Département fédéral de l économie DFE Office fédéral de l agriculture OFAG Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources in Switzerland 8th february 2011, Global Diversity Workshop, Lausanne Référence: [Fabasoft Nr. der Unterlage/Fichier interne]
Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources in Switzerland 1. Value of genetic ressources for food and agriculture 2. Value of farm animal genetic resources in Switzerland 3. Status of Swiss native farm animal breeds 4. Development of policy and regulatory framework 5. National Programm on Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources 6. International Cooperation 2
Value of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Part of Agrobiodiversity - essential for food and agriculture - have specific functions in agroecosystems Direct use value - food production - niche production of food types - reduce production risk Indirect use value - maintenance of agroecosystem performances (funct. Bd) - potential for future direct or ind. use for breeding/selection - capacity of adaptation to new challenges 3
Heritage value - Part of our cultural heritage to save for the future Non-use value (Existence value) - kept for pure satisfaction Insurance/security to meet future challenges: - climate change - new transboundary diseases - new production systems - new consumer behaviour Indicators are being developped to value genetic resources 4
Value of Farm Animal Genetic Resources for Switzerland Switzerland is a typical grassland, animal production has always been important for the country Animal production accounts for 54% of Swiss total agricultural production. 95% selfsufficiency in dairy and meat products Central element of national history, landscape and cultural heritage Large diversity in farm livestock 100 different breeds : horses, cattle, pigs, goats, chicken, sheep and bees as well as new world camelides. Only 25 of them are native Swiss breeds and most of them are endangered 5
Breeding value Animal breeding is internationaly competitive Animal breeding stands at the beginning of the value chain, Farm animals well adapted to specific environment and market conditions Animal Breeding is focused on ecological production of quality products Animal breeding is in line with the Swiss quality strategy aiming successfull positioning in all markets 6
Status of native farm animal breeds Local Swiss breeds within species existing extinct foreign origin horses 1 18 >80 cattle 5 30 >30 sheep 8 29 >15 pigs 2 17 5 goats 11 28 4 Definition of native Swiss breeds: origin in Switzerland herdbook since 1949 7
AT RISK (2002) (*09) 2009 (*98) CATTLE Evolène 288 Eringer Original Swiss Braunvieh Original Simmental UNDER OBSERVATION (2002) 2009 (*08;**96; ***95) 7 304 7 881 27 058 HORSES Freiberger 3 656* PIGS Swiss Large White Swiss Landrace 10 833 1 232 SHEEPS Bündner Oberländer sheep Engadine sheep Mirror sheep Valais Red 778 2 489 1 882 1 112 Brown-headed Meat sheep Swiss Black-Brown Mountian sheep Valais Blacknose sheep Swiss White Mountain sheep 11 342 11 146 14 434 33 745 GOATS Appenzell goat Grisons striped goat Peacock goat Booted goat Capra Grigia 336 701 438 267 327 Coloured Chamois Saanen goat Nera Verzasca goat Toggenburg goat Valais Blacknecked goat 8 361 7 913 1 418 3 513 2 499 RABBITS Swiss Feh Swiss Fox 1 000 500 CHICKEN Schweizerhuhn 228* Appenzell Barthuhn Appenzell Spitzhauben 1070** 356*** BEES Conservation Dark of animal landrace genetic Bee* resources in Switzerland 8
Extinct typical native Swiss Breeds Freiburger cow Torfpig Frutiger cow 9
Domestic policy and regulatory framework Article 104 of Swiss Constitution (1999) sets the 3 objectives of a multifunctional agriculture: Reliable provision of the population with foodstuffs; Conservation of natural resources and upkeep of country side; Decentralised population settlement of the country Art. 142 of the Agriculture Act 4 years based Agriculture Policy Plan (AP2007-2011) Federal Office of Agriculture (FOAG) is in charge of implementation of agriculture policy together with cantonal authorities and farmers associations, 10
Swiss policy and regulatory framework for conservation of Farm AnGR Convention on Biological Diversity (1992) 1994: Ratification by Switzerland 1996: Establishment of an ad hoc working group define the term Swiss breed establish inventory and describe the breeds evaluation of cultural, economic and genetic values evaluation of needs for action 1997: Intermediate report 11
1997: Enlarged mandate given to the Working group Elaborate concrete measures for the maintenance of Swiss breeds including global and specific propositions Elaborate a frame for financial support to be granted Reflexions on coordination, supervision and handling 1998: Final report of working group recommandations Secretariat for farm animal genetic resources Specific measures to ensure conservation Mobilization of public financial ressources to promote implementation of conservation measures 12
1999: Revision of the ordinance for livestock breeding 2002: Expert group to evaluate projects 2002: 1st report to FAO: breed diversity in farm animals 2008: Modification of the ordinance for livestock breeding 2009: Round table National Plan of Action 2010: Workshop for organisations with endangered breeds 13
Ordinance for livestock breeding (2008) Articles 15/16 grant funds to support conservation of Swiss breeds (origin Switzerland or at least managed in a herdbook in Switzerland since 1949) Criteria for funding: recognized breeding organisations or other organisation fulfilling specific requirements CHF 1 160 000 for Freiberger horse CHF 900 000 for other breeds Article 17 grants funds to support research projects for animal genetic ressources (CHF 100 000) 14
Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources / Projects Government Federal Office for Agriculture FOAG Breeding organizations, NGOs, research Individuals: (private owners with stocks of minor breeds, hobby) 15
Conservation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources / Projects Between 1999 2009, a total of 40 projects have been funded for cattle, horses, goats, sheep, pigs, chicken and bees Kaninchen 0% anderes... Hühner 9% Bienen 1% 3% Schweine 3% Equiden 6% Rinder 12% Schafe 10% Ziegen 56% Anzahl Rassen 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Ziegen Schafe Rinder unterstützungsberechtigte Rassen unterstützte Rassen Equiden Schweine Bienen Hühner Spezies Kaninchen anderes... Source SHL: Evaluation of projects 1999 2005 16
International Cooperation 2007 FAO International Conference on AnGR - Global plan of action for AnGR and Interlaken Declaration Funding Strategy for the implementation of the global Plan of Action for AnGR Nagoya Protocol to the CBD / 2010 Workshop for Access and Benefit Sharing Cryoweb, National Gene Pool for Cattle, horses, sheep and goats, European Farm Animal Biodiversity Information System, EFABIS 17
Breeds registered in the National Genpool Horses (Cryoweb) Freiberger 18
Statistics for Brownvieh cattle, EFABIS 19
National Plan of action 4 Strategic Areas and 23 Priorities Switzerland Characterization, Inventory and Monitoring of Trends and Associated Risks 1-2 +++++ Sustainable Use and Development 3-6 ++++ Conservation 7-11 ++++ Policies, Institutions and Capacity-Building 12-23 +++ 20
Sustainable conservation strategies 21
Agriculture need Biodiversity & Biodiversity need Agriculture 22
Thank you for your attention! Switzerland. Naturally. 23