Design Specification Tools Wood E Design For LP I Joists, LP LSL and LP LVL User Guide 2011.2 release rev. 6/16/11 2004-2011 Louisiana Pacific Corporation. All rights reserved. All Trademarks owned by Louisiana-Pacific Corporation.
COPYRIGHT 2002-2011 by Louisiana Pacific Corporation All rights reserved. No part of the contents of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of the publisher. For written permission, contact Louisiana Pacific Corporation at: LP 411 Union St. Suite 2000 Nashville, TN 37219 U.S.A. TRADEMARKS is the registered trademark of Louisiana Pacific Corporation. LP and Wood-E are registered trademarks of Louisiana Pacific Corporation.
Chapter 1 Introduction What is Wood E Design? LP s Wood E Design software enhances your in house design capabilities. It offers accurate designs for a wide variety of applications. Wood E Design enables the designer to analyze complex loads, multiple spans and cantilever configurations and many other conditions, all with in house convenience. System Requirements Intel Pentium 133 based PC; Microsoft Windows XP, Vista, Windows 7. This software will take up approximately 100 MB disk space for typical installation; 64 MB available for swap space; 800 x600 x 64k graphics card and color monitor; CD ROM drive. Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 4.0 or higher or Netscape Navigator Version 5.0 or higher. Adobe Acrobat Reader may be required to access software manuals and product literature. Running Wood E Design Double click the Wood E Design Icon from your desktop or Select Wood E Design from the Louisiana Pacific group from All Programs About Box The About Box is located on the Wood E Design Menu bar under Help. You may find these features helpful when working in the program. From here you can e mail technical support, uninstall your current Wood E application or go directly to LP s web site 1
Setting I Joist Defaults You can set design preferences in the Default menu so Wood E Design will help you work conveniently and more quickly. You can set company name, applicable job codes and even maximum deflection settings. To access the Default menu: 1. Open the Defaults menu and click General. 2. The General command on the Default menu opens the General Defaults dialog box. 3. Select your options of preferences for country, building codes, and input formats. 4. Next, type in your location, job ID, company information, maximum live load deflection, and plate bearing stress. 5. Click OK to view the defaults. Remember: the options you ve set up in this box will apply to each new design. The Setup and Configure menus, discussed alter in the manual, allow you to enter design specific information. Refer to Appendix A for more information on general defaults. W Plate Bearing Stress Defaults The default for Plate Bearing Stress is set to 335. If you are using LVL as your bearing material, check boxes for plate will be available next to each bearing input for beam applications and joist applications. This is illustrated in detail in chapter 4. Applying Job ID and Company to Batch Run Files You can apply Job ID and Company to all batch run files so the information will be applied to all.dsn files in the batch. To access: 1. Open the File menu and select Run Job. SPX Output You can also control the SPX output from this same dialog box. By leaving the SPX box unchecked, Wood E Design will not print the SPX. If you check the box, it will print it. If you check the box a second time, the box is dimmed and the SPX print out will be bolded. 2
Input Format From the General Defaults dialog box you can select from six functions to improve measure input. FtInSx: 120600 = 12.5 ft InSx: 308 = 0.29167 ft FtIn: 1206 = 12.5 ft (Wood E Design will fill in the last 2 zeros, then convert to ft.) Ft: 12 = 12.0 ft In: 3 = 0.25 ft Sx: 8 = 0.04167 ft Wood E will convert ft after you hit the Enter key. System Defaults Before designing, and in addition to your general preferences, you will want to set your system defaults. We recommend that you set your defaults so they will apply to your typical design. These defaults tell Wood E Design what specifications to consider for each drawing before you begin designing. By setting these defaults, you decrease the amount of data you have to physically input for each new design. Roof Defaults 1. Open the Defaults menu and click Roof. 2. Type in your default preferences for live and dead loads, spacing, and deflection. Keep in mind, when setting your duration of load increase, you will want to customize your input to fit your specific needs. The best way to determine your default settings is to note the minimum or average dead load, for example, of you roof beam or joist system. 3. Select your Loading: top or side loaded, and Wind Load options. Load Sharing Option The load sharing option works for three or more repetitive members for continuous o.c. spacing. This option applies additional moment capacity relative to the particular product you are specifying. This allows the other adjacent joists help share the load. 3
Wind Loads For Wind Loads, you have the option of selecting ASCE 7 95 or ASCE 7 98. By selecting a wind option you will be able to view and edit the wind load specifications that apply to your roof systems. Refer to your building code agencyʹs wind map to determine the wind speed and other information that may apply to your design. W For detailed information wind loads, refer to Appendix B. Floor Defaults 1. Open the Defaults menu and click Floor. 2. Type in your default preferences for loads, spacing, and deflection. 3. Select a Sheathing option. When you select the Glued and Nailed option, you can choose the appropriate thickness for floor joists in your design, including 7/8, 1, and 1 1/8. Remember, this information applies only to your floor system. Note: For a design carrying both roof and floor loads, Wood E Design will apply the data in both the roof default and floor default options. However, you must select Roof and Floor Beam from the Application dialog box when you start a new file. Ceiling Defaults 1. Open the Defaults menu and click Ceiling. 2. Type in your default preferences for loads, spacing, and deflection. W For a complete description of the Roof, Floor and Ceiling default options, refer to Appendix A Product Defaults LP I Joist This option allows you to view your inventory of LPI joist thicknesses and corresponding depths. You will want to customize this dialog box to reflect your own inventory or the products available in your area. 1. Open the Defaults menu and click LPI. 4 2. This opens the LPI Products dialog box. 4
