclosed building with occupancy category II on an exposure B terrain. V = 51 m/s Basic wind speed K zt = 1.00 Velocity pressure exposure coefficient K d = 0.85 Wind directionality factor h = 54.1 m K h =2.01(54.1/365.76) 2/7 = 1.16 Topographic factor [Table 30.3-1] q h =0.613 1.16 1.0 0.85 51 2 = 1.57 kn/m 2 Velocity pressure [Cl.30.3.2] Roof Plan 51 m 67 m 40 m 21 m 37 m
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 5 of 9 Partial elevation h = 54.1 m z = 48.5 m z = 40.7 m z = 9 m
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 6 of 9 2.2.1 Wind load to main curtain wall A = 0.762m 3.20m = 2.44 m 2 Wind area considered (GCp) +/- = ±0.18 Internal pressure coefficient [Table 26.6-1] i Positive pressure (Zone 4 & 5) z = 48.5 m K z =2.01(48.5/365.76) 2/7 = 1.13 Topographic factor [Table 30.3-1] q z =0.613 1.13 1.0 0.85 51 2 = 1.53 kn/m 2 Velocity pressure [Cl.30.3.2] (GCp) + = 0.9578-0.2146 log(2.44)= +0.87 External pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p+ = 1.53(+0.87) 1.57(-0.18) = Cladding general pressure [Cl.30.6.2] ii Non-corner negative pressure (Zone 4) (GCp) - = 0.1431 log(2.44) - 0.9385= -0.88 External non-corner pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p- = 1.57[-0.88 (+0.18)] = -1.66 kn/m 2 Cladding general suction [Cl.30.6.2] iii Corner negative pressure (Zone 5) a = max{0.1 37; 0.9} = 4.0 m Local corner zone (GCp) - = 0.5723 log(2.44) 1.9541= -1.73 External corner pressure coefficient [Fig.7.2-13] p- = 1.57[-1.73 (+0.18)] = -3.00 kn/m 2 Cladding corner suction [Cl.7.2.10.4.2] 2.2.2 Wind load to mechanical level A = 0.762m 2.11m = 1.61 m 2 Wind area considered (GCp) +/- = ±0.18 Internal pressure coefficient [Table 26.6-1] i Positive pressure (Zone 4 & 5) z = h = 54.1 m (GCp) + = +0.9 External pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p+ = 1.57[-0.9 (+0.18)] = +1.70 kn/m 2 Cladding general pressure [Cl.30.6.2] ii Non-corner negative pressure (Zone 4) (GCp) - = -0.9 External non-corner pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p- = 1.57[-0.9 (+0.18)] = -1.70 kn/m 2 Cladding general suction [Cl.30.6.2] iii Corner negative pressure (Zone 5) a = max{0.1 37; 0.9} = 4.0 m Local corner zone (GCp) - = -1.8 External corner pressure coefficient [Fig.7.2-13] p- = 1.57[-1.8 (+0.18)] = -3.11 kn/m 2 Cladding corner suction [Cl.7.2.10.4.2]
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 7 of 9 2.2.3 Wind load to external skin glazing (non-corner) Wind load to the non-corner area of the open-jointed point-fixed external skin glazing is calculated considering a partially enclosed building: A o > 1.1A oi A o > min{ 0.37 m 2 ; 0.01A g}; A oi/a gi 0.20 (GCp) +/- = ±0.55 Internal pressure coefficient [Table 26.6-1] A = 3.05m 3.20m = 9.8 m 2 Wind area considered i Positive pressure (Zone 4 & 5) z = 40.7 m K z =2.01(40.7/365.76) 2/7 = 1.07 Topographic factor [Table 30.3-1] q z =0.613 1.07 1.0 0.85 51 2 = 1.45 kn/m 2 Velocity pressure [Cl.30.3.2] (GCp) + = 0.9578-0.2146 log(9.8)= +0.74 External pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p+ = 1.45[+0.74 (-0.55)] = +1.87 kn/m 2 Cladding general pressure [Cl.30.6.2] ii Non-corner negative pressure (Zone 4) (GCp) - = 0.1431 log(9.8) - 0.9385= -0.80 External non-corner pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] p- = 1.45[-0.80 (+0.55)] = -1.96 kn/m 2 Cladding general suction [Cl.30.6.2] 2.2.4 Wind load to external skin glazing (corner) Wind load to the corner area of the open-jointed point-fixed external skin glazing is calculated considering parapet loading according to the procedures of ASCE 7-10 clause 30.9: A = 3.05m 3.20m = 9.8 m 2 Wind area considered i Corner negative pressure (Zone 5) a = max{0.1 37; 0.9} = 4.0 m Local corner zone (GCp) + = 0.9578-0.2146 log(9.8)= +0.74 External pressure coefficient [Fig.30.6-1] (GCp) - = 0.5723 log(9.8) 1.9541= -1.39 External corner pressure coefficient [Fig.7.2-13] p- = 1.45[-1.39 (+0.74)] = +/- 3.09 kn/m 2 Cladding corner suction [Cl.7.2.10.4.2]
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 8 of 9 2.3 Cladding wind load on South Elevation Wind loads for Ultimate Limit State Design* +1.70 kn/m 2-3.11 kn/m 2 +1.70 kn/m 2-1.70 kn/m 2-3.00 kn/m 2-1.66 kn/m 2 +/- 3.09 kn/m 2 +/- 3.09 kn/m 2 +1.87 kn/m 2-1.96 kn/m 2-3.00 kn/m 2-3.00 kn/m 2-1.66 kn/m 2 Note: *Use reduction factor of 0.6 to determine wind loads for allowable stress design.
LOADS AND LOAD COMBINATIONS 9 of 9 3 Load combinations Load combinations for vertical cladding are in accordance with ASCE 7-10 [1]. 3.1 Factored load combinations Allowable stress design Combination Description CO100 (D) Dead load* CO101 (D) + 0.6(Wp) Dead + wind pressure loads CO102 (D) + 0.6(Ws) Dead + wind suction loads CO103 (D) + (L) Dead + imposed loads CO104 (D) + 0.75 0.6(Ws) + 0.75(L) Dead + wind suction + imposed loads CO104 (D) + 0.75 0.6(Ws) + 0.75(L) Dead + wind suction + imposed loads Note: *This includes permanent attachments and structural member selfweights. 3.2 Factored load combinations - Strength design Combination Description CO200 1.4(D) Dead load* CO201 1.2(D) + 1.0(Wp) Dead + wind pressure loads CO202 1.2(D) + 1.0(Ws) Dead + wind suction loads CO203 1.2(D) + 1.6(L) Dead + live loads CO204 1.2(D) + 1.0(Ws) + 0.5(L) Dead + wind suction + live loads Note: *This includes permanent attachments and structural member selfweights.