Green Materials What are the Standards and Specifications for Green Material Certification? Prof. Ir. Dr. Zuhairi bin Abd. Hamid Executive Director, Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM)
Presentation Outline Introduction: Sustainable and Green Building Role and Functions on Green Initiative by CREAM Process Green Certification on Construction Materials and Products Way Forward
What is sustainability and why is it important? The United Nations Brundtland Commission Report (1987) defined sustainable development and urged the world to take note: Sustainable development is that which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. A growing global population is straining the finite resources available on the planet. Sustainability seeks to balance the economic, social, and environmental impacts, recognizing that population growth will continue. Sustainable development brings this evaluation to the design and construction industries, which have significant potential to reduce the negative impact of human activities on the environment.
Impact of the built environment 40% of the world s energy 25% of the timber harvested 16% of the fresh water used 50% ozone depleting CFC s 30% of raw materials used 35% of CO2 emissions 40% of landfill waste Source: USGBC
Defining a vision A Smart Sustainable Eco Building (new / refurbished) will: 1. apply the general principles of sustainability; 2. Result from the involvement of all interested parties and be designed to meet its occupants needs individually and collectively; 3. be completely integrated into the relevant local building, town planning or environmental-planning schemes and infrastructures; 4. be designed from a Life Cycle perspective; 5. have its environmental impact optimized over the estimated service life; 6. deliver economic value over time; 7. provide social and cultural value over time and for all; 8. be healthy, comfortable, safe and accessible for its occupants; 9. be designed or refurbished to be user-friendly, simple and cost effective in operation, with measurable technical and environmental performances over time; 10. be designed or refurbished to be adaptable throughout its service life, with an end-of-life strategy. Source: G Masera, G Iannaccone Smart-ECO buildings
10 Principles of the Green Way Principle 1: Focus on the Big Picture Principle 2: Choose a Sustainable Site Principle 3: Do the Math Principle 4: Site Plan Work for You Principle 5: Landscape for Savings Principle 6: Design for Greater Green Principle 7: Take Advantage of Technology Principle 8: Save and Manage Water Principle 9: Use Alternative Materials Principle 10: Construct Green Green mindset from onset Regeneration Apply Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) Site planning strategy Cost effective tools Design management Creating innovation in building Rainwater Harvesting 3R; Reduce, Reuse, Recycle Construction process Holistic Approach Damage to natural resources Return on Investment (ROI) Building Orientation Shapes, colours, orientation, materials used Conserving irrigation systems Non-toxic alternative building materials Recycle construction waste materials Accommodate with existing facilities Effective Storm Water Management Systems Source: Green Business Strategy, Harvard Business Review
Green Building An integrated framework of design, construction, operations, and demolition practices that encompass the environmental, economic, and social impacts of buildings. Building practices recognizing the interdependence of the natural and built environment and seek to minimize the use of energy, water, and other natural resources while providing a healthy and productive indoor environment. Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US
What is Green Technology Opportunities Green Technology & Opportunities Energy & Technology Solar power Wind power Energy Storage & Transportation Building Design Construction Building Materials Public Sector & Utilities Planning Energy Water
Green Building Sustainable Durable/Adaptable Building beyond the codes Build for the occupant Whole systems approach
Barriers to Green Codes/Standards Education Cost Products not available Breaking tradition
Reasons to Build Green Mandated Market demands Occupant comfort and health Save $ Environmental responsibility
Reasons to Build Green (Continued) Building to code means that if a building were designed any worse it would be against the law. Source: Randy Croxton, Architect
Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM s) Initiative towards Green Building
ECO-LABELLING TASK FORCE ORGANISATION: Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM) SIRIM Association Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM) Federation of Malaysian Manufacturers (FMM) Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia (PAM) Malaysia Green Building Confederation (MGBC) Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Master Builders Association Malaysia (MBAM) Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM)
ECO-LABELLING STANDARD DEVELOPMENT TOWARDS CERTIFICATION PROCESS Identify Product for Eco-labelling Submit Application to Eco-Labelling Institute Which institute? i.e. CREAM Feasibility study on Product against Established Product Standard Product Criteria Document Setting Processing of Application by institute or appointed CB Send Product for Testing at Accredited Lab Factory and Product Assessment Preparation of Report Approval on Eco-Labelling Product Award of Eco-Labelling Certification Renewal
TASK FORCE STEERING GROUP AND PEER REVIEW PANELS ON DOCUMENTING GREEN GUIDE SPECIFICATION The Green Building Guide to Specification and Environmental Profiles methodology research programme project steering group The Green Guide to Specification and Environmental Profiles methodology critical peer review panel Environmental Profiles methodology third-party peer review panel Source: Green Guide to Specification brepress
The Green Guide for typical and common building elemental categories: Ground floors Upper floors Separating floors Roofs External walls Windows and curtain walling Internal walls Separating walls Insulation Landscaping Source: Green Guide to Specification brepress
Examples of available points in new construction Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US
Examples of available points in a basic remodel Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US
Examples of available points in a bathroom remodel Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US
Examples of available points in a kitchen remodel Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US
Green Examples Bamboo Flooring Glass Tile Source: Hillsborough Building and Planning, US FACE Certified Wood
The Preparation towards GREEN..