3. Select or deselect the products you will use/not use on a consistent basis. By deselecting the items you do not use, Wood E Design will not consider those products in any joist design. If you have a design that requires a joist that you have deselected in the LPI Products dialog box, then you may select that joist in the Setup menu so that it will be available for your current design. Then, it will reset to the default when you close your file. Reinforce Cantilevers This check box is a default option that allows you to optionally analyze cantilever reinforcement if necessary. But use ONLY if necessary. By selecting this option, Wood E Design will try to analyze the reinforcement should your design fail. Output LP LVL Beam The LVL default menu allows you to choose the thickness and the grade of the LP LVL you want to design. 1. Open the Defaults menu and click LVL. 2. This opens the LVL Defaults dialog box. 3. Select Thickness and Grade defaults. Note: Grade options depend on your market area and your supplier. 4. Click the inventory button to view the inventory list. As with the LP I Joist dialog box, you will want to customize this inventory to match your own available products. The Output option is also referred to as the Answer to your design, not the drawing (SPX will print your drawing). 1. Open the Defaults menu and click Output. 2. Select an Output option: a. Long Wood E Design will format your output file to show All Cases. b. Short Wood E will format your output file to show only the Maximums. c. Custom Wood E allows you to specify which parts should be concise and which should be fully detailed. Make your own selections from All Cases and Maximums for this option. 3. After you ve selected your output options, go back to the main screen to begin your design. You will see the customized output file when you design your joist after all of your information as been entered. 5
Creating, Opening and Closing Files Once all of your defaults have been entered, you are ready to begin designing. 1. Open the File menu and click New. 2. The Application dialog box will appear. 3. Click the application you want to design. 4. Wood E returns to you the main screen and the Product menu option is available. 5. Open the Product menu and select the product you want to use. 6. The Design screen will open. Now, you re all set to design. We ll pick up here in Chapter 2. First, here are a couple of things to note. Opening an Existing File 1. From the File menu click Open. 2. From the Open dialog box, browse through the list of files and select the file you want to open. Closing a File 1. From the File menu, click Close. 2. Wood E Design will prompt you to save the file. Click Save. Running Several Designs at Once 1. From the File menu, click Run Job. 2. Select the Folder of the job you want to run, or browse your files for more jobs. 3. Click OK. Quitting Wood E Design There are two ways to end your Wood E Design session: 1. Click the Close(X) button in the top right corner of your screen. 2. Or open the File menu and click Exit. 6
Chapter 2 Getting Started Designing Your Beam or Joist Before you design your beam or joist, make sure the personal defaults that will be printed on the drawing company name, state, job name, building code, etc., are accurate. You can make changes to that information from design to design from the Setup menu. Keep in mind the information will reset to the defaults after the session ends. 1. Confirm your preferences are accurate. 2. Open the File menu and click New. 3. The Application dialog box will appear. 4. Click the application you want to design. 5. Wood E takes you to the main design dialog screen The Design Process The design process is where you enter and alter the specifications of your beam or joist. The information in these menus provides the values with which Wood E Design analyzes. The design process consists of the Configure menu, the Setup menu, the Load menu, the Hole menu (for joists only), the Design menu, and the Answer screen. With each menu option, you have the ability to change the input values that Wood E Design uses to calculate the results. For example, you can change the LP product to view how it differs in a design from another LP product with regard to stress indices or actual deflection of your beam. You can also view how your design changes as you change the spacing or the depth for the product. Wood E Design gives you the opportunity to change any specification on your beam or joist in order to find the best possible design for your system. The Configure Menu To enter the design information for your beam or joist: 1. Open the Configure menu. Notice that the text boxes are already set to the defaults you entered. 2. Verify the values in this dialog box before continuing. You can change your product type, series, thickness, grade, depth, ply number and related inputs in this one location. 7
Input Span Carried Note: In version 2004.1 and higher, Wood E Design separates the left and right spans. If you open old designs in your new version, Wood E Design will split the load evenly between the left or right span. If that is not how you want the load distributed, you will need to divide as necessary, as this could change the connection details as far as nailing patterns are concerned. To enter the design information for your beam or joist: 1. Open the Configure menu. Notice that the text boxes are already set to the defaults you entered. 2. Verify the values in this product dialog box before continuing. You can change your product type, series, thickness, grade, depth, ply number and related inputs in this one location. Bearings This feature is carried out directly from the Setup and Configure menus. All joists are set at a minimum requirement and all LVL beams are set at 3, but can be changed when necessary. Next to the Bearings section, select the type of material you are using to support and LVL beam so the bearing capacity of the material is accounted for in the bearing length calculation. If the box is checked, you will use the default plate bearing stress. If the box is unchecked, Wood E Design assumes an LVL bearing. Sheathing The Sheathing Thickness box found in the Default menu is also repeated in the Configure menu. The Sheathing Thickness box in the floor joist Configure screen and the Default setup screen interact with the spacing as shown here: <= 16 {Minimum, 19/32 *, 23/32, 7/8, 1, 1 1/8} *19/32 based on 32/16 rated sheathing <= 20 {Minimum, 19/32 *, 23/32, 7/8, 1, 1 1/8} *19/32 based on 40/20 rated sheathing <= 24 {Minimum, 23/32, 7/8, 1, 1 1/8} <= 32 {Minimum, 7/8, 1, 1 1/8} <= 48 {1 1/8} > 48 {N/A} 8
