Regional Initiatives on Land Use and Transportation Alicia Hopkins, AICP, Senior Transportation Planner North Central Texas Council of Governments SEE Development Excellence Day November 2005 North Central Texas Council of Governments
City Comparisons Fort Worth = Denver Irving = Orlando Arlington = Pittsburgh Dallas = San Diego
Regional Snapshot 5.8 million people 1.13 million Hispanic, 112% increase 1990-2000 Asian population increase over 100% 1990-2000 40% renter-occupied housing Mean travel time to work 27.5 minutes 57% of population has some college experience Mobile population: 55% of the population has moved since 1995 Average household income $63,874 48% of the housing stock was built in the last 25 years Average home value $100,000 Source: US Census Bureau, NCTCOG-RIS
Housing Unit Completions 1993-2003 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Single Family Multi-Family
Infill Growth and TIF Districts Summary of Regional Tax Increment Financing District Information Fiscal Year Number of TIF Districts Total Revenue 2001 25 $35,744,073 2002 28 $75,917,080 2003 32 $65,038,312
Infill Growth and TIF Districts State-Thomas Example Revenues fromtax Increment for State-Thomas TIF District 6,400,000 $6,208,040.00 Value in Dollars 5,600,000 4,800,000 4,000,000 3,200,000 2,400,000 1,600,000 800,000 0 $57,598.48 $16,622.98 $6,092.98 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Year
Regional Growth Projections 2000 2005 2010 2020 2030 Total Population 5,148,471 5,873,725 6,426,432 7,768,929 9,252,945 Household Population 5,067,393 5,781,225 6,328,181 7,646,584 9,107,229 Total Households 1,886,747 2,149,888 2,350,305 2,851,410 3,396,124 Total Employment 3,158,202 3,569,201 3,896,953 4,658,669 5,416,718
Projected Growth and Transportation Funding shortfall of $3.14 billion for transportation improvements in the region s long-range plan Congestion will cost the region $11.8 billion in delays in 2025 From 1995 to 1999, vehicle miles traveled (VMT) increased 18.4%, while signal and congestion delay time increased 37% Growth in VMT and congestion threatens air quality conformity
HISTORICAL TRENDS FOR 1-HOUR OZONE EXCEEDANCES DFW Nonattainment Area 14 12 Highest Number of Exceedances at any Given Monitor 10 8 6 4 2 Attainment Goal * 3 ----------------------------------------- 0 1994-1996 1995-1997 1996-1998 1997-1999 1998-2000 1999-2001 2000-2002 2001-2003 2002-2004 2003-2005 Consecutive 3-Year Periods *Attainment Goal - According to the US EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards, attainment is reached when there are no more than 3 exceedances per monitor within a consecutive 3-year period. Source: NCTCOG Transportation Dept September 2005
Projected Growth and Air Quality Urbanized area of the region violates both the 1-hour and 8-hour federal health standard for ground level ozone Transportation Funding is dependent on air quality conformity Mobile Sources are the leading cause of Nitrogen Oxide emissions Energy efficiency measures needed to reduce point source emissions from power plants On-Road Vehicles 50% Non-Road Engines 36% Point 10% Area 4% Source: Revisions To The State Implementation Plan for the Control of Ozone Air Pollution - Attainment Demonstration for the Dallas/Fort Worth Ozone Nonattainment Area, TNRCC, February 24, 1999, Figure 2.7-4
NCTCOG Regional Response Highland Park Village, Courtesy of Scott Polikov Target the Land Use Transportation Connection as a Long-term Air Quality Improvement Strategy Can I walk from here to there?
The Regional Transportation Council s Sustainable Development Policy Utilize Existing System Capacity Single use area type, non-transit, connected to existing infrastructure Infill rail Infill mixed use with rail access Commuter rail/light rail in single use areas Improve Rail Mobility Infill mixed use Mixed use with rail Promote Mixed Use Stand alone mixed use Improve Access Management Shared drives/parking, spacing of turns/signals
Local Strategy Improve Transportation Access to Infill Developments Cockrell Hill Interchange Example Completion Date: 2001 Project Cost: $16.2 million Increase in Total Value: (Land and Improvements) 1999 - $4.8 million 2004 - $193.4 million Cockrell Hill at I-30 (2000) Developing employment nodes in low income areas reduces vehicle miles traveled by older vehicles and improves air quality Cockrell Hill at I-30 (2004)
Local Strategy: Adopt Density, Building Use And Design Criteria Consistent With Historic Downtown Developments Central Fort Worth Example Wide range of housing and employment options are available within or a short distance from the city center Combination of land uses are arranged for pedestrians Building fronts and sidewalks are regulated to a pedestrian friendly form Transit service is effective and allows for maximum of activity while minimizing air quality impacts
Local Strategy: Establish A Zone Where TOD Can Be Accepted And Marketable McKinney Avenue Trolley Example Pre WWII - Part of Dallas original trolley car system 1950 s - Service abandoned 1980 s - Public and private partnerships develop to restore service in 1989 1990 s - Trolley service helps to define and brand the surging Uptown District Current - Service extensions increase functionality and use; both the trolley and walking in the district improve air quality
Local Strategy Expand Rail Access Dallas Area Rapid Transit Example 1 1999 25% greater increase in commercial valuations around DART Stations than control areas. 2002 66% greater increase in multifamily residential valuations around DART Stations than control areas. 2002 115% greater increase in office valuations around DART Stations than control areas. 2005 $3.3 billion in new investment has been announced, broken ground or been planned near DART Stations since 1999. 1 Data reported by the University of North Texas
NCTCOG Scenario Planning Rail Alternative Future Test Increased Transit Oriented Development And Preservation of Rural Areas Regional Control Total: 8.4 million people in the Metropolitan Planning Area in 2030
Regional Rail System
MARKET DEMAND FOR HOUSING NEAR TRANSIT Conservative Analysis* 25% of future households will desire a transit zone.** 2,344,320 additional people by 2025 = 586,080 new people desiring a transit zone household 100 new stations planned by 2025 = 24 units/per acre net needed at each new station * Market Includes New Households and Stations Only ** National Market Demand Study for 2025, Transit Zone is Defined as the ¼ Mile Radius Around a Rail Station.
