Turboden Biomass Solutions

Cod. doc.: 11-COM.P-1-rev.7 Update :16/05/2011 Turboden Biomass Solutions

Fortune 50 corporation $52.9B in 2009 sales 180 countries 206,700 employees About us A Pratt & Whitney Power Systems Company UTC Power UTC Fire & Security Hamilton Sundstrand Carrier Research Center Sikorsky Otis Pratt & Whitney Large Engines Small Engines After market Marine Mobile Power Heat to Electricity 2

About us A Pratt & Whitney Power Systems Company Turboden, a Pratt & Whitney Power Systems company, is a European leader in ORC technology for the generation and cogeneration of heat and power from renewable energy and heat recovery. Pratt & Whitney, a division of United Technologies Corporation (UTC), is a world leader in the design, manufacture and service of aircraft engines, industrial gas turbines and space propulsion systems. operating profit of $1.99 billion in 2010 revenues of $12.94 billion 36,000 employees more than 11,000 customers 195 countries Pratt & Whitney Power Systems (PWPS), the industrial gas turbine business of Pratt & Whitney, provides power generation and mechanical drive solutions for the electric generation, oil and gas markets, including service through the entire product life cycle PWPS also manufactures and markets the PureCycle system that can harness heat in the form of hot water from many different sources such as geothermal or oil & gas co-produced fluids, reciprocating engines, and industrial waste heat to generate clean and reliable electricity. 3

Turboden What We Do Turboden designs and develops turbogenerators based on the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), a technology for the combined generation of heat and electrical power from various renewable sources, particularly suitable for distributed generation. standard size Turbogenerators : from 200 kw to 3 MW customized products: up to 15 MW 4

Turboden - 30 Years of Experience 1984: A 40 kw el ORC turbogenerator for a 1987: A 3 kw el CHP biomass ORC turbogenerator solar application in Perth, Australia plant in Milan 2008: A 3 MW el ORC turbogenerator for waste heat in Belgium 5

The Turboden ORC Turbogenerator ORC is an outstanding technology for distributed production of combined heat and power from various renewable energy sources 6

The Thermodynamic Principle: The ORC Cycle THERMAL OIL Generator THERMAL OIL TEMPERATURE WATER ENTROPY Evaporator Pump Regenerator WATER Condenser The turbogenerator uses the hot temperature thermal oil to pre-heat and vaporize a suitable organic working fluid in the evaporator (8 3 4). The organic fluid vapor powers the turbine (4 5), which is directly coupled to the electric generator through an elastic coupling. The exhaust vapor flows through the regenerator (5 9) where it heats the organic liquid (2 8). The vapor is then condensed in the condenser (cooled by the water flow) (9 6 1). The organic fluid liquid is finally pumped (1 2) to the regenerator and then to the evaporator, thus completing the sequence of operations in the closed-loop circuit. 7

Why High Molecular Mass Working Fluid Instead of Water? Water Organic Fluid Small, fast moving molecules Very large flow rate Metal parts and blade erosion Larger diameter turbine Multistage turbine and high No wear of blades and metal mechanical stress parts WATER HIGH MOLECULAR MASS FLUID 8

Advantages of Turboden ORC Turbogenerators Technical advantages High cycle efficiency Very high turbine efficiency (up to 90%) Low mechanical stress of the turbine due to the low peripheral speed Low RPM of the turbine allowing the direct drive of the electric generator without reduction gear No erosion of blades, thanks to the absence of moisture in the vapor nozzles Operational advantages / results Simple start-stop procedures Automatic and continuous operation No operator attendance needed Quiet operation High Availability (Admont over 50,000 hours of operation, availability > 98%) Partial load operation down to 10% of nominal power High efficiency even at partial load Low O&M requirements: about 3-5 hours / week Long life 9

TURBODEN 7 layout Layout Some Examples TURBODEN 18 layout 10

Copyright Turboden S.r.l.

ORC Applications - Biomass Biomass Heat Recovery Geothermal Solar Thermal Power Biomass Cogeneration plants with Turboden ORC can produce heat and electrical power from biomass with high efficiency and user friendly operation. The generated power usually ranges between 200 kw and 3 MW electric. 12

ORC Plants Perfomances 100 % 80 to 74% Thermal power from thermal oil (or other heat carrier) 18 to 24 % 2 % Thermal power to heat users Gross electric power Thermal losses (insulation and generator losses) Gross electric efficiency: up to 24% Overall energy efficiency: 98% 13