Note: Previous versions of Wood E Design forced you to used No Composite Action if the spacing was greater than 24. Now it is 48. Vibration Design How a floor performs or feels can vary greatly from one person to another. A person s expectation and their experience with other floor systems play a major role. Traditionally, we have used a floor s deflection criteria to judge a floor s feel. However, uniform loading rarely exists. In an effort to more accurately model a floor s feel, the Canadian building code has created the Floor Vibration Criteria. In this criterion, a 225 pound point load is applied at mid span, and the maximum deflection is measured. If that maximum deflection exceeds a maximum allowable deflection the floor is considered too bouncy. While the Floor Vibration Criteria doesn t resolve all concerns about floor performance, it is a major step forward in helping the designer define floor performance. The Floor Vibration Criteria implemented in Wood E Design utilizes the Canadian method. While LP believes that it can significantly increase the ability of a designer to create floors that perform as predicted, LP cannot warrant the results of this design procedure or criteria. This feature has been added as a tool only. 1. From the Product dialog box, click the Vibration button. 2. This brings up the NRC Vibration Control dialog box. Wood E Design now allows you to run vibration designs for joist applications using LVL. Concrete Topping This option lets you choose your strength in pounds per square inch and lets you set your thickness in inches. Be sure to add additional dead loads to compensate for concrete thickness 12.5 psf/in for regular concrete. Set the Concrete Topping to None when using lightweight concrete or gypsum concrete. The effect on vibration of concrete toppings in general is the subject of current 9
debate and a recommendation has been issued by the CCMC against considering theses as performance enhancing unless positive anchorage is used and supported by test data. Do include the weight of such toppings as part of the floor dead load. Floor Sheathing This option in the NRC Vibration Control dialog box is automatically triggered by the sheathing option from the Configure dialog box. When you make your selection from the Configure dialog box, it is displayed in the Sheathing Thickness box. Ceiling Properties You can set the thickness of the gypsum betweens 1/2ʺ and 2 pieces of 5/8 gypsum board. By checking the 1x4 Ceiling Strapping box, you are telling Wood E Design to use 1 x 4 straps at 2 o.c. Blocking and Bridging 1. From the Blocking/Bridging box, scroll through the options. 2. Select bridging or blocking, with or without strapping. Note: When choosing the blocking with strapping option, you are telling Wood E Design to put one row of 1 x 4 strapping under each row of bridging or blocking. 3. Select 1/2 span if you are using 1 row of blocking or bridging and select 1/3 span if you are using 2 rows of blocking or bridging. Wood E Design calculates the bridging/blocking as if it is at the half way point or at 1/3 points in your input design span. 4. If you will be using this setup for all or most of your jobs, click the Set as Defaults box to save the information. Note: The effects of midspan bridging and blocking are under review and should be used with caution. Field evidence has shown that floors near the maximum span with bridging or blocking may not perform as expected. CCMS has recommended against including the performance enhancing contribution of bridging/blocking unless supported by test data. If the vibration option is selected from the General Default settings, you can still choose to turn off the Use NRC Vibration Control option. (how?) If you turn this option off, the vibration will not be calculated or used as a design criterion. This option is only available when you choose the optional Vibration Data. 10
Wind Loads When designing a roof joist, you have the option of designing for wind loads. This feature tells Wood E Design to read the values in the Wind Load box into its calculations. Using this feature will provide uplift loading and reactions, which will aid in proper selection of hangers. 1. From the Configure menu, click the Wind Load button. 2. The Wind Load dialog box will appear. This menu is identical to the Defaults Wind menu except that any information entered here is specific to this design. In other words, the values you enter in this Configure menu will reset to your defaults when you terminate this design session. The minimum wind setting in the interior U.S. is 70 m.p.h. Coastal, Great Lakes and Mountain regions will require higher wind settings. For detailed information on wind loads, please refer to Appendix B. W When designing an LPI roof beam: 1. Check the Use Wind Load box on the Configure screen. 2. Select the Wind Load button. If you are not using the wind load design, then the Wind Load box should be unchecked. The Load Input Menu To view the program generated loads, based on the live load and dead load you typed in the Configure menu, click on the Load menu. 11
Adding Loads 1. Click the Add button in the Loads box. Note: When you add loads, the self weight of the beam is automatically added to the dead load. Now, the beam weights are separated. Specify Load Type 1. After you ve clicked Add, the Load Input dialog box appears. 2. Select the Load Type option for your new load. 3. Select the Input Option, Load Application and Application Direction. 4. Next, type in the correct Start and End Locations, as well as the appropriate PLFs. Note: The distance, whether it is the start or end of the load, is always measured from the extreme left end of the beam or joist. Use the Add button if you have more than load to add. The previous load will become your default load. Linear Loads The default for Linear loads is plf. To add a linear load: 1. From the Load Input box, select the Linear Load option. 2. To define a psf load, click the psf button to the right. 3. This brings up the Calculate Linear Load box. 4. Type in the appropriate load information. Area Loads The Area Load option allows you to type your start and finish locations, left or right span carried and dead or live loads. 1. From the Load Input box, select the Area Load option. 2. Type in the location and magnitude information. 12
Note: In order for Wood-E Design to convert this information into plf, to be added as a load, you must click on the Add button to complete the calculation. Compression Edge Bracing For gravity loads and simple spans, compression edge bracing refers to the restraint of the top flange of an I joist or the top edge of an LVL. It is required to restrain the flange/edge from buckling sideways due to the compressive forces induced in the top flange/edge. The attached OSB/plywood sheathing will take care of the bracing for this both floors and roofs (under gravity loads). Three exceptions: 1. In a continuous span where the bottom flange/edge is in compression for a short distance from an interior support. We normally don t worry about this exception because the compression zone is typically very short. Also, any direct applied ceiling will suffice for bracing. 2. For a cantilever under normal gravity loads the bottom flange is in compression. This could be a concern, especially for cantilevers longer than 2. For interior cantilevers, a direct applied gypsum ceiling will do the trick. For cantilevers carrying an overhanging second floor (for instance), the soffit treatment might work, especially if it is made from OSB/Plywood sheathing. 3. For roof members that experience an upward load (suction) due to wind. This should definitely be considered for roof joists that do not have a direct applied ceiling. If you have further questions about compression edge bracing, please contact your LP products distributor. Editing Loads 1. To edit a load, from the Load menu, highlight the load you want to edit. 2. Click the Edit button. Or you can double clock the load to open the Load Input box. 3. Make your changes and click OK. Removing Loads 1. To remove a single load, from the Load menu, highlight the load. 2. Click the Delete button. 3. Wood E Design will ask you to verify that you want to delete that load. If so, click Yes. 4. To remove all loads, from the Load menu, click the Remove All button. 13