Sensitivity Analysis 1 Benefits of Alternative Demographic Scenarios Data of Interest Rail Scenario 2 Infill Scenario 3 MPA Rail Transit Boardings + 52% + 9% MPA Vehicle Miles Traveled - 6% - 5% Total Vehicle Hours of Delay - 24.0% - 19.0% Lane Mile Needs - 13.0% - 10.0% Financial Transportation Needs (billions) - $9.5 - $6.7 Roadway Pavement Needs - 8.3 sq. mi. - 6.5 sq. mi. NOx Emissions (Nitrogen Oxides) - 4.1% - 3.9% 1. Sensitivity Analysis of 2030 transportation system changing population and employment trends occurring between 2010 and 2030. 2. Alternative demographic scenario that redistributed population and employment to rail areas 3. Alternative demographic scenario that redistributed population and employment to infill areas
Sample Local Land Use Policies with Transportation Benefit Expand direct access to freight rail for truck dependent businesses Promote multiple intense development centers Increase population and employment at rail stations Encourage central city and southern sector growth Address mobility needs around rail stations to mitigate localized congestion Limit residential densities away from rail service and existing employment centers Preserve large lots/small farms in rural/suburban areas
2001 Sustainable Development Call for Projects October 2001, RTC Approval 19 Land Use/Transportation Projects 1 Rail Corridor Study of 10 Corridors 1 Outreach Program: Center of Development Excellence $40.8 million in federal funds (CMAQ and STP-MM)
2001 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Lessons Learned NCTCOG should provide a clear definition of project types that reduce vehicle miles traveled early in the process. NCTCOG should provide more education on federal requirements regarding funding, air quality conformity steps, and the TxDOT process. City council endorsement of the development partner and prioritization of individual projects is needed. Local zoning/development regulations allowing the proposed project need to be in place by the submission deadline. Local government funds need to be identified and available. There should be more coordination between NCTCOG, the local government, and the developer on the specific capital investment strategy. * Funding will be removed from all projects awarded in the 2001 Call for Projects that do not have a signed LPAFA by January 20, 2006.
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects The Regional Transportation Council Approved $40.61 million to promote development types that reduce the overall demand for transportation infrastructure and improve air quality.
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Screening/Project Selection Process Funding For: Transportation Infrastructure Land Banking (not to exceed 20% of total sustainable development funds) Center of Development Excellence Local Sustainable Development Planning Programs Funding Goals: Expand Rail Service Accessibility Support Transit-Oriented Developments Support Local Infill Developments Minimum Criteria For Transportation Infrastructure: Consistent With Areas of Interest Correct Zoning In Place Public/Private Partnership Incentives For: Housing-Income Match Workforce Housing Near Transit Areas with High Emitting Vehicles Density/Walkability Mix of Residential and Non-Residential Uses Job Creation In High Unemployment Areas Public sector action to un-bank previously banked land Approved by Regional Transportation Council October 13, 2005
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Sustainable Development Areas of Interest Approved by Regional Transportation Council October 13, 2005 Denton Collin Sustainable Development Areas of Interest Legend Sustainable Development Focus Areas Major Roadways Mobility 2025 Rail System Dallas-Fort Worth Nine County Nonattainment Area Major Lakes Rockwall Parker Tarrant Dallas Kaufman Focus Areas Rail: Walking Distance to Current or Potential Future Station Location Infill: Developed Area With a Concentration of Unemployed Persons, High Emitting Vehicles, or Low Income Households Johnson Ellis Infill: Historic Downtowns With Multiple Contiguous Street Block Frontage of Pedestrian-Oriented Developments North Central Texas Council of Governments Transportation Department
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Final Funding Distribution By Category And Subregion 1 FY 2005-2009 Programs STP-MM CMAQ RTC/Local Total Western Allocation Eastern Allocation Arterial Street Program 2 $29.86 $29.86 $13.91 $15.95 Local Air Quality Program 3,7 +7.34 ' 35.32 42.66 13.22 29.44 Freeway Interchange and Bottleneck Program (1/3 federal, 1/3 State, 1/3 local) 37.72 $37.72 7.66 30.06 Arterial Intersection/Bottleneck Program 4,7 9.06 21.57 $30.63 15.66 14.97 High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes 18.87 $18.87 0.00 18.87 Intelligent Transportation Systems 5 29.19 $29.19 6.57 22.62 Transit (Partnership Program 2) 109.49 $109.49 33.94 75.55 Sustainable Development Projects/Programs '+3.61 '+5.21 31.79 40.61 12.59 28.02 6 Cost Overrun/Emergency/New Projects 7.06 19.73 3.53 30.32 10.95 19.37 $87.31 $211.40 $70.64 $369.35 $114.50 $254.85 Notes: 1 All funds are reflected in millions of dollars. 2 Includes addition of lanes projects and new roadway projects. 3 Includes new 8-hour improvements, alternative fuel vehicle technology, bicycle/pedestrian regional connections, special studies/other, traffic signal improvements, travel demand management/park-and-ride, intermodal/freight projects, and local match for other federal projects. 4 Includes safety projects, grade separations, intersection improvements, and bottleneck removals. 5 Includes mobility assistance crews. 6 New projects may include quiet zones, other air quality projects, etc. 7 Local governments and transportation entities within the nine county ozone nonattainment area are eligible for funding under this program.
