Idaho State Board of Education Achievement Standards for Science (Grades 9-12) UNIFYING CONCEPTS OF SCIENCE 1. Understand system, order, and organization. A. Know the scientific meaning and application of the concepts of system, order, and organization. The opportunity to address systems, order and organization is possible throughout the textbook. Representative pages include: SE: 51-57, 76-80, 144-151, 198-205 TE: 52, 53, 55, 56, 77, 79, 147, 200, 201, 202 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 47, 71; Section Summary, 48, 72; Review and Reinforce, 49, 73; Enrichment, 50, 74; Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9, 49; Section Summary, 10, 50; Review and Reinforce, 11, 51; Enrichment, 12, 552; Skills Lab, 25-27; Real World Lab, 59-61 2. Understand concepts and processes of evidence, models, and explanation. A. Know that observations and data are evidence on which to base scientific explanations. SE: 4-9 TE: 4-9 TR: Unit Resources: Lesson Plan, 2; Section Summary, 3; Review and Reinforce, 4; Enrichment, 5 B. Use models to explain how things work. SE: 45, 76, 110, 113, 114, 152, 155, 161, 211, 218, 231, 265, 272, 311, 345, 352-353, 362, 373, 389, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 435, 465, 488-489, 494, 497, 518-519, 554, 569, 606, 618, 634-635, 656, 657, 673, 680-681, 717, 734-735, 751 TE: 27, 35, 52, 78, 92, 107, 116, 122, 156, 200, 215, 216, 220, 224, 245, 249, 268, 356, 366, 389, 394, 398, 419, 437, 484, 500, 526, 535, 540, 545, 557, 582, 610, 616-618, 634-635, 637, 647, 655, 656, 657, 677, 680-681, 699, 713, 720, 724, 727, 732, 735, 736 C. Develop scientific explanations based on scientific knowledge, logic and analysis. SE: 17, 30, 38-39, 45, 70, 76, 96-97, 104-105, 113, 120, 136-137, 143, 150-151, 166-167, 177, 190-191, 204-205, 213, 218, 236-237, 243, 252-253, 272, 281, 294-295, 300-301, 311, 318-319, 330-331, 345, 352-353, 360-361, 373, 384-385, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 471 1
C. Develop scientific explanations based on scientific knowledge, logic and analysis. SE: 478-479, 488-489, 497, 503, 518-519, 533, 552-553, 562-564, 569, 580, 586, 611, 620-621, 634-635, 643, 652-653, 660-661, 675, 680-681, 702-703, 709, 717, 734-735 TE: 16-17, 30, 38, 39, 44-45, 70, 74-75, 96, 97, 104, 105, 112, 113, 120, 126, 127, 142-143, 150, 151, 166, 167, 176-177, 190, 191, 204, 205, 212-213, 218, 236, 237, 242-243, 252, 253, 272, 280-281, 294, 295, 300, 301, 310-311, 318, 319, 330, 331, 344-345, 352-353, 360, 361, 372-373, 384, 385, 398, 399, 406-407, 414, 415, 428, 429, 434-435, 446, 447, 470-471, 478, 479, 488, 489, 496-497, 503, 518, 519, 532-533, 552, 553, 562, 563, 564, 568, 569, 580, 586, 610-611, 620, 621, 634, 635, 642-643, 652, 653, 660, 661, 674, 675, 680, 681, 702, 703, 708-709, 717, 734, 735 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61, 62-63, 93-95, 115-116, 117-119; Real World Lab, 33-35, 91-92; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-37, 57-58, 81-82, 112-113; Real World Lab, 28-29, 59-61, 83-85, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-166; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-26, 27-29, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61, 85-86, 87-89, 120-121; Unit 5 Resources: Skills Lab, 53-55, 84-85, 111-113; Real World Lab, 25-27, 28-29, 56-57, 81-83, 109-110 3. Understand constancy, change, and measurement. A. Identify constancy in some concepts in science that do not change with time such as the speed of light. SE: 51-57, 282-295, 312-319, 320-322, 323-331, 332-337, 354-357, 365-368, 426-430, 476-481, 498-503, 534-537, 612-621, 644-653, 676-681 TE: 52, 53, 55, 56, 283, 285, 287, 313, 316, 321, 324, 326, 327, 333, 356, 366, 427, 477, 479, 480, 499, 500, 501, 535, 537, 613, 614, 617, 645, 647, 648, 650, 677 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 47; Section Summary, 48; Review and Reinforce, 49; Enrichment, 50; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9, 33, 37, 41, 45, 69, 77, 133; Section Summary, 10, 34, 38, 42, 46, 70, 78, 134; Review and Reinforce, 11, 35, 39, 43, 47, 71, 79, 135; Enrichment, 12, 36, 40, 44, 48, 72, 80, 136 2
A. Identify constancy in some concepts in science that do not change with time such as the speed of light. B. Recognize that change occurs in and among systems and change can be measured. TR: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54; Real World Lab, 55-57, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 37, 69; Section Summary, 14, 38, 70; Review and Reinforce, 15, 39, 71; Enrichment, 16, 40, 72; Skills Lab, 25-26, 57-58; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9, 37, 65; Section Summary, 10, 38, 66; Review and Reinforce, 11, 39, 67; Enrichment, 12, 40, 68; Skills Lab, 53-55; Real World Lab 25-27, 81-83 SE: 46-50, 51-57, 152-159, 184-191, 198-205, 219-226, 265-272, 281, 282-295, 296-301, 302-306, 311, 312-319, 320-322, 323-331, 332-337, 346-353, 358-364, 374-377, 378-385, 386-399, 400-402, 408-415, 416-421, 426-430, 439-448, 476-481, 498-503, 628-635, 654-661, 676-681 TE: 48, 52, 53, 55, 56, 154, 156, 158, 186, 187, 188, 200, 201, 202, 221, 222, 224, 225, 268, 280-281, 283, 285, 287, 298, 303, 304, 310-311, 313, 316, 321, 324, 326, 327, 333, 347, 348, 349, 350, 