The Hole Menu For wiring and HVAC ease, holes can be drilled or cut into the web of the I joist at certain locations, in addition to the pre drilled knockout holes. Additional round holes can be added, up to a 1 1/2 hole anywhere in the web. Consult your technical guide for specific restrictions. 1. Select the Hole menu. 2. Click Add. 3. From the Add Hole box, select a hole shape. Round Holes When you choose to add a Round hole, the Ob Round Hole check box is available in the Round Hole box. This option is only available for round holes. Note: You MUST use the Design As Entered option from the Design menu (which we will discuss later). Using any other Design As options will cancel the Ob Round hole check box. 1. Type in the Span you want to place the hole. 2. Type in the Distance and Diameter. 3. Click Add to accept or Close to cancel the hole. Rectangular Holes 1. Select the Hole menu. 2. Click Add. 3. Select Rectangular. 4. Type in the Span you want to place the hole. 5. Type in the Distance, Width and Height. 6. Click Add to accept or Close to cancel the hole. Repeat the above steps for adding a Square Hole as well. Note: The closest that a 3 to 4 hole can be from the bearing is 12 if the joist is not designed to maximum stresses. If the span is 0 then the distance is measured from the left edge to the right edge. This includes left cantilevers. 14
The Design Menu Now that all of your design information has been entered in the Setup, Configure and Load menus, you are ready to design you beam or joist. 1. Select the Design menu. You have three options to choose: As Entered Fixed Depth and Spacing, Fixed Spacing Adjust Depth, or Fixed Depth Adjust Spacing. As Entered Fixed Depth and Spacing Select this option if you want Wood E Design to design the system just as you entered it. The answer screen will appear momentarily. Fixed Spacing Adjust Depth If you want Wood E Design to design the joist or beam with all possible depths, but with fixed spacing, choose this option. Fixed Depth Adjust Spacing Similarly, if you would like Wood E Design to design your system with all possibilities for spacing, but with a constant depth, choose this option. Note: Selecting either Fixed Spacing Adjust Depth or Fixed Depth Adjust Spacing may take a few minutes to process, depending on the number of products in your inventory and the speed of your computer. Also, after making any change to the joist or beam, you must select one of the Design options again. Otherwise, your changes will not be reflected in the answer screen. Output Setup You can choose from different options from the Output Setup to customize your answer file. 1. Select the Design menu. 2. Select Output from the Setup menu. 3. Choose from the three output options: Long, Short or Custom. Choose the Long option to include all of the cases. Choose the Short option to include only the maximums of the categories on the right. Choose the Custom option, then click the appropriate case All Cases or Maximums for each of the categories. 15
Fonts You can select a default font from the drop down list box for your printouts. For legible scanning, check the Bold font in SPX option if you want bold text on your printout. Check the Small Font box to reduce the font size so you can print your answer one one page instead of two. The Answer Screen Once you have designed your beam, you can view the Answer. The Answer screen will appear automatically if you selected the As Entered option. To print the screen from your Answer: 1. Select the Print menu. 2. This opens the Print Setup box. 3. Select your printer, properties and paper size and source. 4. Click OK. 5. Select the Close menu to return to your design. You also have the option of opening the SPX program from the View Answer screen to view the component printout. We ll discuss this option in further detail in a later chapter. If you chose the Fixed Spacing Adjust Depth design option, you ll have a list of available depths to choose from. 1. Highlight one of the depths for Wood E Design to use in your design. 2. Click the View button to see the results. 3. Click Use to apply that depth or highlight and select another depth. Note: When using the Fixed Spacing Adjust Depth design option, Wood E Design displays odd depth products. These products are denoted in the list by an * If you chose the Fixed Depth Adjust Spacing design option, then choose one of the spacings. You ll have a list of available spacing options to choose from. 1. Highlight one of the depths for Wood E Design to use in your design. 2. Click the View button to see the results. 16
Sample Wood E Design Graphics Display of Your Component Design Live load Trapezoidal load Live linear load Live concentrated load Dead load Hole Span 1 Span 2 Wood E Design uses the graphic representation above to display the parts of the beam or joist on the screen. This sample design uses the following information: LPI 20 9.5 series joist, 23 in length, 2 ply, and a 2 diameter hoes that is 14,0 from the left bearing of span 2 to the center of the hole. The length of each span is indicated at the bottom of the joist. Holes appear as white shapes, in the shape you designated. A uniform load is represented as a long rectangle. A concentrated load is represented by an arrow pointing to he position on the joist where the load is located. A linear load is also represented by an arrow; but a shorter arrow. Finally, a trapezoidal load is shown as a triangle on the joist where the load is located. In the upper left corner of the screen, Wood E Design displays the length of the joist as well as the number of plies, as well as the depth and joist series you are designing. If you are designing an LVL beam, the grade and thickness will be displayed. The Diagram Screen The Diagram screen displays a moment and shear diagram for each load case in your design. The diagram is based on your total loads. You can view these diagrams after you run your design to make sure that your moment and shear are acceptable. To view your diagram: 1. Select the Diagram menu. 2. From this screen, you can select the following menus: 17
a. Case view the difference in moment and sheer from case to case. This menu will vary based on the number of spans you employ and the number of different load cases. b. Type view the moment and shear for live loads, dead load or the total load. c. Distance view the moment and shear values at a given distance. d. Spacing change your spacing. e. Hole view the holes you ve added to your design. f. Print print the diagrams. g. Close closes the diagram screen and returns you to the design screen. Note: One great feature of the diagram screen is that you can use it to find out what the moment and shear would be if you used a different spacing for your design without redesigning your beam or joist. Any changes in any main screen menus require you to redesign your system in order to view how the changes may affect the design. 18