ORC Plant in a Process of Co-generation from Biomass 14

Combined Heat & Power (CHP) with Split system Standard Sizes and Typical Performances Turboden Combined Heat & Power (CHP) units with split - Standard Sizes and typical performances TURBODEN 6 CHP TURBODEN 7 CHP TURBODEN 10 CHP TURBODEN 14 CHP TURBODEN 18 CHP TURBODEN 22 CHP Low Voltage TURBODEN 22 CHP Medium Voltage TURBODEN 28 CHP TURBODEN 30 CHP split * split * split * split * split * split * split * split * split * INPUT - Thermal oil Nominal temperature "HT" loop (in/out) C 312/252 312/252 310/250 310/250 312/252 309/249 312/252 310/250 310/250 Thermal power input "HT" loop kw 3056 3572 4685 6130 8935 10975 11680 13250 15200 Nominal temperature "LT" loop (in/out) C 252/132 252/132 250/130 250/130 252/132 249/130 252/132 250/130 250/130 Thermal power input "LT" loop kw 283 338 450 585 855 1045 1112 1310 1600 Overall thermal power input kw 3339 3910 5135 6715 9790 12020 12792 14560 16800 OUTPUT - Hot water Hot water temperature (in/out) C 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/90 60/90 60/90 65/90 68/93 Thermal power to hot water circuit kw 2689 3146 4095 5341 7843 9598 10211 11714 13636 PERFORMANCES Gross active electric power kw 619 729 1000 1317 1862 2319 2476 2755 3066 Gross electric efficiency 0,185 0,186 0,195 0,196 0,190 0,193 0,194 0,189 0,182 Captive power consumption kw 32 40 51 62 87 98 109 150 175 Net active electric power kw 587 689 949 1255 1775 2221 2367 2605 2891 Net electric efficiency 0,176 0,176 0,185 0,187 0,181 0,185 0,185 0,179 0,172 Electric generator** Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 660V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 660V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Plant size Single Skid Single Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Biomass consumption*** kg/h 1459 1709 2244 2935 4279 5253 5591 6364 7343 Typical delivery times (FCA) 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 11-13 11-13 * The Turboden split system allows maximisation of electric power production for a given biomass consumption. ** Available on request: different voltages and/or synchronous generator and/or 60Hz ***Assuming a low heating value of biomass = 2,6 kwh/kg and boiler efficiency = 0,88. The thermal oil boiler is not included in the Turboden scope of supply. 15

Combined Heat & Power (CHP) - Standard Sizes and Typical Performances Turboden Combined Heat & Power (CHP) units - Standard Sizes and typical performances TURBODEN 6 CHP TURBODEN 7 CHP TURBODEN 10 CHP TURBODEN 14 CHP TURBODEN 18 CHP TURBODEN 22 CHP TURBODEN 30 CHP INPUT - Thermal oil Nominal temperature "HT" loop C 302/242 302/242 300/240 300/240 300/240 300/240 300/240 Overall thermal power input kw 3340 3895 5140 6715 9790 12020 16800 OUTPUT - Hot water Hot water temperature (in/out) C 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/80 60/90 60/90 69/94 Thermal power to hot water circuit kw 2664 3117 4081 5313 7834 9601 13610 PERFORMANCES Gross active electric power kw 643 739 1016 1339 1863 2304 3083 Gross electric efficiency 0,193 0,190 0,198 0,199 0,190 0,192 0,184 Captive power consumption kw 32 37 48 58 79 97 179 Net active electric power kw 611 702 968 1281 1784 2207 2904 Net electric efficiency 0,183 0,180 0,188 0,191 0,182 0,184 0,173 Induction Induction Induction Induction Induction Induction Induction Electric generator* triphase, triphase, triphase, triphase, triphase, triphase, triphase, 50Hz, 400V 50Hz, 400V 50Hz, 400V 50Hz, 400V 50Hz, 660V 50Hz, 660V 50Hz, 6kV Plant size Single Skid Single Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Multiple Skid Biomass consumption** Kg/h 1606 1873 2471 3228 4707 5779 8077 Typical delivery times (FCA) 9-11 11-13 11-13 11-13 9-11 11-13 11-13 * Available on request: different voltages and/or synchronous generator and/or 60Hz **Assuming a low heating value of biomass = 2,6 kwh/kg and boiler efficiency = 0,80. The thermal oil boiler is not included in the Turboden scope of 16

HRS High electrical efficiency units HRS for electricity generation and cogeneration from biomass 17

