MUNIN -Maritime Unmanned Navigation through Intelligence in Networks MESA Workshop on "The Connected Ship and Shipping" June 29 th 2016 Ørnulf Jan Rødseth Senior Scientist, MARINTEK OrnulfJan.Rodseth@marintek.sintef.no Norsk Marinteknisk Forskningsinstitutt
A concept study for a fully unmanned handymax dry bulk carrier on an intercontinental voyage. Duration: 01.09-2012 31.08.2015 Funding: 2.9 million EUR of budget 3.8 million EUR Activity code: SST.2012.5.2-5: E-guided vessels - the 'autonomous' ship 2
Different forms of autonomy Improved technical systems Periodically unmanned systems Sensors Fully unmanned ship Collision avoidance Engine Technical monitoring Maintenance Bridge Shore control center Berthing, mooring Cargo handling However, in this presentation, the fully unmanned merchant ship is the subject.
Why unmanned ships?
De-carbonization of European Transport Lower energy use for conventional ships and operations Smaller and low cost barges for underutilized inland waterways http://godsfergen.no New ship concepts for competitive short sea transport
Increase competitiveness of European industry Equipment and yards Operations New transport systems
Increase safety of shipping Own ship: No crew that can be harmed NOAA Office of Response and Restoration Other ships and environment: Less human errors Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council Lookout: Better sensor systems 7
Also, increasing autonomy in other areas Dockland Light Rail tfl.gov.uk Google Car Google.com
9 and high public acceptance.
Will all ships eventually be unmanned?
Some important business case limitations 24x7 24x7 Shore control centre Need infrastructure: Line traffic Lack of international legislation and experience in operations. Necessary investments versus operational risks
Some important technical limitations http://maritimeaccident.org No onboard cargo intervention No crew or accommodation Rolls Royce Plc High reliability and redundancy Vard Rapid repair
1 3 Other important considerations Cyber security and piracy Wikimedia.org/Caricato da Makki98 University of Texas at Austin Off ship General Ship Layer Integrated Ship Control (ISC) Layer Process Layer Instrument Layer FW/GW FW/GW Other Open Internet Crew/Passenger Internet Accommodation RADAR VPN Chart Gyro GPS AIS GPS VPN Energy management Safety Management FW/GW Navigation Owner s systems Performance monitoring Owners and other parties offices Reporting applications Engine 1 ISC database and access Automation Maintenance Administrative Engine 2 FW/GW Bridge Engine 1 Engine 2 Sensor Actuator Sensor Actuator New sensors and navigation systems Much improved onboard IT systems and shore communication
Also need a new and integrated design and verification methodology Iteratively look at the operational issues in the context of the system design and vice versa. Risk reduction principle covering both operation and design. Validation through hypothesis testing.
How does unmanned ships fit into general development trends?
Automation and autonomy is a main trend in itself
1 7 Several ship concepts have been proposed
It is a logical development in the emerging Shipping 4.0 1800 1900 1970 2010 1800 1910 1970 2015
Off ship General Ship Layer Integrated Ship Control (ISC) Layer Process Layer Instrument Layer FW/GW FW/GW Other Open Internet Crew/Passenger Internet Accommodation RADAR VPN Chart Gyro GPS AIS GPS VPN Energy management Safety Management FW/GW Navigation Owner s systems Performance monitoring Owners and other parties offices Reporting applications Engine 1 ISC database and access Automation Maintenance Administrative Engine 2 FW/GW Bridge Engine 1 Engine 2 Sensor Actuator Sensor Actuator Cyber Security Robotics and Autonomy Simulation and Optimization Augmented reality Big Data Analytics Shipping 4.0 Open system integration Cloud computing SHIP Ship Performance Registrations Report: Performance Assessment / Support MANAGEMENT HQ PERFORMANCE TCI Efficiency TCI Balance TCI Degradation Internet of Services Cyber-physical systems TeCoMan Computation Internet of Things at Sea MARINTEK
There is a huge interest also from administrations NFAS Norsk Forum for Autonome Skip nfas.autonomous-ship.org www.ukmarinealliance.co.uk/mas
Where do we go from here?
Inland waterways Short voyages 12-50 TEU Inland, fjords/sheltered Low cost: Wait in port Legs 4-12 hours Port cranes Automated berthing Batteries
Short sea automated transport Transport between small ports National/Regional 24/7 port calls Legs 4-12 hours Fully automated cargo handling Automated berthing Hybrid, LNG, biofuel, methanol http://godsfergen.no
Offshore supply Bibby ship management Offshore supply vessel North Sea, Mexican Gulf One state involved 3-6 day roundtrip Base near open sea Infrastructure at base/rig Remote controlled at base/rig Dual propulsion systems Diesel-electric LNG, biofuel, methanol
Conclusions and summary Largest unmanned ship study so far in Europe is now completed. Overall conclusion is that the unmanned ship will come no long term show stoppers. There are factors that needs to be considered for successful implementation. Several new initiatives already started and underway
2 6 Thank you for your attention! http://www.unmanned-ship.org SST.2012.5.2-5: Grant no. 314286 E-guided vessels: The 'autonomous' ship RAVEN MG-2.3-2016: New and improved transport concepts in waterborne transport