359, 362, 363, 376, 380, 387, 388, 390, 391, 392, 394, 395, 401, 409, 411, 412, 417, 418, 419, 420, 427, 441, 442, 443, 444, 477, 479, 480, 507, 509, 630, 632, 655, 656, 657, 677 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 43, 47; Section Summary, 44, 48; Review and Reinforce, 45, 49; Enrichment, 46, 50; Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 41, 49, 73, 105; Section Summary, 14, 42, 50, 74, 106; Review and Reinforce, 15, 43, 51, 75, 107; Enrichment, 16, 44, 52, 76, 108; Skills Lab, 57-58, 112-113; Real World Lab, 59-61; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9, 13, 17, 33, 37, 41, 45, 65, 73, 93, 97, 101, 105, 121, 125, 133, 153; Section Summary, 10, 14, 18, 34, 38, 42, 46, 66, 74, 94, 98, 102, 106, 122, 126, 134, 154; Review and Reinforce, 11, 15, 19, 35, 39, 43, 47, 97, 75, 95, 99, 102, 107, 123, 127, 135, 155; Enrichment, 12, 16, 20, 36, 40, 44, 48, 68, 76, 96, 100, 103, 108, 124, 128, 136, 156; Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 137-139; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 137-139; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 41; Section Summary, 14, 42; Review and Reinforce, 15, 43; Enrichment, 16, 44; Skills Lab, 25-26; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 17, 41, 65; Section Summary, 18, 42, 66; Review and Reinforce, 19, 43, 67; Enrichment, 20, 44, 68; Real World Lab, 28-29, 56-57 3
C. Measure in both the metric and U.S. customary system. SE: 24-30, 62-63, 70, 166-167, 204-205, 236-237, 260, 281, 285, 294-295, 300-301, 309, 318-319, 328, 330-331, 345, 359, 360-361, 384-385, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 477, 503, 552-553, 562-564, 623, 675, 752-753 TE: 25, 26, 27, 28, 66, 82, 154, 187, 285, 286, 327, 359, 392, 398, 428-429, 542, 623, 658, 674, 697, 712, 715, 726 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 19; Section Summary, 20; Review and Reinforce, 21; Enrichment, 22; Skills Lab, 31-32 4. Understand the theory that evolution is a process that relates to the gradual changes in the universe and of equilibrium as a physical state. A. Know that the present arises from materials and forms of the past. B. Understand evolution as a series of changes, some gradual and some sporadic, that account for present form and function of objects, organisms, and natural or mechanical systems. C. Know that equilibrium is a physical state in which forces and changes occur in opposite and offsetting directions. SE: 265-272, 296-301, 422-425, 490-492, 622-627 TE: 268, 298, 423, 624, 626 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 105; Section Summary, 106; Review and Reinforce, 107; Enrichment, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 129; Section Summary, 14, 130; Review and Reinforce, 15, 131; Enrichment, 16, 132; Real World Lab, 23-25; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 21; Section Summary, 22; Review and Reinforce, 23; Enrichment, 24; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13; Section Summary, 14; Review and Reinforce, 15; Enrichment, 16 SE: 265-272, 296-301, 422-425, 490-492, 622-627 TE: 268, 298, 423, 624, 626 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 105; Section Summary, 106; Review and Reinforce, 107; Enrichment, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 129; Section Summary, 14, 130; Review and Reinforce, 15, 131; Enrichment, 16, 132; Real World Lab, 23-25; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 21; Section Summary, 22; Review and Reinforce, 23; Enrichment, 24; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13; Section Summary, 14; Review and Reinforce, 15; Enrichment, 16 SE: 22-23, 114-120, 121-127, 152-159, 311, 312-319, 346-353 TE: 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124, 154, 156, 158, 310-311, 313, 316, 347, 348, 349, 350 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 103, 107 4
C. Know that equilibrium is a physical state in which forces and changes occur in opposite and offsetting directions. TR: Section Summary, 104, 108; Review and Reinforce, 105, 109; Enrichment, 106, 110; Skills Lab, 115-116, 117-119; Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13; Section Summary, 14; Review and Reinforce, 15; Enrichment, 16; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 33, 65; Section Summary, 34, 66; Review and Reinforce, 35, 67; Enrichment, 36, 68; Real World Lab, 81-83 5. Understand concepts of form and function. A. Know that form refers to function and function refers to form. SE: 46-50, 51-57, 76-80, 89-97, 98-105, 128-130, 192-197, 219-226, 244-254, 255-259, 260-264, 265-272, 338-340, 386-399, 400-402, 455-458, 476-481, 524-528, 534-537, 548-553, 554-564, 591-600, 636-638, 662-665, 697-704 TE: 48, 52, 53, 55, 56, 77, 79, 90, 91, 92, 100, 129, 194, 221, 222, 224, 245, 246, 247, 249, 258, 262, 263, 268, 339, 387, 388, 390, 391, 392, 394, 395, 401, 477, 479, 480, 525, 526, 527, 535, 537, 549, 550, 555, 557, 593, 594, 595, 597, 598, 599, 637, 638, 663, 664, 699, 700 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 43, 47, 71, 79, 83, 111; Section Summary, 44, 48, 72, 80, 84, 112; Review and Reinforce, 45, 49, 73, 81, 85, 113; Enrichment, 46, 50, 74, 82, 86, 114; Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 45, 73, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 46, 74, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 47, 75, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 48, 75, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Real World Lab, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 49, 101, 105, 161; Section Summary, 50, 102, 106, 162; Review and Reinforce, 51, 103, 107, 163; Enrichment, 52, 104, 108, 164; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13, 53, 69, 77, 81, 113; Section Summary, 14, 54, 70, 78, 82, 114; Review and Reinforce, 15, 55, 71, 79, 83, 115; Enrichment, 16, 56, 72, 80, 84, 116; Skills Lab, 25-26; Real World Lab, 85-86, 87-89; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan,21, 45, 77; Section Summary, 22, 46, 78; Review and Reinforce, 23, 47, 79; Enrichment, 24, 48, 80 5
CONCEPTS OF SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY 1. Understand scientific inquiry and develop critical thinking skills. A. Identify questions and concepts that guide scientific investigations. SE: 17, 30, 38-39, 45, 70, 76, 96-97, 104-105, 113, 120, 136-137, 143, 150-151, 166-167, 177, 190-191, 204-205, 213, 218, 236-237, 243, 252-253, 272, 281, 294-295, 300-301, 311, 318-319, 330-331, 345, 352-353, 360-361, 373, 384-385, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 471, 478-479, 488-489, 497, 503, 518-519, 533, 552-553, 562-564, 569, 580, 586, 611, 620-621, 634-635, 643, 652-653, 660-661, 675, 680-681, 702-703, 709, 717, 734-735 TE: 16-17, 30, 38, 39, 44-45, 70, 74-75, 96, 97, 104, 105, 112, 113, 120, 126, 127, 142-143, 150, 151, 166, 167, 176-177, 190, 191, 204, 205, 212-213, 218, 236, 237, 242-243, 252, 253, 272, 280-281, 294, 295, 300, 301, 310-311, 318, 319, 330, 331, 344-345, 352-353, 360, 361, 372-373, 384, 385, 398, 399, 406-407, 414, 415, 428, 429, 434-435, 446, 447, 470-471, 478, 479, 488, 489, 496-497, 503, 518, 519, 532-533, 552, 553, 562, 563, 564, 568, 569, 580, 586, 610-611, 620, 621, 634, 635, 642-643, 652, 653, 660, 661, 674, 675, 680, 681, 702, 703, 708-709, 717, 734, 735 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61, 62-63, 93-95, 115-116, 117-119; Real World Lab, 33-35, 91-92; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-37, 57-58, 81-82, 112-113; Real World Lab, 28-29, 59-61, 83-85, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-166; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-26, 27-29, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61, 85-86, 87-89, 120-121; Unit 5 Resources: Skills Lab, 53-55, 84-85, 111-113; Real World Lab, 25-27, 28-29, 56-57, 81-83, 109-110 B. Design and conduct scientific investigations. SE: 10, 17, 30, 36, 38-39, 62-63, 70, 75, 96-97, 104-105, 111, 120, 123, 126-127, 141, 150-151, 166-167, 177, 182, 190-191, 204-205, 218, 236-237, 243, 252-253, 294-295, 300-301, 318-319, 330-331, 343, 352-353, 360-361, 370, 384-385, 398-399, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 478-479, 488-489, 503, 518-519, 525, 552-553, 562-564 6
B. Design and conduct scientific investigations. C. Use technology and mathematics to improve investigations and communication. D. Formulate and revise scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence. SE: 580, 586, 620-621, 634-635, 641, 643, 652-653, 660-661, 680-681, 702-703, 717, 734-735, 755 TE: 56, 91, 179, 186, 202, 246, 269, 287, 303, 324, 361, 363, 428-429, 442, 450, 483, 507, 516, 642, 652, 653, 660-661, 663, 680-681, 683, 700, 717, 721 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61, 62-63, 93-95, 115-116, 117-119; Real World Lab, 33-35, 91-92; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab,25-27, 57-58, 81-82, 112-113; Real World Lab, 28-29, 59-61, 83-85, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-167; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-26, 27-29, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61, 85-86, 87-89, 120-121; Unit 5 Resources: Skills Lab, 53-55, 84-85, 111-113; Real World Lab, 25-27, 28-29, 56-57, 81-83, 109-110 SE: 30, 62-63, 272, 294-295, 300-301, 318-319, 330-331, 360-361, 384-385, 398-399, 414-415, 428-429, 503, 518-519, 580 TE: 30, 62-63, 272, 294-295, 300-301, 318-319, 330-331, 360-361, 384-385, 398-399, 414-415, 428-429, 503, 518-519, 580 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 112-113; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-167; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61 SE: 17, 30, 38-39, 45, 70, 75, 76, 96-97, 104-105, 110, 113, 114, 120, 126-127, 143, 152, 155, 161, 166-167, 177, 190-191, 204-205, 211, 213, 218, 231, 236-237, 243, 252-253, 265, 272, 281, 294-295, 300-301, 311, 318-319, 330-331, 345, 352-353, 360-361, 362, 373, 384-385, 389, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 465, 471, 478-479, 488-489, 494, 497, 503, 518-519, 533, 552-553, 554, 562-564, 569, 580, 586, 606, 611, 618, 620-621, 634-635, 643, 652-653, 656, 660-661, 673, 675, 680-681, 702-703, 709, 717, 734-735, 751 TE: 16-17, 27, 30, 35, 38, 39, 44-45, 52, 70, 74-75, 78, 92, 96, 97, 104, 105, 107, 112-113, 116, 120, 122, 126, 127, 142-143, 150, 151, 156 7