Chapter 3 SPX SPX The SPX program prints out a drawing of your beam or joist that includes engineering notes and all of the specifications for this particular design. The SPX printout can be accessed directly from your design from the View Answer screen or by opening the SPX program itself (the SPX icon can be found on your desktop after you ve installed the program). There are important notes and information like bracing, deflection, and stress, on the SPX printout. Read this information carefully before using the design. Note: Double check the printout to make sure you entered all the information correctly in Wood E Design. If you see incorrect data on the printout, you must correct it redesign the component again. To access the SPX printout: from your View Answer screen: 1. Select the SPX menu. 2. Click the View option to display the printout on the screen. 3. Check to see that all of the information for your design is accurate. 4. Click Print. Note: When you first open the SPX program, the last design file you accessed will automatically open. Close this file if you don t need to print it. You can also access your design after you ve logged out of the Wood E Design Program. 1. From your desktop, double click the SPX icon. 2. Select the File menu, and choose the Open option. 3. Choose the.dsn file to open, or browse for the file. 19
SPX Components The SPX program consists of three parts: Toolbar Menu bar Status bar Toolbar As previously mentioned, when you first open the SPX program, the last design file you accessed will automatically open. Close this file if you don t need to print it. Open Select files from Windows common dialog box. Close Close the current SPX drawing Close All Close all SPX drawings PDF Export SPX drawings to PDF format Preview Preview the current SPX drawing Print Print the current SPX drawing Print All Print all SPX drawings Refresh Redraw the current SPX drawing Back Previous drawing Next Next drawing Send Send the current SPX drawing and DSN file associates with SPX Send All Send all SPX drawings and DSN files associates with SPX About About L P Delete Delete the current SPX drawing Exit Exit the SPX Open and Close These are the familiar buttons you use to access and close files. Print, allows you print a single file, and the Print All Drawings option lets you select several files to print at once. Print There are two different Print buttons in the SPX program. If you want to print: 1. On the SPX toolbar, click Open. 2. Select the file(s) you want to open, OR 3. Browse through your directories or drives to look for a file. 4. Select the file you want to open and click OK. 20
Printing multiple files Once you have opened the files you want to print, you can either view the documents (one at a time) or you can print them. To view a drawing: 1. Maximize the window. 2. Use the scroll bar to move through each drawing. 3. Minimize the window to return to the main SPX screen. To print only one drawing: 1. Click the Print button. To print more than one drawing: 1. Click the Print Multiple button. 2. The Printing Dialog box will appear, indicating the status of the printouts. SPX lets you know which drawing is currently printing. Once you ve printed all of the drawings you wanted, exit SPX. You will not be prompted to save your drawings since you did not alter them. If you discovered an error in your design, you must return to Wood E Design to make changes, design and save the file, and then return to the SPX to print it out again. Menu Bar There are four menus on the bar at the top of the SPX screen. These menus play similar roles to the File, View, and Windows menus i n other Windows applications. File menu The File menu features the options Open, Close, and Print. The Print options include Print, Print All, Print Preview, and Print Setup. Selecting Print performs the same function as clicking the Print icon in the toolbar. Similarly, selecting Print All from the menu is the same as clicking on the Print All icon in he tool bar. Print Preview allows you to view the screen at a distance. In Print Preview, you have the options of zooming in or out and viewing multiple pages or individual pages. You can also advance to the next page or print the design. 21
The Print Setup option in the File menu allows you to customize your printout. However, Wood E Design only allows you to print in landscape format in order to accommodate the size of your design. You can also change which printer you send your design to. Clicking Options in the dialog box lets you adjust the darkness and the dithering. Note: Dithering refers to the printer drawing a line more (fine) or less (coarse) exact and smooth. E mail Your Designs You can attach and send your design directly from the SPX program. 1. Open your drawing. 2. Select Sending from the File menu. 22
Appendix A General Defaults Appendix A: A Word About General Defaults The General Defaults set up is identical to the Setup menu, except that any information entered as default becomes global and applicable to all designs. On the other hand, the information in the Setup menu is local and applies only to the current design. Any data entered in the Setup menu will reset to the values entered in the Defaults menu when your file is closed. So please enter your information accordingly. Country: Select the appropriate country and design type option button. Code: Select the building code standard for your area. Company Name: Type your company name and address in this box, up to 80 characters. The information you type in this box will appear on your SPX drawing printouts, as well as help LP s Engineering department identify your drawing. Location: Type the state abbreviation of the job location that you are designing. W See Appendix D for a listing of all building codes and state abbreviations. Job ID: Type a name for the job so that it will be easier to identify later. This name will appear on the plot generated by SPX. Be sure to use the lot number, the subdivision, and city and state. Use Max Deflection: Turns on and off the arbitrary deflection limit. Max Deflection is an arbitrary live load. Max Live Load Deflection: If used, it will fail any design where the live load exceeds the limit regardless of the code minimum. Plate Bearing Stress: The default for Plate Bearing Stress is set to 335. If you are using LVL as your bearing material, check boxes for plate will be added next to each bearing input for beam applications and joist applications. Input Format: Select the desired measure input format option button. 23