HRS High electrical efficiency units 18

HRS High electrical efficiency units Turboden high efficiency (HRS) units Standard Sizes and typical performances TURBODEN 12 HRS - 1MW TURBODEN 12 HRS TURBODEN 24 HRS TURBODEN 32 HRS with split* without split with split* without split with split* without split with split* without split INPUT - Thermal oil Nominal temperature "HT" loop (in/out) C 305/209 305/204 305/210 305/206 310/215 310/212 310/215 310/214 Thermal power input "HT" loop kw 3817 4043 4425 4817 8850 9634 12015 13075 Nominal temperature "LT" loop (in/out) C 209/130-210/130-215/135-215/135 - Thermal power input "LT" loop kw 338-392 - 784-1060 - Overall thermal power input kw 4155 4043 4817 4817 9634 9634 13075 13075 OUTPUT - Cooling water Cooling water temperature (in/out) C 25/35 25/35 25/35 25/35 24/37 24/37 25/40 25/40 Thermal power to the cooling water circuit kw 3151 3040 3662 3632 7256 7310 9977 9897 PERFORMANCE Gross electric power kw 1000 1000 1156 1188 2270 2336 3109 3193 Gross electric efficiency 0,241 0,247 0,240 0,247 0,236 0,242 0,238 0,244 Captive power consumption kw 36 36 46 49 87 92 119 125 Net active electric power output kw 964 964 1110 1139 2183 2244 2990 3067 Net electric efficiency 0,232 0,238 0,230 0,236 0,227 0,233 0,229 0,235 Electric generator** Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 400V Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Induction triphase, 50Hz, 6kV Plant size Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Multiple skid Biomass consumption*** Kg/h 1816 1944 2105 2316 4211 4632 5715 6286 Typical delivery times (FCA) 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 11-13 11-13 * The Turboden split system allows maximisation of electric power production for a given biomass consumption. ** Available on request: different voltages and/or synchronous generator and/or 60Hz *** Assuming a low heating value of biomass = 2,6 kwh/kg and boiler efficiency = 0,88 in case of ORC with split, = 0,80 in case of ORC without split. The thermal oil boiler is not included in the Turboden scope of supply. 19

The PureCycle Power System Heat to Electricity Power Generation 280 kw Gross Power Free fuel Zero emissions Renewable baseload power generation 91ºC 149ºC resource range Modular and scalable for larger plants Short lead times 24/7/365 remote monitoring High availability 20

Biomass Fuels & Applications Fuels Heat Consumers Wood biomass: sawdust, woodchips, bark, treated wood Timber drying in sawmills Wine industry Other biomass: dried sewage sludge, green cuttings, rice husk, vinasse and vine cuttings, wood industry waste material etc Waste material MDF/PB Producers Saw dust drying in wood pellet factories Air pre-heating in MDF industry District Heating networks Refrigeration Greenhouses 21

CHP District Heating Networks WITHOUT ORC BIOMASS BIOMASS POWERED BOILER cold water WITH ORC BIOMASS hot water BIOMASS POWERED BOILER HEAT USER Thermal oil hot water ORC Electric power cold water HEAT USER 22

ORC Application in Sawmills ELECTRIC POWER TRUNKS SELECTION BIOMASS POWERED BOILER bark BARKING sawdust Thermal oil PROCESSING hot water ORC cold water PRODUCT PACKAGING DRYING 23

CHP Applications: Wood Pellet Production with ORC Figure: Proposed scheme for pellet plant with ORC cogeneration unit 24

CHP Applications: MDF Production + Cogeneration Figure: Proposed scheme for MDF plant with ORC cogeneration unit 25

Sweet Vinasse Grappa and Alcohol Fermented Vinasse DISTILLING Skins Vinasse Exhaust Vinasse Grape juice Vine Growing Pressing Fermentation WHITE Copyright Turboden S.r.l. Land yearly upkeeping cutting Grape production Rasping Grape stalks RED Pressing BIOMASS TO ENERGY PRODUCTION CHP Applications: Wine Production + Cogeneration Fermentation 26

Turboden at a Glance 27

Turboden strong points R&D Participation in national & EU research programs Cooperation with EU Universities and Research Centres Thermodynamic cycle optimization Working fluid selection & testing Thermo-fluid-dynamic design and validation Implementation & testing of control/supervision software MARKETING/SALES Evaluation of technical & economical feasibility of ORC power plants Customized proposals to maximize economic & environmental targets Support for applications to Public Authorities for Green Power incentives DESIGN Complete in-house mechanical design Proprietary design and own manufacturing of ORC optimized turbine TOOLS Thermo-fluiddynamic programs FEA - Finite Element Analysis 3D CAD-CAM Vibration analysis OPERATION & MANUFACTURING Outsourced components from highly qualified suppliers Quality assurance & Project management In house skid mounting to minimize site activities SERVICE Start-up and commissioning Maintenance, technical assistance to operation and spare parts service Remote monitoring & optimization of plant operation Many patents obtained 28

Turboden facts & figures (Last update: January 2011) 29

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Turboden s.r.l. Via Cernaia, 10-25124 Brescia, Italia tel +390303552001 - fax +390303552011 info@turboden.it www.turboden.it C.F./P.I. IT02582620981 capitale sociale 1.800.000 i.v. R.I.: C.C.I.A.A. di Brescia 02582620981 REA 461817