D. Formulate and revise scientific explanations and models using logic and evidence. E. Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and models. TE: 166, 167, 176-177, 190, 191, 200, 204, 205, 212-213, 215, 216, 218, 220, 224, 236, 237, 242-243, 245, 249, 252, 253, 268, 272, 280-281, 294, 295, 300, 301, 310-311, 318, 319, 330, 331, 344-345, 352, 353, 356, 360, 361, 366, 372-373, 384, 385, 389, 394, 398, 399, 406-407, 414, 415, 419, 428, 429, 434, 435, 437, 446, 447, 470-471, 478, 479, 484, 488, 489, 496-497, 500, 503, 518, 519, 526, 532-533, 535, 540, 545, 552-553, 557, 562, 563, 564, 568-569, 580, 582, 586, 610-611, 616-618, 620, 621, 634, 635, 637, 642-643, 647, 652, 653, 655, 656, 657, 660-661, 674-675, 677, 680-681, 699, 702, 703, 708, 709, 713, 717, 720, 724, 727, 732, 734, 735, 736 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61, 62-63, 93-95, 115-116, 117-119; Real World Lab, 33-35, 91-92; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-37, 57-58, 81-82, 112-113; Real World Lab, 28-29, 59-61, 83-85, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-166; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-26, 27-29, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61, 85-86, 87-89, 120-121; Unit 5 Resources: Skills Lab, 53-55, 84-85, 111-113; Real World Lab, 25-27, 28-29, 56-57, 81-83, 109-110 SE: 17, 30, 38-39, 45, 70, 75, 76, 96-97, 104-105, 110, 113, 114, 120, 126-127, 143, 152, 155, 161, 166-167, 177, 190-191, 204-205, 211, 213, 218, 231, 236-237, 243, 252-253, 265, 272, 281, 294-295, 300-301, 311, 318-319, 330-331, 345, 352-353, 360-361, 362, 373, 384-385, 389, 398-399, 407, 414-415, 428-429, 435, 446-447, 465, 471, 478-479, 488-489, 494, 497, 503, 518-519, 533, 552-553, 554, 562-564, 569, 580, 586, 606, 611, 618, 620-621, 634-635, 643, 652-653, 656, 660-661, 673, 675, 680-681, 702-703, 709, 717, 734-735, 751 TE: 16-17, 27, 30, 35, 38, 39, 44-45, 52, 70, 74-75, 78, 92, 96, 97, 104, 105, 107, 112-113, 116, 120, 122, 126, 127, 142-143, 150, 151, 156, 166, 167, 176-177, 190, 191, 200, 204, 205, 212-213, 215, 216, 218, 220, 224, 236, 237, 242-243, 245, 249, 252, 253, 268, 272, 280-281, 294, 295, 300, 301, 310-311, 318, 319, 330, 331, 344-345, 352, 353, 356, 360, 361, 366 8
E. Recognize and analyze alternative explanations and models. F. Communicate and defend a scientific argument. G. Know the differences among observations, hypotheses, and theories. TE: 372-373, 384, 385, 389, 394, 398, 399, 406-407, 414, 415, 419, 428, 429, 434, 435, 437, 446, 447, 470-471, 478, 479, 484, 488, 489, 496-497, 500, 503, 518, 519, 526, 532-533, 535, 540, 545, 552-553, 557, 562, 563, 564, 568-569, 580, 582, 586, 610-611, 616-618, 620, 621, 634, 635, 637, 642-643, 647, 652, 653, 655, 656, 657, 660-661, 674-675, 677, 680-681, 699, 702, 703, 708, 709, 713, 717, 720, 724, 727, 732, 734, 735, 736 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Skills Lab, 31-32, 59-61, 62-63, 93-95, 115-116, 117-119; Real World Lab, 33-35, 91-92; Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-37, 57-58, 81-82, 112-113; Real World Lab, 28-29, 59-61, 83-85, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Skills Lab, 21-22, 53-54, 84-85, 109-111, 137-139, 165-166; Real World Lab, 23-25, 55-57, 81-83, 112-113, 140-141; Unit 4 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-26, 27-29, 57-58, 117-119; Real World Lab, 59-61, 85-86, 87-89, 120-121; Unit 5 Resources: Skills Lab, 53-55, 84-85, 111-113; Real World Lab, 25-27, 28-29, 56-57, 81-83, 109-110 SE: 15, 27, 42, 45, 75, 79, 110, 113, 124, 132, 137, 150-151, 161, 174, 210, 213, 228, 240, 243, 249, 270, 274, 300-301, 311, 342, 355, 370, 373, 390, 393, 432, 433, 451, 471, 494, 530, 533, 566, 569, 603, 643, 668, 672, 678, 695, 709, 715, 731, 738, 743 TE: 29, 48, 49, 72, 82, 123, 228, 259, 306, 315, 317, 322, 325, 327, 329, 335, 339, 340, 349, 351, 355, 357, 359, 364, 368, 437, 438, 441, 443, 445, 451, 453, 454, 458, 461, 487, 507, 522, 535, 543, 558, 583, 613, 615, 617, 619, 623, 625, 626, 627, 629, 631, 633, 637, 638, 642, 645, 647, 651, 655, 657, 663, 664, 665, 667, 668, 669, 670, 674, 677, 678, 679, 686, 685, 687, 689, 693, 694, 695, 696, 699, 701, 704, 708, 710, 711, 712, 713, 715, 719, 721, 723, 725, 727, 729, 730, 731, 733, 737, 738, 739, 740 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Skills Lab, 25-27; Unit 3 Resources: Real World Lab, 23-25 SE: 4-9 TE: 5, 6 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 2; Section Summary, 3; Review and Reinforce, 4; Enrichment, 5 9
CONCEPTS OF PHYSICAL SCIENCE 1. Understand the structure of atoms. A. Know the function and location of protons, neutrons, and electrons. B. Understand the processes of fission and fusion. SE: 76-80 TE: 77, 79 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 71; Section Summary, 72; Review and Reinforce, 73; Enrichment, 74 SE: 106-108, 413, 423 TE: 107 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan,87; Section Summary, 88; Review and Reinforce, 89; Enrichment, 90 C. Know the characteristics of isotopes. SE: 265-271 TE: 268 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 105; Section Summary, 106; Review and Reinforce, 107; Enrichment, 108 D. Know the basic electrical properties of matter. SE: 76-80, 114-120, 121-127 TE: 77, 79, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 71, 103, 107; Section Summary, 72, 104, 108; Review and Reinforce, 73, 105, 109; Enrichment, 74, 106, 110 2. Understand the structure and function of matter and molecules and their interactions. A. Know how atoms interact with one another by transferring or sharing electrons. B. Know how bonds between atoms are created when electrons are shared or transferred to form molecules or ionic substances. SE: 114-120, 121-127 TE: 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 103, 107; Section Summary, 104, 108; Review and Reinforce, 105, 109; Enrichment, 106, 110 SE: 114-120, 121-127 TE: 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 103, 107; Section Summary, 104, 108; Review and Reinforce, 105, 109; Enrichment, 106, 110 10