Source; 2 nd Green Building Master plan, BCA Singapore
Sustainability and Green Construction through Industrialised Building System (IBS) in the Malaysian Construction Industry : A Research Initiative Zuhairi Abd. Hamid, Kamarul Anuar Mohamad Kamar, Charles Egbu, Mohamad Arif, Mohd Khairolden Ghani Construction Research Institute of Malaysia (CREAM) & University of Salford,UK
Is precast concrete a green building material? Precast concrete contributes to green building practices in significant ways. The low water-cement ratios possible with precast concrete -0.36 to 0.38- mean it can be extremely durable. The thermal mass of concrete allows shifting of heating and cooling loads in a structure to help reduce mechanical-system requirements. Because precast concrete is factory-made, there is little waste created in the plant (most plants employ exact-batching technologies) and it reduces construction waste and debris on site, reducing construction IAQ concerns. The loadcarrying capacities, optimized cross sections, and long spans possible with precast concrete members help eliminate redundant members, and concrete readily accommodates recycled content. Source: Midway-Atlantic Precast Association
How does precast concrete contribute to the underlying sustainability concept of Reduce, Reuse, Recycle? By reducing the amount of materials and the toxicity of waste materials. Precast concrete can be designed to optimize (lessen) the amount of concrete used in a structure or element As one example, the use of carbon-fiber reinforcement or insulation can reduce: Amount of concrete needed in a precast concrete panel Weight of a precast concrete panel Transportation cost of precast concrete panel Amount of energy used to erect a precast concrete panel Precast concrete generates low amounts of waste with low toxicity 2% of the concrete at a precast plant is waste 95% of the waste is used to manufacture new panels By reusing products and containers and repairing what can be reused Precast concrete panels can be reused when buildings are expanded or dismantled Concrete pieces from demolished structures can be reused to protect shorelines Wood or fiberglass formwork used to make precast concrete products is generally reused 40 or more times Concrete and steel have practically unlimited service lives By recycling as much as possible, including buying products with recycled content Industrial wastes (fly ash, slag, and silica fume) can be used as partial replacements for cement Wood and steel forms are recycled when they become worn or obsolete Virtually all reinforcing steel is made from recycled steel Insulation contains partially recycled material Concrete in most urban areas is recycled as fill or road base Source:Midway-Atlantic Precast Association
Potential Roles of IBS in Green Construction and Sustainability Potential Role of IBS in Green Construction & Sustainability Sustainability from Controlled Production Environment IBS & Waste Reduction IBS & Building Materials IBS & Logistics IBS & Economic Sustainability
Green Building Index (GBI) Developed by Association of Consulting Engineers Malaysia (ACEM) and Pertubuhan Arkitek Malaysia (PAM) to promote sustainability in Built Environment Six (6) key criteria including energy efficiency, indoor environment quality, sustainable site planning, material and resources, water efficiency and innovation
GBI Incentives Stamp duty exemption for buyers of buildings with Green Building Index Certificates Tax exemption equivalent to the additional capital expenditure to obtain Green Building index certificate from October 24 this year to 31 st December 2014
Conclusion Establish Standards on Green Building Materials Malaysian Construction move towards Sustainable and Green Procurement Initiatives
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