Appendix B Wind Load Options Appendix B: Wind Load Options in the Roof Joist Setup Menu For all roof designs, it is vital that wind loads are calculated correctly. It is especially important to calculate wind loads when designing joists for roofs with slopes 5/12 or greater. The Wind Load Menu Options are as follows: Condition This added feature allows you to choose the type of structure conditions: open, enclosed, or partially opened. For detailed information regarding each option, refer to the ASCE 7 publication. Roof Type This is the basic shape of the roof you are designing. Select Gable / Hip if the I joist is a rafter in a gable or a hip type roof. Select mono slope if the rafter is in a single sloped application. If you are designing a Saw Tooth roof, refer to ASCE 7 95 for detailed instructions or consult a local engineer. Position Position refers to your joist location. In your Wood E Design answer file review the wind criteria to find the lengths of each zone when you select mid end or end. If your joist is located in the center section of your roof, select Center. If your joist is located in the end section of your roof, select end. Mid end is used on mono sloped roofs and refers to an area between the end of a run of rafters and the center. Mid End is required only when slopes are between 3 and 30 degrees. Choosing end will result in *Mid End applies to mono sloped roofs. higher calculated wind loads and could effect your rafter spacing and your connections at both the ridge and the eave. End Mid End* (mono sloped) Center Exposure Wood E Design allows you to input the exposure level of your building as either A, C or D. Again, please refer to the ANSI/ASCE Standard for the appropriate information on your area. Most of your designs will be Exposure C, which is for component design. Exposure D is only for structures located within 1500ft (approximately 1 mile) of the actual shoreline of a large body of water, and not for component design. Exposure A is an option reserved for future use in the Wood E Design software. 24
Appendix B Wind Load Options Wind Velocity (MPH) The ASCE publishes a map that details basic wind speeds in publication ASCE 7 95, page 18. If you are uncertain about the wind speed please refer to you local building department. NOTE: Minimum wind speed is 85 MPH. The ASCE publishes a map that details basic wind speeds in publication ASCE 7 95, page 18. If you are uncertain about the wind speed please refer to you local building department. NOTE: Minimum wind speed is 85 MPH. Importance Factor The importance factor is defined by the ANSI standard as a factor that accounts for degree of hazard to human life and damage to property. You can determine your importance factor by referring to pages 2 & 17 of the ASCE standard. Please refer to Tables 1 1 & 6 2 of the ANSI standard for categories of buildings and importance factors. Our example input, 1.15 is the importance factor for category III and IV buildings. The Importance Factor depends on the occupancy category, summarized as follows: Category Description Importance Factor I I Minor buildings; agricultural, temporary 0.87 II Typical low rise residential and commercial 1.00 III Larger buildings, schools, churches, large assembly 1.15 capacity, dangerous substances IV Essential facilities: hospitals, fire/rescue, emergency 1.15 shelters, power stations, defense Minimum Width The minimum width of the building is the smallest width measured perpendicular to the ridgeline of the roof. Determine the minimum width of your structure by referring to your architectural plans. 30 is the program minimum. Mean Roof Height: The mean roof height is generally the distance from the building grade to the center of the roof slope. Determine the mean roof height of your structure by referring to your architectural plans and the ANSI/ASCE standard. Topographic Factor Topographic information need only be used when the mean roof height is over 30 foot for structures in exposure category C or over 15 feet for structures in exposure category D. The topographic information input is used to account the wind speed up as it crests a hill or other terrain feature. In most residential structures the mean roof height will preclude the use of the topographic factor. Refer to ASCE 7 95 figure 6 2 for more details. 25
Mea n h : m e a n r o o f h e i g h t, i n f e e t, e x c e p t t h a t e a v e h e i g h t m a y b w h e n θ 1 0 d e g r e e ; a n d θ : r o o f s l o p e f r o m h o r i z o n t a l, i n 2D ridge, 3D hill and 3D Escarpment: Choose the one that best describes the shape of terrain surrounding the structure you are designing. Refer to the sketch below or the ASCE 7 95 figure 6 2. Height of feature This is the height of the hill or more simply, the Rise of the terrain. Length of feature Is the length of the hill or the Run of the hill measured from the point at mid height to the crest. Horizontal offset The horizontal distance from the crest of the hill to the site of the structure. Velocity Pressure This is used in Canada only. Refer to drawings below. 2-D Ridge or 3-D Hill 2-D Escarpment Key (refers to both details above: H= Height of feature; L= Length of feature; HO = Horizontal Offset 26
Appendix c Terms and Definitions Appendix C: Terms and Definitions Live Load (PSF): This represents the numeric value in PSF (Pounds Per Square Foot) for the live load carried by your beam or joist. This value must meet the minimum code requirements. For example, if you type 40.000 in this box, you will specify a default live load of 40 psf. This option is found in the Product Default and Configure menus. Dead Load (PSF): Type the numeric value of PSF for the design dead load. For example, if you type 10.000 in this box, you will specify a default dead load of 10 psf. This option is also found in the Product Default and Configure menus. Total Load: This refers to the combined live and dead loads on a beam. LL Deflection: This is the live load deflection limit ratio. The deflection ratio you specify, must meet minimum code requirements. If you type 360 in this box, you will specify a live load deflection limit of L/360. For stiffer floors, use a live load deflection limit of L/480 or greater instead of the minimum of L/360. You will find this option in the Product Default and Configure menus. TL Deflection: This is the allowable total load deflection value. This value must also meet code requirements. If you type 240 in this box, you will specify a total load deflection limit of L/240. You will also find this option in the Product Default and Configure menus. 1/2 Max Deflection: (Live Load) Select this option if you want to limit your live load deflection to 1/2. With this enabled, Wood E Design will limit your design to a maximum of 1/2 deflection. Slope: Specify the default setting for slope per foot by utilizing the slope option. The slope should be entered in decimal inches. The minimum slope for a roof joist is 0.250 inches. This option is found in the Configure menu. Spacing: This represents the spacing for your design in inches. You have the option of adjusting your spacing in the diagram screen to view the changes in moment and shear. You also may choose from all spacings that suit your system when you choose the fixed depth adjust spacing option in the Design menu. This option can be found in the Product Default and Configure menus. Increase (%): This option (Load Duration Factor also referred to as LDF) represents the length of time each load is applied to the member. The values will be different depending on whether the design is based on the US versus Canadian codes. In the US roofs generally may have a 15% (Snow), 25% (Construction) or 33% (Wind/Seismic) increase depending on the geographic location, whereas, a floor will have a 0% increase. 27