C. Know how the physical properties of compounds reflect the nature of the interactions among its molecules. D. Know how solids, liquids, and gases differ in the energy that bonds them together. SE: 114-120, 121-127 TE: 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 122, 124 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 103, 107; Section Summary, 104, 108; Review and Reinforce, 105, 109; Enrichment, 106, 110 SE: 45, 46-50, 64-70 TE: 44-45, 48, 65, 66, 67 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 43, 55; Section Summary, 44, 56; Review and Reinforce, 45, 57; Enrichment, 46, 58 3. Understand chemical reactions. A. Know that chemical reactions may release or consume energy. B. Know that chemical reactions can occur in time periods that vary from very fast to very slow and that catalysts can affect the rate of a chemical reaction. C. Identify chemical reactions that are occurring all around us. SE: 144-151 TE: 147 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9; Section Summary, 10; Review and Reinforce, 11; Enrichment, 12; Skills Lab, 25-27 SE: 160-167 TE: 163, 164 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 17; Section Summary, 18; Review and Reinforce, 19; Enrichment, 20; Real World Lab, 28-29 SE: 143, 144-151 TE: 142, 143, 147 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9; Section Summary, 10; Review and Reinforce, 11; Enrichment, 12; Skills Lab, 25-27 4. Understand concepts of motion and force s. A. Know that gravitational force and electrical force are universal forces. B. Know that objects change their motion only when a net force is applied. SE: 326-329, 413, 628-635 TE: 327, 630, 632 TR: Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 17; Section Summary, 18; Review and Reinforce, 19; Enrichment, 20; Real World Lab, 28-29 SE: 311, 312-319 TE: 310-311, 313, 316 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 33; Section Summary, 34; Review and Reinforce, 35; Enrichment, 36; Skills Lab, 53-54 11
C. Understand that moving electrical charges produce magnetic forces, and moving magnets produce electrical forces. SE: 611, 628-635, 636-638 TE: 610-611, 630, 632, 637, 638 TR: Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 17, 21; Section Summary, 18, 22; Review and Reinforce, 19, 23; Enrichment, 20, 24; Real World Lab, 28-29 5. Understand that the total energy in the universe is constant. A. Understand that energy can be transferred but it can neither be destroyed nor created B. Know that energy can be classified as either potential energy, kinetic energy, or energy contained by a field. C. Know that heat is evidenced by random motion and the vibrations of atoms, molecules, and ions. D. Know that energy is transferred by various types of waves and by electrons flowing through matter. SE: 416-421 TE: 417, 418, 419, 420 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 125; Section Summary, 126; Review and Reinforce, 127; Enrichment, 128 SE: 408-415 TE: 409, 411, 412 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 121; Section Summary, 122; Review and Reinforce, 123; Enrichment, 124 SE: 435, 436-438 TE: 434-435, 437 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan,149; Section Summary, 150; Review and Reinforce, 151; Enrichment, 152 SE: 471, 472-475, 534-537 TE: 470-471, 473, 475, 535, 537 TR: Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 9, 69; Section Summary, 10, 70; Review and Reinforce, 11, 71; Enrichment, 12, 72 CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR CONCEPTS 1. Understand the cell is the basis of form and function for all living things and how living things carry out their life functions. A. Know the cells have particular structures that underlie their functions. B. Know that most cell functions involve chemical reactions. SE: 227-238 TE: 228, 230, 233, 234 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 77; Section Summary, 78; Review and Reinforce, 79; Enrichment, 80; Real World Lab, 83-85 12
