Transmission and Interconnectors Peter Børre Eriksen Head of Systems Analysis Energinet.dk 1
ENTSO-E: 41 TSOs from 34 countries Founded on 19 Dec 2008 and fully operational since July 2009 A trans-european network 525 million citizens served 828 GW generation 305,000 Km of transmission lines 3,400 TWh/year demand 400 TWh/year exchanges Legal mandate, among which TYNDPs, based on Reg. (EC)714/2009 2
More than 50000 km of grid corridors to build or refurbish 3
TYNDP 2012: Renewable generation triggers 80% of investments needs Peak load growing by about 8% by 2020 energy efficiency, economic crisis switch from fossil fuels to electricity, development of electric devices Grid development drivers Drivers for grid development Demand growth New conventional generation Renewable energies boom providing by 2020 as much as 38% of the electricity demand mostly wind, photovoltaic New RES generation Generation decommissioning CO2 emissions of the power sector also sink from 26% to 57% Depending on the share of gas and coal-fired units in the mix New Hydro storage 4
Map of Main Concerns TYNDP2012 5 ANO 5
The loop flow challenge case Slovakia Scheduled flow from the market dispatch Measured flow 380 1074 1280 1705 TRANSIT 1075 2166 60 632 1015 1526 Flows in MW 6
Reinforcements of the transmission grid and interconnectors Danish transmission and offshore wind farms 2010 Skagerrak 4 700 MW - HVDC NO-DK1 HVDC - VSC In operation Under construction Planning process Anholt 1+2 400 MW Wind farm offshore COBRA 700 MW - HVDC NL-DK1 EC co-funding HVDC - VSC Kriegers Flak 600 MW Wind farm offshore 600 MW HVDC HVDC - VSC DE-DK2 EC co-funding Integration of Wind Power - EWEA 15 April - Bella Center - 7
The Wind Power Challenge from 25 % to 50 % wind by 2020 Today 2020 4,500 4,000 25% wind power 4,500 4,000 50% wind power 3,500 3,500 3,000 3,000 2,500 2,500 2,000 2,000 1,500 1,500 1,000 1,000 500 500 0 Wind power Demand 0 Wind power Demand Wind power covers the entire demand for electricity In the future wind power might exceed demand in 200 hours (West DK) in more than 1,000 hours Effective Wind power integration using: Robust Transmission grid with strong interconnectors Flexibility by including heat sector, electric vehicles, gas sector Intelligent control using Smart Grid applications Power of Wind - EWEA 15 April - Bella Center - 8
Business case of transmission lines Trading benefits Potential reduction of reserves Regulating power Black starting System supporting services Reliability improvements Transit compensation Investment costs and O&M Any other business 9
Trading benefits- in principle New demand Consumer surplus Additional benefit Consumer surplus Congestion rent new price New price New supply Producer surplus Producer surplus Re-distribution Re-distribution Additional benefit Low price area A High price area B 10
Capacity and congestion rent Euro Trading benefits Congestion rent capacity 11
Criterion of investment Euro Marginal trading benefit Marginal congestion rent Marginal cost Company investment criterion Socio economic investment criterion Capacity Difference in investment 12
Market models Objective: Simulate the market Output: Prices and power flows How: Price Fundamental model of the market Description of actors in the market Generating units Demand Transmission lines Description of behavior Volume Market cross: Supply and demand meet 13
Data set in Market Models Basic data (historic) Generating units (unit efficiency, type of fuel, etc) Profiles of demand Wind power profiles Profiles of inflows to hydro plants Environment friendliness Presumptions of analysis (future) Future generating units Future fuel prices Installed capacity of wind Electricity demand international cooperation Scenarios Four futures in 2030 Used for check of robustness Data for foreign countries (cooperation) Foreign generation and demand Transmission lines Bilateral cooperation Previous: Nordel, Now: Entso-E 14
Simulation and results Generation Produktion in i Danmark DK during i en uge a week (MWh/h) (MWh/h) 4000 42 2000 Wind Vind CHP Decentral Central 42 42 0 Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat Sun man tir ons tor fre lør søn 42 43 90% 60% Hydro Magasinniveau storage level - Norge in Norway 2016 48 52 30% 48 52 0% Jan Feb Mar Apr Maj Jun Jul Aug Sep Okt Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 15
European wind power time series Wind power time 6.5 GW 5 GW 0.6 GW 1 GW 2 GW 0.9 GW 3.7 GW 1 GW series are generated for all relevant areas in Europe. This is based on a Danish power curve and on local meteorological data. 13 GW 6.5 GW 5 GW 5 GW Integration of Wind A UK-DK Power - interconnector EWEA 15 April - Bella Center - 16
Detailed results, example Prices in EUR/MWh, DK generation in GWh/h 17
Thank you! www.energinet.dk Horns Rev 18