Photovoltaics in Indonesia Frank Südbeck (853303) 12.04.2012 1
Facts about Indonesia - Geography - Largest Archipelago in the world - Consist of more than 17000 islands - More than 6000 are inhabited - 3 time zones UTC+7 to +9 - Borders with East Timor, Malaysia and Papua New Guinea Sources: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia 12.04.2012 2
Facts about Indonesia - Population Population: - 248 Mio people world s 4th largest population - Growth rate 1% per year - 44% of the population live in rural areas Sources: CIA Factbook, Worldbank, Encyclopædia Britannica 12.04.2012 3
Facts about Indonesia - Economy - GDP (PPP): $1.121 trillion (2011 est.) - GDP growth: 6.4% (2011 est.) - GDP per capita (PPP): $4,700 (2011 est.) - Exports: $208.9 billion - Imports: $172.1 billion - Indonesia is member of the ASEAN and G20 Indonesia's economy by sector Agriculture 17% Service 37% Industry 46% Sources: CIA Factbook, Asean, GIZ 12.04.2012 4
Rising Energy supply + demand Source: energyefficiencyindonesia.info 12.04.2012 5
Energy in Indonesia - Electricity demand grows by 9% annually Electricity production will almost triple by 2030 - Since 2004 oil production declining net oil importer - Electricity and fossil fuels are heavily subsidized: - 20,5 Billion USD = 20% of government budget - Under-investment led to from blackouts and substantial unserved demand Sources: IEA 12.04.2012 6
Low electrification in rural areas - Electrification rate less than 70% Over 70 Mio w/o electricity access - 2/3 live in rural areas - Difficulty to electrify the archipelago Sources: IEA, World Bank, own picture 12.04.2012 7
Indonesia Transmission Grid Sources: GIZ 12.04.2012 8
Electrification Targets Indonesia - The 2005 2025 National Energy Policy Blueprint - 93% electrification by 2025 supply electricity additional more than 50 Mio. people - specifically states that renewable energy technologies should be used to meet this goal Renewable Energy is sooo expensive!!! REALLY???? Sources: IEA, World Bank 12.04.2012 9
Revenue vs. Cost for electrification - Electrification in rural areas by Diesel generators - National electricity provider PLN runs around 5000 power plants with an average output of 5MW - Huge local differences in electricity production cost - Average production cost 0.10 EUR/kWh - Production cost in rural areas up to 0,30 EUR/kWh - PLN revenue is 0.06 EUR/kWh (subsidation) Sources: GIZ, Indonesia Energy Assessment, IEA 12.04.2012 10
Revenue vs. Cost for electrification Sources: Indonesia Energy Assessment 12.04.2012 11
Break even PV vs. Diesel - Driver for deployment of RE in developed countries - Energy security - Climate change mitigation - Economic development - Driver for deployment of RE in Indonesia - Rural electrification Sources: values from e.quadrat, IEA 12.04.2012 12
Renewable Energies in Indonesia - Target to increase RE conribution by 25% until 2025 - Aims to install 6.7 GW of new RE capacity (invest 16bn USD) - Indonesia has the world wide highest potential for Geothermal energy, which currently contributes by 5% - Hydropower currently contributes by 8% - PV systems are especially interesting for the rural electrification Constant Irradiation 4,8kWh/m²/d Sources: IEA, GIZ, Indonesia Renewable Energy Assessment, rechargenews.com 12.04.2012 13
PV Road Map 12.04.2012 14
Possible applications for PV Systems - Power supply for cell towers - Power supply for light houses - PV-pumps for drinking water supply - PV- cooling for vaccine storage - Hotels - Medical centres - Schools - Mosques - PV- Diesel Hybrid systems for island networks Sources: GIZ 12.04.2012 15
Off Grid Hybrid PV- System Sources: GIZ 12.04.2012 16
How could German PV supplier benefit? - Indonesia is seeking for experienced partners - Germany has highest installed PV capacity world wide: - Contractors have huge Know how, how to perform PV- projects - Contractors have international experience - Contractors are seeking for new markets, as the one in Germany is getting more uninteresting - International competition is strong German companies should invest soon: - Strong partner in the region is highly recommended by GIZ 12.04.2012 17
Current PV Projects in Indonesia - Large PV projects (25kW 1,100kW) are presently carried out - 100 islands, mostly in the eastern part of Indonesia, will be electrified by Hybrid PV Systems, completion by 2012. - Capacity 25,000 KW - Investment 160 Mio USD - Sharp recently signed a MOU with Indonesian government to build 100 MW power plant in Bali (investment 250 300 Mio USD) - 1000 Islands Project, 60 MWp PV-Hybrid power stations, 425 Mio USD, Investor KfW and World Bank Sources: GIZ, pv-magazine, rechargenews.com 12.04.2012 18
Conclusion - Indonesia s electricity demand is growing rapidly - Indonesian government committed to ambitious rural electrification, GHG and oil dependency reduction targets - PV in Indonesia is - A solution for rural electrification - Cost competitive against current electricity production - A chance for German entreprises to expand - Coming soon 12.04.2012 19
THANKS!!!! 12.04.2012 20
References http://www.rechargenews.com/energy/solar/article307062.ece, 09.04.2012 http://www.rechargenews.com/business_area/politics/article267300.ece, 09.04.2012 http://www.pv-magazine.com/news/details/beitrag/sharp-to-develop-100-mw-of-pv-in-indonesia-announces-japanproject_100006032/#axzz1rh10wo8j, 09.04.2012 Electricity for All Options for Increasing Access in Indonesia, World Bank Renewable Energy Market Assessment Report: Indonesia, U.S. Department of Commerce Indonesia Energy Assessment, US Aid Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asia - Trends and potentials, International Energy Agency, PEP Informationsworkshop: Solarenergie (PV) in Indonesien, 07. März 2012, GIZ-Repräsentanz Berlin 12.04.2012 21