Overview of Municipal Solid Waste Management in Thailand Pollution Control Department Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Thailand
Status of MSW (As of 2007) Problems Policies and Plan
Status of MSW (As of 2007) Situation & Problems Generated 100% Recyclable Potential Collected 80% 84% 14.6 Million Tons 12.3 Million Tons 11.7 million Tons Sanitary Disposed 36% Actual Recycled 22% From recovery Improper activities: Disposed Garbage Banks, 64% Municipal Collectors, junk shops 3.2 Open Million Dump Tons Sites Open Burning
Area Amount Of Municipal Waste (tons per day) Treatment & Disposal 1.Bangkok 2.Municipality areas including Pattaya (1,156 locations) 3.Outside the municipality areas 8,473 12,912 18,697 8,473 4,780 1,120
Situation & Problems Problems of Non-Waste Separation Co-disposal HW and MSW Illegal Dumping / Open Dumping
Situation & Problems Problems of Landfill Operations No Operational Procedures No Environmental Controls
Existing MSW Disposal Facilities Situation & Problems Incineration Phuket province (250 T/D) Samui Island (75 T/D) Lampoon Province (10 T/D) Sanitary Landfill being operated 96 sites Under construction/ renovation 10 sites Integrated Waste Management System System Wieng Fang Municipality (150 T/D) Rayong Municipality (80 T/D) Chonburi Provincial Administrative Organization (300-400 T/D)
Infectious Waste
Infectious Waste Situation & Problems There are 11 local areas being operated BMA (19 T/D) Pattaya City (0.3-0.4 T/D) Nonthaburi Provincial Administrative Organization (1.89 T/D) Samut Sakorn Municipality (0.7 T/D) Suphanburi Municipality (0.2-0.3 T/D) Chieng Mai Municipality (0.6 T/D) Khon Kaen Municipality Hat Yai Municipality (1.3-1.5 T/D) Phuket Municipality (0.4 T/D) Udorn Thani Municipality (0.53 T/D) Chonburi Provincial Administrative Organization
Nation Policies and Plan Policies and Plan Promote 3Rs hierarchy (Reduce/ Reuse and Recycle) Promote participation between public sector private sector and public awareness/education Encourage establishment of central solid waste disposal facilities with appropriate technology
Nation Policies and Plan Policies and Plan Promote privatization Establish laws and revise existing laws and regulations as well as emphasize on law enforcement in order to make various steps of waste management more effective
National Policy Framework Policies and Plan Minimize waste generations Apply 3Rs Promote Green Product
National Policy Framework Policies and Plan Integrated waste management based on waste to energy concept Recyclable Solid for reuse / recycling 3Rs Organic Digestion Biogas Compost Solid Waste Noncombustible/ Non-digestable Combustible Ash RDF Heat / Electricity Landfill Incineration Wastewater Treatment
Waste disposal approach Policies and Plan Combination of Adjacent local Administrative Organization for handling municipal solid waste (privatization is needed) Size of clusters Large (3 clusters) Medium (206 clusters) M1 M2 M3 Small (90clusters) Solid waste to system (t/d) > 500 250-500 100-250 50-100 < 50
National Policy Framework Policies and Plan Develop separation system for household hazardous waste from end-of of-life products
Rules and regulations for waste management and waste disposal Public Health Act A.E.1992 The Act provides a legal basis for MSW to local administrations in managing the wastes generated by developing and issuing ordinances and regulation for collection, transportation, and disposal of waste generated. The Factory Act. A.E.1992 Rules & Regulations The Act provides a legal basis for establishment and control of industrial operation including setting and enforcement of industrial standards. The import, export, manufacturing, storage, transport, use and disposal of hazardous substances are controlled according to the Hazardous Substance Act A.E.1992.
Rules and regulations for waste management and waste disposal Rules & Regulations The Enhancement and Conservation of National Environmental Quality Act A.E.1992 The Act empowers local administrations to conduct central disposal facility for public service either by themselves or by licensed private contractors. Environmental Fund is established to disburse as grants or loans to both government agencies and private sector for investment in and operation of those central facilities.
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