The 4th Northeast Asia Energy Security Forum 2016 Seoul, December 15 2016 Renewable potential in Gobi desert, Gobitec and Asian Super Grid Initiative Yeren-Ulzii Batmunkh, Senior Officer, Ministry of Energy, Mongolia
Contents Renewable Potential in Gobi Desert Wind, Solar Gobitec Initiative Idea, Concept Towards Asian Super Grid Rationale, What is next Concluding Lessons to be learned, recommendations
Solar Solar: 270-300 sunny days in a year, 4.3-4.7 kwh/meter or higher per day Estimated kwh/ m 2 /day Applicable land (km 2 ) Total Power: GWh/yea 3.4 5,269.5 654,000 3.8 3,924.7 544,000 4.1 4,210.6 630,000 4.5 4,514.8 742,000 5.4 5,541.9 1,092,000 Total 23,461.5 4,774,000 Source: US National Renewable Energy Laboratory, National Renewable Energy Center of Mon
Renewable Potential in Gobi Desert National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the US Department of Energy estimates the overall potential for installed renewable energy by 2,600 TWh, only for the Mongolian part of the Gobi desert. This divides into 1,100 TWh wind energy potential and 1,500 TWh solar power potential per year. Therefore after an estimation, 3% of the Gobi area would be enough, which includes around 1,3 Mio. km² to produce more than 21.400 TWh of energy in one year. Calculations existed, that this energy production per year would have been enough to serve the energy demand of the whole world in the year 2008.
7 The DESERTEC Concept (for EU-MENA)
The SEATEC Concept (for Northern Europe) European offshore super grid: Transmitting electricity through HVDC interconnectors within Northern Europe Source: European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) 2009 / 2010
GOBITEC and Asian Super Grid INITIATIVE NORTHEAST ASIA) 9 9 Resource: GOBITEC AND ASIAN SUPER GRID FOR RENEWABLE ENERGIES IN NORTHEAST ASIA Report 2014
Ази, номхон далайн бүсийн орнуудын хүрээнд COAL эрчим хүчний OIL нэгдсэн NATURAL систем GAS байгуулах ELECTRICITY санаачлагууд Energy Demand Outlook in NEA Currently, NEAsian region use 1/5 and countries use 1/4 of world energy supply RUSSIA 506 406 310 257 126 159 69 103 2015 2030 3 1 9 3 0 1 0 2 2240 2015 2035 MONGOLIA 1708 CHINA 66 45 2010 DPRKOREA 787 500 552 400 164 2015 2035 754 67 94 76 93 43 40 39 49 2015 2035 KOREA 111 185 152 129 129 101 86 92 JAPAN 10 2015 2035 Unit: Mtoe Source: ADB 2013
Road to Very Large Scale PV MW-scale PV system 100MW PV system GW-scale PV plant : already proven : now realizing! : within a decade! GW-scale to TW electricity Src: 'Potential of Very Large Scale PV Systems', Workshop on Super Grid in North-East Asia, Busan, Korea, 28 March 2013
Nelson River 2 CU-project Vancouver Island Pole 1 Rapid City Square Butte Pacific Intertie Pacific Intertie Upgrading Pacific Intertie Expansion Intermountain IPP Upgrade Blackwater HVDC projects in Worldwide HVDC technology is not new, there has been realized many projects Highgate Châteauguay Outaouais Quebec- New England EWIP English Channel Dürnrohr Sardinia-Italy Sapei Cross Sound Eagle Pass Sharyland Troll Rio Madeira Itaipu Source: Navigant Research, 2014 Inga-Shaba Hällsjön Hagfors Skagerrak 1-3 Valhall Caprivi Link NorNed Konti-Skan Tjæ reborg BorWin1 Apollo Upgrade Cahora Bassa Brazil-Argentina Interconnection I&II Italy-Greece ChaPad Vizag II Rihand-Delhi Vindhyachal FennoSkan 1&2 Estlink Gotland 1-3 Gotland Light SwePol Baltic Cable Kontek Three Gorges-Changzhou Three Gorges-Shanghai Sakuma Gezhouba-Shanghai Three Gorges-Guandong Leyte-Luzon Broken Hill Directlink Murraylink Hülünbeir- Liaoning Lingbao II Extension Xiangjiaba-Shanghai New Zealand 1&2