C. Know that cells store and use information in the form of DNA to guide their functions. D. Know that cell functions are regulated by expressed genes that provide code for the synthesis of proteins. E. Know that cellular differentiation is regulated through the expression of different genes. A single cell can differentiate to form the many specialized cells, tissues and organs. SE: 233-234 TE: 233, 234 SE: 233-234 TE: 233, 234 SE: 234 TE: 234 2. Understand the form and function of D. A. Know that the instructions for specifying the characteristics of the organism are carried in DNA. B. Know that genetic information is both encoded in genes and replicated. C. Know that most of the cells in a human contain 23 pairs of chromosomes, and that transmission of chromosomal information to offspring occurs through the combination of egg and sperm cells. D. Know that changes in DNA (mutations) occur spontaneously at low rates. Some of these changes make no difference to the organism whereas others can change cells and organisms. Only mutations in gametes can create the variation that changes an organism s off-spring. E. Know that DNA plays a major role in health issues. Through the development of new technologies we have discovered new information about the human genome, medical disorders, and forensic sciences. SE: 234 TE: 234 SE: 234 TE: 234 SE: 234 TE: 234 SE: 234 TE: 234 SE: 234 TE: 234 13
INTERDEPENDENCE OF ORGANISMS AND FIOLOGICAL CHANGE 1. Understand the theory of biological evolution. A. Know that the theory of evolution explains how species evolve over time and how evolution is the consequence of interactions of: Potential of a species to increase its numbers Genetic variability A finite supply of resources Selection by the environment of those offspring better able to survive and leave offspring. B. Know that natural selection and its evolutionary consequences provide a scientific explanation for the fossil record of ancient life forms, as well as for the striking molecular similarities observed among the diverse species of organisms. C. Know that the theory of evolution explains how different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms that live on earth today are related by descent from common ancestors. D. Know that biological classifications are based on similarities, which reflect their evolutionary relationships. 2. Understand the interdependence of organisms. A. Know that atoms and molecules cycle among the living and nonliving components of the biosphere. B. Trace energy flows through ecosystems in one direction, from photosynthetic organisms to herbivores to carnivores and decomposers. C. Know that organisms both cooperate and compete in ecosystems. 14
D. Know that living organisms have the capacity to produce populations of infinite size, but environments and resources are finite. E. Know that human beings live within the world s ecosystems. Increasingly, humans modify ecosystems as a result of population growth, technology, and consumption MATTER, ENERGY, AND ORGANIZATION IN LIVING SYSTEMS. 1. Understand the relationship between matter, energy, and organization to trace matter as it cycles and energy as it flows through living systems and between living systems and the environment. A. Know that all matter tends toward more disorganized states. B. Know that living systems require a continuous input of energy to maintain their chemical and physical organization. C. Know that the energy for life is primarily derived from the sun through photosynthesis. D. Understand cellular respiration and the synthesis of macromolecules. E. Know that chemical bonds of food molecules contain energy, which is released when the bonds are broken. SE: 18-23 TE: 19, 20, 22 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 15; Section Summary, 16; Review and Reinforce, 17; Enrichment, 18 SE: 227-238, 417, 422-425 TE: 228, 230, 233, 234, 423 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 77; Section Summary, 78; Review and Reinforce, 79; Enrichment, 80; Real World Lab, 83-85; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 129; Section Summary, 130; Review and Reinforce, 131; Enrichment, 132 SE: 422-425 TE: 423 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 129; Section Summary, 130; Review and Reinforce, 131; Enrichment, 132 SE: 228, 422-425 TE: 423 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 129; Section Summary, 130; Review and Reinforce, 131; Enrichment, 132 SE: 227-238 TE: 228, 230, 233, 234 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 77; Section Summary, 78; Review and Reinforce, 79; Enrichment, 80; Real World Lab, 83-85 15
F. Know that cells usually store energy as Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) G. Know that the distribution and abundance of organisms and populations in ecosystems are limited by the availability of matter and energy. H. Trace how matter cycles and energy flows through different levels of organization of living systems cells, organs, organisms, communities and between living systems and the physical environment. SE: 422-425 TE: 423 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 129; Section Summary, 130; Review and Reinforce, 131; Enrichment, 132 2. Understand the individual behavior of organisms and their interactions in populations and communities as influenced by physiological and environmental factors. A. Know that multi-cellular animals have nervous systems that generate behavior. B. Know that the nerve cells communicate with each other by secreting specific excitatory and inhibitory molecules. C. Know that organisms have behavioral responses to internal changes and to external stimuli. The broad patterns of behavior have evolved to ensure reproductive success. D. Know that behaviors often have an adaptive logic when viewed in terms of natural selection. EARTH AND SPACE SYSTEMS. 1. Understand scientific theories of origin and subsequent changes in the universe and earth systems. A. Know that current scientific theory suggests that the Sun, the Earth, and the rest of the solar system formed from a nebular cloud of dust and gas. B. Know methods used to estimate geologic time (observing rock sequences and using fossils to correlate the sequences at various locations). 16
