Sustainable Maintenance Best Practice: Energy Efficiency in the Carbon Free World Michel Abi Saab Team Leader, Energy Efficiency LEED AP, CEM, CMVP Masdar Insert Date3rd Here September 2015
ABSTRACT A building with good operations and maintenance practices that is poorly designed will often out perform a well designed building with poor operations and maintenance practices (ASHRAE 2009). Turner and Frankel, Energy performance of LEED buildings 25% of LEED buildings perform below national average.
MASDAR CITY Masdar City seeks to create a commercially viable, sustainable city providing a good quality of life with the lowest possible environmental footprint. Masdar has established measurable goals in the area of carbon footprints, energy usage, water usage, waste generation, social impact and economic viability. These goals represent the three pillars of sustainability: Social Environmental Economic
ABU DHABI AND MASDAR CITY Abu Dhabi Masdar City
MASTER PLAN Credit: Foster + Partners
COOLING FROM SHADE
COOLING FROM WATER
COOLING FROM WIND
OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT Typical Abu Dhabi Credit: Foster + Partners Masdar City
ENVIRONMENTAL GOALS No. Design Criteria Minimum Requirement 1 Reduction Energy Consumption 40% 2 Renewable Energy Provision 75% of hot water by solar energy 3 Reduction Interior Water Use 40% 4 Exterior Water Use For Landscaping 5 Construction Waste Diversion From Landfill 70% 6 Operation Waste Diversion From Landfill 50% 7 Embodied Carbon in Materials Reduction 15% 8 Sustainability Rating System 2 litres/m2/day 3 Pearl Estidama PBRS LEED Gold
MONITORING DURING OPERATION Masdar City energy efficiency database is collecting and monitoring usage
MONITORING DURING CONSTRUCTION
MOBILITY
CONSTRUCTION WASTE DIVERSION FROM LANDFILL Materials Masdar Institute 610 M3 Blackwood Plywood 1,896 M3 Whitewood 2,374 M3 Steel 2,157 M3 Plastic Pipes 158 M3 Electrical wire 23 M3 7,657 M3 Concrete 48 M3 Plaster board 14,927 M3 Total 92% DIVERSION FROM LANDFILL
SIEMENS BUILDINGS Image Credit: Hufton + Crow Architect: Sheppard Robson / AECOM
SIEMENS BUILDINGS Image Credit: Hufton + Crow Architect: Sheppard Robson / AECOM
Sustainability KPI s :: Estidama PBRS Key Fact Figures
IRENA HQ Architect: Woods Bagot
IRENA HQ Architect: Woods Bagot
IRENA HQ
IMPORTANCE OF O&M The operational phase of a commercial building is significantly longer than the design and construction phase of a project. The lifecycle cost of the operational life of a building is about 60 to 85 percent of the total lifecycle cost, where as the design and construction is about 5 to 10 percent.
HIGH PERFORMANCE BUILDINGS OPERATION & MAINTENANCE High performance buildings have more complex mechanical, lighting and control systems Free reheat and dehumidification Solar collectors for domestic hot-water High effectiveness energy recovery from exhaust air Advanced lighting control Advanced energy management system Low lighting power density Demand-controlled ventilation External shading elements EC DC Fan coil units Maximizing daylit zones High-performance glass High albedo roof coating Airtight envelope Well insulated walls and roof Optimal window to wall ratio
COMMON FINDINGS IN BUILDINGS MEP systems oversized Low chilled water delta T Improper commissioning Unbalanced air & water system Oversupply of OA Air short circuits in chiller Continuous operation of systems Variable speed overridden Poor Fit-out works Clogged filters Low temperature set-points Dirty condensers Uncalibrated sensors Unskilled operators Unsuitable metering Absence of O&M manuals
O&M BEST PRACTICES Incorporate goals for energy efficient building operation into the strategic business plan Train building operators with energy efficient O&M activities & Equip them with the right diagnostic tools Perform regular site assessments, Collect and Analyze Data with Audits and Meters Obtain a clear, written set of sequences of operation and building control strategies Make full use of automatic controls to guarantee efficient operation & Operate equipment only when needed Track actual performance against expected performance Calibrate energy systems regularly, Consider commissioning, re-commissioning & retro-commissioning Most efficiently designed systems are horribly inefficient after several years of operation
ENERGY USE ANALYSIS Energy Use Breakdown in Building: Hourly Elec. Usage (kwh) in Building on a specific working hours Off hours 8:30am - 5:30pm 5:30pm - 8:30am 60% of energy consumed on HVAC kwh 1962 2550 Nb of hours 9 15 kwh/hr 218 170 Working hours vs. off hours Elec. Usage in Building on a day
SUMMARY OF ENERGY CONSERVATION MEASURES Energy Project Measure Number Measure Description Elec. Savings (kwh) Elec. Savings (%) CHW Savings (TRh) CHW Savings (%) Equiv. Energy Savings (kwh) Equiv. Energy Savings (%) Total Cost Savings (AED) Total Cost Savings (%) ECM-1 Reduce Flow Rates in OAHUs 218,556 13% 161,792 18% 345,006 14.6% 77,035 15.4% ECM-2 Turn off OAHUs after Office Hours 62,793 4% 97,075 11% 138,663 5.9% 35,286 7.1% ECM-3 Increase FCUs Set-points - 0% 31,950 4% 24,971 1.1% 8,307 1.7% ECM-4 Turn off FCUs after working hours 36,792 2% 36,210 4% 65,092 2.8% 15,301 3.1% 318,141 19% 327,028 36% 573,732 24.4% 135,930 27.2% VENTILATION SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM IMPROVEMENTS TOTALS
SUCCESS STORIES CHILLER OPERATION
SUCCESS STORIES AIR SYSTEMS OPERATION (FANS)
SUCCESS STORIES LIGHTING SYSTEM OPERATION
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