HVDC projects in China Humeng Shandong (The year means project in operation) 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Humeng - Tianjing Irkutsk (Russia) - Beijing 800kV, 6400 MW, 2016 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Ningxia - Tianjing Russia 3000 MW, 2010 Hami C. China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Xianjiaba Shanghai 800kV, 6400 MW, 2011 Xiluodu - Hanzhou 800kV, 6400 MW, 2015 Xiluodu - Hunan 800kV, 6400 MW, 2014 Jinsha River II East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2016 Jingping East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2012 Jinsha River II East China 800kV, 6400 MW, 2019 Jinsha River II - Fujian 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Nuozhadu-Guangdong 800kV, 5000-6000 MW, 2015 NW-Sichuan (Baoji Deyang) 3000 MW, 2011 Xinjiang Xizang Qinghai Bangkok Gansu NWPG SCPG Sichuan & Chongqing Yunnan NCPG Ningxia Inner Mongolia Shaanxi Guizhou Guangxi Shanxi Jinghong-Thailand 3000MW, 2013 Hainan Jiangsu Henan Anhui CCPG ECPG Shanghai Hubei Hunan Beijing Tianjin Hebei Shandong Jiangxi Fujian Guangdong Liaoning Zhejiang NEPG Heilongjiang Jilin Taiwan BtB Northeast-North (Gaoling) 1500 MW, 2008 North Shaanxi-Shandong 3000 MW, 2011 BtB Shandong - East 1200 MW, 2011 BtB North - Central 1000 MW, 2012 Lingbao BtB Expansion 750 MW, 2009 Goupitan - Guangdong 3000 MW, 2016 Yunnan - Guangdong 800kV, 5000 MW, 2009 BtB China-Russia (HeiHe) 750 MW, 2008 Humeng - Liaoning 800kV, 6400 MW, 2018 Hulunbeir (Inner Mongolia) - Shenyang 3000 MW, 2010 Gezhouba-Shanghai Expansion 3000 MW, 2011 China has accumulated huge experience for constructing the long distance HVDC lines Source: Navigant Research, 2014 FarEast (Russia) NE China 3000 MW, 2010
GOBITEC INITIATIVE AND (NORTHEAST) ASIAN SUPERGRIG The main goal of the Gobitec initiative and (Northeast) Asian Supergrid is: - To build sustainable energy infrastructure based on renewable energy sources, wherein electricity produced from the vast potential of renewable energy in Gobi desert and Siberia would be transmitted through HVDC Supergrid to all countries of the Northeast Asia.
GOBITEC INITIATIVE AND (NORTHEAST) ASIAN SUPERGRIG First study published in 2014; partners: ECS (Brussels) KEEI (Korea) ESI (Russia) MoE (Mongolia) JREF (Japan) Fraunhofer ISI Fraunhofer ISE
GOBITEC/ASG system is composed of 4 parts. 1 Solar/Wind Farms for NRE Generation 2 Collecting system for Generation Sites 3 Cross-border transmission system (ASG) 4 Connecting system to Each Countries Conceptual Configurations on GOBITEC+ASG
Second stage of the study ADB approved Technical Assistance to Mongolia: TA name: Strategy for Northeast Asia Power System Interconnection TA purpose: Prepare action plan and road map for power interconnection in the Northeast Asia TA amount: $1.75 million funded by (i) Climate Change Fund, (ii) The PRC Regional Cooperation, and Poverty Reduction Fund, and (iii)rok e-asia and Knowledge Partnership Fund Implemented period: 2016 to 2018 (25 months)
Second stage of the study TA activities Assess power systems and markets in NE Asia - conduct analytical studies including political, economic, technical, institutional and legal aspects Conduct wind and solar resource assessment of Mongolia and develop renewable energy capacity expansion plan for power export Identify projects and develop investment plan Initiate regional knowledge and investment platform that promotes regional power interconnection participated by nongovernment organizations, research institutes, and the private sector Raise awareness and build consensus through workshops and conferences in Mongolia, PRC, ROK, and Japan.
To move forward - NEA countries are strongly pushing forward the large scale utilization of RE power sources and has accumulated sufficient experiences for constructing the long distance HVDC lines, particularly China, which are very important basic for development of supergrids at regional level in Northeast Asia There are has been accumulated a huge analytical studies & researches for development and construction of long distance transnational HVDC Supergrids in Asia, which concludes that ASG is one of the feasible option for energy integration and technology is proven and available An important issue is that there is an increasing understanding about the need to intensify high level policy dialogue among government of Northeast Asian countries on energy connectivity and it s economic and financial benefits
Thank you for your attention Main Information Sources: Gobitec and Asian Super Grid for Renewable Energies in Northeast Asia, 2014 www.gobitec.org