C. Know that interactions among the solid earth, the oceans, the atmosphere, and organisms have resulted in the ongoing change of the earth system. Some activities are observable (earthquakes and volcanic eruptions) but many take place over hundreds of millions of years. D. Know that the development of life caused dramatic changes in the composition of the earth s atmosphere. E. Know that the universe is constantly expanding. F. Know the life history of stars and galaxies. 2. Understand geo-chemical cycles and energy in the earth system. A. Know that earth systems have internal and external sources of energy, both of which create heat. The sun is the major external source of energy. B. Know that the two primary sources of internal energy are the decay of radioactive isotopes and the gravitational energy from the earth s original formation. C. Know that the outward transfer of earth s internal heat drives convection circulation in the mantle that propels the plates comprising the earth s surface across the face of the globe. D. Know that the heating of the earth s surface and atmosphere by the sun drive convection within the atmosphere and oceans, producing winds and ocean currents. SE: 686-689 TE: 687, 688 SE: 296-301 TE: 298 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 13; Section Summary, 14; Review and Reinforce, 15; Enrichment, 16; Real World Lab, 23-25 17
E. Know that global climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun at and near the earth s surface. F. Know that the movement of matter through the solid earth, oceans and atmosphere is driven by the earth s internal and external sources of energy. Theses movements are often accompanied by a change in the physical and chemical properties of matter. TECHNOLOGY 1. Understand the relationship between science and technology and develop the abilities of technological design and application. A. Know the ways that science advances technology and technology advances science SE: 9, 12-13, 95, 172, 238, 243, 244-254, 255-259, 260-264, 265-272, 288-289, 338-340, 365-368, 397, 448, 462-469, 523, 538-547, 548-553, 554-564, 591-600, 636-638, 710-717, 718-725, 726-735, 736-740 TE: 242-243, 245, 246, 247, 249, 258, 262, 263, 268, 339, 366, 539, 540, 541, 542, 545, 549, 550, 555, 557, 593, 594, 595, 597, 598, 599, 637, 638, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 727, 729, 732, 739 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Real World Lab, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 49, 77; Section Summary, 50, 78; Review and Reinforce, 51, 79; Enrichment, 52, 80; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 73, 77, 81, 113; Section Summary, 74, 78, 82, 114; Review and Reinforce, 75, 79, 82, 115; Enrichment, 76, 80, 83, 116; Real World Lab, 85-86, 87-89; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 21, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 22, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 23, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 24, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 111-113; Real World Lab, 109-110 18
B. Recognize that science and technology are pursued for different purposes and that Scientific inquiry is driven by the desire to understand the natural world and technological design is driven by the need to meet human needs and solve human problems. B. Recognize that science and technology are pursued for different purposes and that Scientific inquiry is driven by the desire to understand the natural world and technological design is driven by the need to meet human needs and solve human problems. C. Know that critical thinking, creativity, imagination, and a good knowledge base are all required in the work of science and engineering. D. Know the elements of technological design, which include the following: Identify a problem or design an opportunity Propose designs and choose between alternative solutions Implement a proposed solution Evaluate the solution and its consequences Communicate the problem, process, and solution. SE: 9, 12-13, 95, 172, 238, 243, 244-254, 255-259, 260-264, 265-272, 288-289, 338-340, 365-368, 397, 448, 462-469, 523, 538-547, 548-553, 554-564, 591-600, 636-638, 710-717, 718-725, 726-735, 736-740 TE: 242-243, 245, 246, 247, 249, 258, 262, 263, 268, 339, 366, 539, 540, 541, 542, 545, 549, 550, 555, 557, 593, 594, 595, 597, 598, 599, 637, 638, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 720, 721 TE: 722, 723, 724, 727, 729, 732, 739 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Real World Lab, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 49, 77; Section Summary, 50, 78; Review and Reinforce, 51, 79; Enrichment, 52, 80; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 73, 77, 81, 113; Section Summary, 74, 78, 82, 114; Review and Reinforce, 75, 79, 82, 115; Enrichment, 76, 80, 83, 116; Real World Lab, 85-86, 87-89; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 21, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 22, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 23, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 24, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 111-113; Real World Lab, 109-110 SE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 2; Section Summary, 3; Review and Reinforce, 4; Enrichment, 5 SE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 2; Section Summary, 3; Review and Reinforce, 4; Enrichment, 5 19