Appendix C Terms and Definitions Please refer to local building codes to determine the duration of load increase applicable to your design. This option can be found in the Roof Default, and Configure menus. Load Sharing: Specifies whether repetitive member stress analysis is typically used. Generally, joists have load sharing and beams do not. Repetitive member stress is considered to take place when there are three or more members spaced no more than 24 apart and connected by some means. This option is found in the Product Default menu as well as the Configure menu (for joists only). Use Safe Load: This feature is useful if you are designing offices. If this option is checked, Wood E Design will add a 20 psf dead load to your floor joist for partition walls and add the 2000 lb moveable concentrated load required by most building codes for office floors. Please be sure to refer to the building code and loading requirements that apply to your particular design. This option is found in the Configure menu. Sheathing: This option specifies whether the sheathing attached to the LPI Floor Joists is nailed, glued and nailed, or there is no composite action. These factors determine the increased values for stiffness. You can enter the correct sheathing option in the Floor Default and Configure menus. Span Carried: This is the length of the span carried by your roof or floor beam. The value you input will override your default setting. Wood E Design will automatically calculate and consider the load applied by the components to the beam. If you input 30 for building width, Wood E Design will calculate the load applied by a 15 tributary area of the component and design a beam to support it. You will find this option in the Configure menu. Continuous Span Carried: This represents the situation in which a two span joist is continuous over a support beam. The two spans are of equal length. Thus the support beam is located at the center of the joist. In this situation, the spans are continuous over the beam. By engineering mechanics, the beam carries more weight. Select this option in the Configure menu when designing a roof, floor, or roof and floor beam. If you select this option, then Wood E Design will assume that the span is continuous over the beam. Uniform Load: A load applied to a beam by members (joists, rafters, trusses, etc.) with all the same length spaced no more than 24 o.c. Loading: Designate whether the load for your roof or floor beam is a top load or a side load. Top load is applied to the top edge of the beam such that the load is carried equally by each ply in a multiple ply beam. Side Loads are applied to one face of the beam. For example, face mount hangers apply load to one face. Select either top or side load whenever editing or adding new loads. This designation can also be made in the Configure menu. 28
Appendix D State Abbreviations and Applicable Building Codes Appendix D: State Abbreviations and Building Codes Note: This map is a generalization. Any local agency may adopt any of the major codes at any time, its own variation, or establish its own code. CODE KEY: ICC ES ICC Evaluation Services WISC Wisconsin Department of Commerce LA City Los Angeles Building Department NY City New York Materials & Equipment Acceptance Division CCMC Canadian Construction Materials Centre WA MT ND MN ID WI NY SD WISC MI NY City WY PA IA NV NE IL OH IN UT ICC-E S WV OR CA LA City DSA AZ CO NM KS OK TX MO KY VA S AR TN ICC-E NC SC AL GA MS LA FL VT NH MA ME RI C T NJ DE MD Yukon CCMC YK Northwest Territories NT BC AB British MB Columb ia Alberta Manitoba SK ON SaskatchewaOn ntario Newfoundland NF PQ Quebec NS Nova Scotia 29
Table of Contents: Tutorial Examples Notes Wind Loading Defaults Terms Wood-E Design Wall Stud and Column Design Tutorial Version 2009.2 and higher A note about the format of this document: this tutorial is written with the assumption that the reader is already familiar with the terms and concepts associated with the design of floor and roof members, and with the basic functionality of Wood-E Design. If that is not the case please do not design any member until you are. As with all Wood-E Design results the following note applies and is included in all designs: VERIFY YOUR INPUT TO AVOID DESIGN AND FABRICATION MISTAKES. YOU ARE SOLELY RESPONSIBLE FOR ERRORS RESULTING FROM INCORRECT INPUT. THIS PROGRAM IS A DESIGN TOOL AND SHOULD BE USED WITH EXTREME CARE THAT INPUT UNIFORM AND CONCENTRATED LOADS ARE ACCURATE IN MAGNITUDE AND LOCATION. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR UNCERTAINTIES, PLEASE CONTACT LP. Having gotten all that stuff out of the way, here is how you design a Wall Stud or Column: The first choice the designer of a Wall Stud or Column must make is to decide which of those two member types they are designing, and in many ways after that everything is very simple. Using the floor analogy a: Wall Stud is like a Joist, there are many of them in a run and each supports it s share of the load based on the spacing. A Column is like a Beam, there is only one of them and the user specifies the load.
The next step is to configure the member. The configure screen for Wall Studs and Columns are slightly different, and both are very different from the screen used for Joists and Beams. For the most part these screens are fairly self-explanatory. Just like with the Joist and Beam screens the inputs change slightly (mainly the types of loads you can add) but the terms and concepts stay the same. The configure dialogs, titled Wood-E Design- Wall Stud Design and Column Design, are divided into six areas: Job Information: the Job ID for Wall Studs and Columns is used exactly like it is for Joists and Beams. Application and Orientation: For Wall Studs the only application available at this time is Exterior. If an Interior Wall Stud design is needed, before they are implemented, simply use the Exterior Wall Stud application it will be conservative. For Columns both Exterior and Interior applications have been implemented, and the product s orientation (Beam, Plank) can also be set. Vertical Loading: The types of vertical loads that can be applied to the member is a function of the type (Walls Stud, Exterior Column, Interior Column). The basic concept is that Wall Studs are always within a wall and support all the loads applied to the wall (plf) for a specified region-- their spacing. Exterior Columns on the other hand are individual members within a wall that support both concentrated loads (lbs), and or part of the wall s load.
