International requirements and approval of marine fuel cell applications Fuel cells and hydrogen in transportation applications, Otaniemi Minna Nissilä, VTT
International Maritime Organization (IMO) Global standard-setting authority for the safety, security and environmental performance of international shipping. Conventions (e.g. SOLAS, MARPOL) are the primary instruments of IMO maritime regulations. Binding agreements between IMO member states. Codes contain more detailed and specified requirements of certain topics in conventions. Easier to amend and update than conventions. 2
International Code of safety for ships using gases or other low-flashpoint fuels (IGF Code) Mandatory for ships using low-flashpoint (below 60 C) fuel Part A: Applies to all low-flashpoint fuels Functional requirements Requirement to assess risks from the use of low-flashpoint fuels Limitation of explosion consequences. Part A-1: Applies only to natural gas as fuel Specific requirements e.g. fuel containment system, pipe design, bunkering, fuel supply, fire safety etc. For other fuels, appliances and arrangements alternative design procedure is required. 3
Amendments to the IGF Code Fuel cells and other low-flashpoint fuels are intended to be included in the scope of the IGF Code in its first revision. The amendment work is going on in IMO s Sub-Committee on Carriage of Cargoes and Containers (CCC). Draft amendments to IGF Code, including new part E for fuel cells, was on the agenda of the 4 th Session of CCC in 11-15 September 2017. Summary report of the 4 th Session will be available e.g. in IMO s web page. See also http://www.lr.org/en/news-and-insight/publications/imo-meeting-reports/ 4
Discussions points on draft version of new part E Lloyd s Register Summary Report of IMO Carriage of Cargoes and Containers Fourth Session (CCC4). http://www.lr.org/en/newsand-insight/publications/imomeeting-reports/ 5
Alternative design and arrangements SOLAS Chapter II-1 Part F Alternative design must meet the functional requirements and provide an equivalent level of safety. Requires engineering analysis, evaluation and approval of the design and arrangements. General requirements for the engineering analysis in SOLAS Detailed instructions in IMO s Guidelines on alternative design and arrangements (MSC.1/Circ.1212) Guidelines for the approval of alternatives and equivalents (MSC.1/Circ.1455). 6
Guidelines and rules for alternative design and IGF Code International Maritime Organization Guidelines Classification societies e.g. ABS: Alternative design and arrangements for fire safety, 2010 DNVGL: Rules for classification of ships (RU-SHIP) Part 6 (Additional class notations), Chapter 2 (Propulsion, power generation and auxiliary systems) Section 3 Fuel cell installations, 2016. GL: Guidelines for the Analysis of Alternative Design and Arrangements, 2009 LR: Risk Based Designs (RBD), 2016 LR: Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships using Gases or other Low-flashpoint Fuels, 2017 7
Procedure for approval of alternative design MSC.1/Circ.1455 8
Risk assessment in the alternative design Preliminary design phase At a minimum, a HazId (Hazard Identification) is required. Its purpose is to identify relevant hazards and their consequences as well as mitigating measures already included in the design. Possibly ranking of hazards (by frequencies and consequences), selection of hazards for risk model, development of a risk model, assessment of the alternative design. Final design phase The risk assessment requirements are based on the novelty of the design the risk assessment plans defined for the previous phase differences between the preliminary and the final design. For final approval, all potential hazards and failure modes for the alternative design must be assessed versus evaluation criteria. 9
Alternative design in Aranda Ongoing work in October 2017 Discussions about approval basis Risk assessment plan Preliminary risk analysis work starts P. Hänninen 10
Acknowledgements This project has received funding from the Fuel Cells and Hydrogen 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement No 735717. This Joint Undertaking receives support from the European Union s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and Hydrogen Europe and N.ERGHY 11