E. Use available technology to assist in solving problems. SE: 26-27, 78-79, 95, 172, 238, 248-249, 254, 288-289, 392-393, 397, 448, 523, 547, 558-559, 596-597, 694-695, 704, 730-731, 740 TE: 26-27, 78-79, 95, 172, 238, 248-249, 254, 288-289, 392-393, 397, 448, 523, 547, 558-559, 596-597, 694-695, 704, 730-731, 740 PERSOL AND SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES. 1. Understand common environmental quality issues, both natural and human induced. A. Identify issues, including but not limited to: Water quality Air quality Hazardous waste Forest health. SE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Real World Lab, 109-111 2. Understand the causes and effects of population change. A. Understand the impact of technological development and the growth of human population on the living and nonliving environment B. Understand the impact of population change on natural resources and community infrastructure. SE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Real World Lab, 109-111 SE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TE: 95, 172, 238, 250-251, 252-253, 254, 271, 276-279, 397, 421, 448, 523, 547, 686-689, 704 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Real World Lab, 109-111 3. Understand the importance of natural resources and the need to manage and conserve them. A. Understand the differences between renewable and nonrenewable resources. SE: 686-689 TE: 687, 688 20
B. Understand the differences between preservation and conservation. C. Understand the role and effect of management of natural resources. SE: 686-689 TE: 687, 688 SE: 686-689 TE: 687, 688 4. Understand different uses of technology in science and how they affect our standard of living. A. Identify examples of technologies used in scientific fields, including but not limited to: Weather forecasting Food production Environmental cleanup Advances in medicine Communications The space program. SE: 9, 12-13, 95, 172, 238, 243, 244-254, 255-259, 260-264, 265-272, 288-289, 338-340, 365-368, 397, 448, 462-469, 523, 538-547, 548-553, 554-564, 591-600, 636-638, 710-717, 718-725, 726-735, 736-740 TE: 242-243, 245, 246, 247, 249, 258, 262, 263, 268, 339, 366, 539, 540, 541, 542, 545, 549, 550, 555, 557, 593, 594, 595, 597, 598, 599, 637, 638, 712, 713, 714, 715, 716, 720, 721, 722, 723, 724, 727, 729, 732, 739 TR: Unit 2 Resources: Lesson Plan, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 112-113; Real World Lab, 109-111; Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 49, 77; Section Summary, 50, 78; Review and Reinforce, 51, 79; Enrichment, 52, 80; Unit 4 Resources: Lesson Plan, 73, 77, 81, 113; Section Summary, 74, 78, 82, 114; Review and Reinforce, 75, 79, 82, 115; Enrichment, 76, 80, 83, 116; Real World Lab, 85-86, 87-89; Unit 5 Resources: Lesson Plan, 21, 93, 97, 101, 105; Section Summary, 22, 94, 98, 102, 106; Review and Reinforce, 23, 95, 99, 103, 107; Enrichment, 24, 96, 100, 104, 108; Skills Lab, 111-113; Real World Lab, 109-110 HISTORY OF SCIENCE. 21
1. Understand the significance of major scientific milestones. A. Understand the social and economic impact of historical scientific events. B. Understand the contributions of notable scientists. SE: 26-27, 78-79, 248-249, 288-289, 392-393, 558-559, 596-597, 694-695, 730-731 TE: 26-27, 78-79, 248-249, 288-289, 392-393, 558-559, 596-597, 694-695, 730-731 SE: 32-33, 78-79, 82-83, 248-249, 276-279, 312-319, 320-322, 332-337, 365-368 TE: 313, 316, 321, 333, 366 TR: Unit 3 Resources: Lesson Plan, 33, 37, 45, 77; Section Summary, 34, 38, 46, 78; Review and Reinforce, 35, 39, 47, 79; Enrichment, 36, 40, 48, 80; Skills Lab, 53-54 INTERDISCIPLIRY CONCEPTS 1. Understand that interpersonal relationships are important in scientific endeavors. A. Know the importance of working in interdisciplinary teams to solve scientific problems. SE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TE: 1-3, 4-9, 12-13 TR: Unit 1 Resources: Lesson Plan, 2; Section Summary, 3; Review and Reinforce, 4; Enrichment, 5 2. Understand technical communication. A. Read for information. SE: 17, 45, 75, 113, 143, 177, 213, 243, 281, 311, 345, 373, 407, 435, 471, 497, 533, 569, 611, 643, 675, 709 TE: 16-17, 44-45, 74-75, 112-113, 142-143, 146-177, 212-213, 242-243, 280-281, 310-311, 344-345, 372-373, 406-407, 434-435, 470-471, 496-497, 532-533, 568-569, 610-611, 642-643, 674-675, 708-709 22
B. Write and articulate technical information. SE: 17, 45, 75, 113, 143, 177, 213, 243, 281, 311, 345, 373, 407, 435, 471, 497, 533, 569, 611, 643, 675, 709 TE: 16-17, 44-45, 74-75, 112-113, 142-143, 146-177, 212-213, 242-243, 280-281, 310-311, 344-345, 372-373, 406-407, 434-435, 470-471, 496-497, 532-533, 568-569, 610-611, 642-643, 674-675, 708-709 23