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects 2005-2006 Call for Projects Timeline Partnership Programs 2 And 3 Timeframe For RTC Action Programs Submittal Deadline Project Proposals Due by 5:00 P.M. May/Jun 2005 Jul/Aug 2005 Aug/Sep 2005 Implementation Timeline Sep/Oct 2005 Nov/Dec 2005 Jan/Feb 2006 Mar/Apr 2006 May/Jun 2006 Arterial Street Program 2 November 4, 2005 Local Air Quality Program 3,7 Freeway Interchange and Bottleneck Program (1/3 federal, 1/3 State, 1/3 local) October 7, 2005 Under Review Arterial Intersection/Bottleneck Program 4,7 November 4, 2005 High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes -- HOV Commitments Being Monitored Intelligent Transportation Systems 5 November 4, 2005 Transit (Partnership Program 2) August 12, 2005 Sustainable Development Projects/Programs Cost Overrun/Emergency/New Projects 6 January 20, 2006 On Hold Notes: 1 All funds are reflected in millions of dollars. 2 Includes addition of lanes projects and new roadway projects. 3 Includes new 8-hour improvements, alternative fuel vehicle technology, bicycle/pedestrian regional connections, special studies/other, traffic signal improvements, travel demand management/park-and-ride, intermodal/freight projects, and local match for other federal projects. 4 Includes safety projects, grade separations, intersection improvements, and bottleneck removals. 5 Includes mobility assistance crews. 6 New projects may include quiet zones, other air quality projects, etc. 7 Local governments and transportation entities within the nine county ozone nonattainment area are eligible for funding under this program. Draft Recommendations = Presented to STTC
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Local/Federal Funding Comparison Project Development Step Federal Funds Local Funds 1 Project funding paid on a reimbursement basis 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NCTCOG/RTC released from all liability and bears no maintenance responsibility Project start date dependent on inclusion in statewide funding document and resulting federal authorization Project agreement contract required prior to incurring costs Federal Project Authorization and Agreement required prior to incurring costs Project plans and design approved by local government entity Project plans and design dependent on TxDOT District and TxDOT Austin review and approval Letting process/bid schedule dependent upon local requirements X Letting process/bid schedule conforms to TxDOT process X Construction management and inspection authority held by TxDOT X X X X Best case timeframe from award to start of construction 2 4 Years 6 18 months 1. Local funds will allow more projects to be built. Total Project Cost Higher Lower 1
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Timeline October 17, 2005 October 17 2005 - January 20, 2006 October 17-18, 2005 January 20, 2006 January 25-26, 2006 Meetings February 24, 2006 April 13, 2006 Letter to Sustainable Development Partners Issuing Call for Projects Meet With Project Sponsors Sustainable Development Public Meetings Project Proposals Due by 5:00 p.m. Sustainable Development Public Draft Staff Recommendations to STTC RTC Action on Final Project Recommendations
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Application Process Apply online beginning November 1, 2005 at: www.nctcog.org/trans/sustdev/landuse/funding/2005.asp Submit an electronic application and two paper copies of a completed and signed application to NCTCOG offices by 5 p.m., January 20, 2006. Include all materials necessary for application: Public/private contact information Description of need, purpose, and benefits of overall project Description and data on any proposed development Current aerial Proposed site plan Zoning/development code applicable to project area Current and proposed land use maps Map of impacted parcels Detailed budget for requested transportation infrastructure Summary Powerpoint slides
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects Rules General Conditions Conditions for Local Sustainable Development Planning Programs Conditions for Land Banking Projects Conditions for Transportation Infrastructure
2005 Sustainable Development Call for Projects For Additional Information Alicia Hopkins, AICP ahopkins@nctcog.org (817) 608-2380 or www.nctcog.org/trans/sustdev/landuse/funding/