Interior Columns are not in a wall (they are free standing), so they support only concentrated loads (LBS). Due to the limits on how LP Products can be used we do not offer free standing Exterior Columns. Configuration: There is a lot in this section, but most of it will be very familiar. Product- Select a product from the drop down menu. Standard Hole and Notch- since virtually every wall stud and column has a hole and or notch cut into them, and since their location is unknown at the time of design Wood-E Design has given the user to ability to include a standard hole and notch located at the worst possible location. By using this feature Wood-E is ensuring that the member is designed for the worst-case scenario. Ply- Self-Explanatory. Connecting multi-ply members is Height- The design length of the member. This means that for a standard 9 wall (9 1-1/8 tall) the wall stud is actually 8 8-5/8 (104-5/8 ) tall. It is up to the designer to decide what length to input, the software will properly design the member based on this value, making no adjustments. Width- The width (thickness) of the member, and the number that is multiplied by the number of plies. See the diagram for help. Depth- The depth of the member will be the same dimension at the thickness of the wall. See the diagram for help. Spacing (Wall Studs) or Tributary Width (Columns): for Wall Studs this is the number that defines the amount of applied load (both vertical and wind) that each stud must support. For Columns this number defines the amount of PLF vertical load and wind load that will be supported. Connection: is not implemented in this version. Deflection Limits: Just like with Joists and Beams a Wall Stud or Column has a code defined deflection limit that is defined by either a L/ ( L over) number or a Maximum Deflection in inches. For vertical design there is no differentiation between Live Load and Total Load deflection, there is simply a maximum deflection. As with Joists and Beams these values can be set as a Default. Wind Loading: All Walls Studs and Exterior Columns must have wind loads applied to them; therefore the only inputs are the settings that are used to define the wind pressure. Please refer to the section on Wind Loads for a detailed description of these settings and how to use them.
Additional versions of the basic Configure screen:
Examples: 1) 9 Exterior Wall Stud Supporting a Roof a. Determine the Roof Load (in PLF) using Wood-E Design From the ANS Report (file): MAXIMUM UNFACTORED SUPPORT REACTIONS (PLF) USE THESE VALUES WHEN TRANSFERRING LOADS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BRG#1: 509 BRG#2: 411 b. Stud Design- For a 9 Wall the studs are 8 8-5/8 long, and using the roof load ratio of 30/15 on the load from above (509 LBS) the load on the wall is 339/170 @115 c. Review the Results LOUISIANA-PACIFIC CORPORATION / WOOD-E STUD DESIGN 2011.2 06/08/11 14:15:30 WARNING *** THIS DESIGN IS VALID FOR THE PROJECT NAMED BELOW (JOB ID) ONLY *** WOOD-E DESIGN 2011.2 EXPIRES ON 3/31/2012. LP WILL MAKE AVAILABLE TO ALL REGISTERED USERS AN UPDATED VERSION OF THE WOOD-E DESIGN SOFTWARE IN THE CONTINUING EFFORT TO MAINTAIN COMPLIANCE WITH CHANGING BUILDING CODES, INDUSTRY PRACTICES, CODE EVALUATION REPORTS AND/OR METHODS OF ANALYSIS. COMPANY: JOB ID: Job ID STATE: CO CODE: IBC PRODUCT: 1-PLY 1-1/2" X 5-1/2" X 8'8-11/16" HEIGHT LP LSL 1.75E DESIGN CRITERIA FOR STUD ------------------------ (UNFACTORED LOADS)
2) 10 Exterior Wall Stud Supporting both a 2nd Floor and Roof a. Determine the Roof Load (in PLF) using Wood-E Design From the ANS Report (file): MAXIMUM UNFACTORED SUPPORT REACTIONS (PLF) USE THESE VALUES WHEN TRANSFERRING LOADS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BRG#1: 509 BRG#2: 411 b. Determine the 2 nd Floor Load (in plf) From the ANS Report (file): MAXIMUM UNFACTORED SUPPORT REACTIONS (PLF) USE THESE VALUES WHEN TRANSFERRING LOADS ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- BRG#1: 416 BRG#2: 1238 BRG#3: 416 c. Enter the Wall Stud Design- For a 10 Wall the studs are 9 8-5/8 long, and using the roof load ratio of 30/15 on the load from the roof (509 LBS) the load on the wall is 339/170 @115, and using the floor load ratio of 40/15 on the load from the floor (416 LBS) the load on the wall is 303/113 @100.
d. Review the Results 3) 10 Interior Wall Stud Supporting the 2 nd Floor a. Determine the 2 nd Floor Load (in plf) using Wood-E Design b. Enter the Wall Stud Design c. Review the Results 4) 8 Exterior Wall Column Supporting a Roof a. Determine the Roof Load (in plf) using Wood-E Design b. Enter the Wall Stud Design c. Review the Results 5) 14 Exterior Wall Column Supporting a 2 nd Floor and Ridge Beam a. Determine the Roof Load (in lbs) using Wood-E Design b. Determine the 2 nd Floor Load (in plf) using Wood-E Design c. Enter the Wall Stud Design d. Review the Results 6) 12 Interior Column Supporting a 2 nd Floor Beam a. Determine the 2 nd Floor Load (in plf) using Wood-E Design b. Enter the Wall Stud Design c. Review the Results
Notes: Only LP SolidStart LSL and LVL can be designed as Wall Studs and Columns. Wall Stud members can be no wider that 5.5 Wood-E Design for Walls Studs and Columns is only available in the US at this time; Canadian users will need to continue using the tools and techniques they are currently using for now. If you want to design an interior wall stud simply design it as an exterior one for now, you will be conservative.
Wind Loading: The Wind Loading settings must be defined based on the actual condition at the building site. If the plans do not specify these values contact the project s designer (Architect or Structural Engineer) to determine what the correct settings are. Using inaccurate values and settings will result in inaccurate designs. Additional information (Tool Tips) is available for some settings by moving and holding the cursor over the control. Wind Speed: Mean Roof Height: Condition: Zone: Exposure: LDF: Topographic Factor: 2D Ridge 2D Escarpment 3D Axisymmetrical Hill Feature Height Feature Length Horizontal Offset Importance Factor: Low (I) Normal (II) High (III) Post-Disaster (IV Defaults:
Terms: Product Orientation: Beam Orientation- Plank Orientation-