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Company(ผ บรรยาย): Shimizu Corporation Technical Name(ห วข อเทคโนโลย ): High Performance TBM TBM ค ณภาพส ง Presenter: 水戸聰 Akira Mito 1

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Example of Water Supply Tunnel High Overburden Ing-Yot Tunnel L=50.9km 7 Shafts of 17km Conditions; Long Distance High Overburden Many Shafts TBM Method shall be applied Able to reduce numbers of Shafts Able to construct in safe in high overburden area Fast excavation To ensure the construction of tunnel, High Performance TBM shall be employed 1 3 Purpose for Tunnel excavated by TBM Water Supply Tunnel Headrace Tunnel for Hydro Electric Power Plant Road Tunnel Railway Tunnel Usually, Water Supply Tunnel and Headrace Tunnel for Hydro Power Plant in mountainous area are excavated by TBM(Tunnel Boring Machine) How does TBM works? 2 3

TBM Cutting Face at Hard Granite Rock (over 200Mpa) Pahang Selangor Raw Water Transfer Tunnel in Malaysia Comparison of Shotcrete Location High Performance TBM can apply Early Tunnel Support Early Tunnel Support prevents the expansion of the loose area caused by tunnel excavation TBM face Main Gripper Fiber Mortar Spray area for High Performance TBM Shotcrete area for Normal TBM 6m 30m 7 Cutterhead Torque Thrust Force Disk Cutter TBM data Monitoring Tunnel Support What is High Performance TBM? Normal TBM High Performance TBM Low power of Cutterhead Unable to rotate Cutterhed Torque in poor geology such as soil, clay or collapse in front of TBM Low power of Thrust Force TBM stuck in squeezing rock Low cutter penetration in hard rock Low Cutter Penetration 17 inch Disc Cutter Monitor TBM data at TBM Operator Cabin only Unable to understand the geological condition and TBM machine trouble immediately Unable to take immediate action Late Tunnel Support Shotcrete at back of TBM main Gripper (far from TBM face) High power of Cutterhead torque Able to rotate Cutterhead in poor geology such as soil, clay or collapse in front of TBM High power of Thrust Force Able to pass through squeezing rock area High cutter penetration in hard rock High Cutter Penetration 19 inch Disc Cutter Monitoring real time TBM data virtually everywhere in the world Able to understand the geological condition and TBM machine trouble immediately Able to take immediate action Early Tunnel Support Fiber Mortar Spray at near TBM face Normal TBM encountered Squeezing Ground Countermeasure for Normal TBM (insufficient power) stuck in squeezing ground Longitudinal Section Cross Section Steel Rib A-A Enlargement by Manual Excavation Steel Rib Steel Segment Enlargement by Manual Excavation Face Shotcrete Cut skin plate for opening TBM TBM Enlargement by Manual Excavation to release friction between ground and TBM Steel Rib TBM 6 8 4

The Comparison of TBM Specification for Similar Project Project Geology Diameter (m) Tunnel Length (m) Cutter Size (inch) Torque (knm) Thrust Force (kn) Cable tunnel (HK) Granite 4.8 5,343 19.0 1,830 10,240 Maiko Tunnel (Japan) Granite 5.0 2,331 15.5 1,080 10,480 Suzuka Tunnel(Japan) Granite 5.0 3,641 17.0 2,430 11,760 High Perfomance TBM Granite 5.2 11,671 19.0 4,054 14,000 Cutter size : Maximum 19 inch To achieve higher cutter penetration Thrust force: 30% stronger than other machine To achieve higher cutter penetration and higher pressing force in the event of fault zone and squeezing ground condition Torque: 60% stronger than other machine To prevent cutter head stuck due to soil & clay Fiber Mortar Spray System Purpose for use Early Tunnel Support at Poor Geology Prevention from accident caused by Flying Rock due to Rock Burst Characteristics of Fiber Mortar: Near-zero rebound Good bonding Development of a high early strength (1hr : 4.2MPa, 24hr : 26.2MPa, 28days : 46.9Mpa) Characteristics of Spraying System: Being compactly arranged Spraying Fiber Mortar Fiber Mortar Spray Equipment mounted on TBM TBM Monitoring System Objective : To understand the geological condition and TBM machine trouble by monitoring real time TBM data virtually everywhere in the world Construction Result of High Performance TBM Pahang-Selangor Raw Water Transfer Tunnel In Malaysia 12 5

②Backfill Grout by Silica-resin ①Spray Fiber Mortar ③Forepoling L=12m with Silica-resin Injection Longitudinal Section 15 Support: Steel Rib H-125 x 125 @250mm, Steel Lagging, Fiber Mortar ④Backfill by Cement Cross Section Countermeasure for Big Fault Zone (Lepoh Fault) TBM Excavation in Rock Burst TBM Excavation in Big Fault Zone (Lepoh Fault; L=404m) Geological Profile of Raw Water Transfer Tunnel TD1571 6 16 14

TBM Excavation in Rock Burst Prediction of Rock Burst is difficult Avoid accident of flying rock Countermeasure Prevention of flying rock due to rock burst by applying fiber mortar (thk.=3cm) Apply Fiber Mortar Effect of Fiber Mortar Zero accident during excavation at Rock Burst area Summary ; The High Performance TBM is able to construct tunnel without major problem The High Performance TBM is suitable for water supply tunnel construction in mountainous area of Thailand Thank you for your attention 17 19 TBM TBM Progress Result Section Length (m) Average Monthly Progress (m/mth) Maximum Monthly Progress (m/mth) Remarks TBM-1 11,333.2 322.6 591.6 Heavy Groundwater Ingress (Max: 24.6m 3 /min) Rock Burst TBM-2 12,007.0 350.4 555.2 Hot Rock (Max: 55deg) Big Fault Zone Rock Burst TBM-3 11,217.6 433.7 656.9 Poor Geology All TBM 34,557.8 358.0 7

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