Integrated Processes, Software Interoperability and Information Networking in the Construction Industry Chief Research Scientist arto.kiviniemi@vtt.fi TEKES Current Situation The work is mainly done with computers but much of the information is still exchanged on paper, which causes non-valueadding work, friction, data losses and errors 2/32
Goal in the Future Information is shared in exploitable data format directly between different systems 3/32 Benefits? Information Networking in the Construction Process TEKES
1999 NIST study of 700 projects greater use of IT correlates with better project performance both owners and contractors realise meaningful benefits pronounced IT learning curve, but benefits outweigh risks beneficial schedule compression overall project cost savings ~ 1 % and construction cost savings ~ 4 % accrue to increased use of IT 5/32 6/32 Some Studies of Potential Savings Germany savings of 2 billion DEM/year just by improving the quality of DXF data hypothesis: work decrease of 50% in the receiving company - Wolfgang Haas 1998 Finland potential savings of 7% in the construction costs by efficient IT use This estimation did not include any savings which could come by reducing errors with better information management - Enkovaara & Heikkonen 1998 AEC3 (several countries) removal of information re-keying would enable savings of 16% in the construction- Thomas Liebich & Jeffrey Wix 1999 CAD & other building data exchange in USA DOD uses US$ 40 million per month in additional work because of the lack of standards - Dana Smith, US Department of Defence 1999 DOD is 4% of US markets -> 25*40M per month in US -> US$ 12 billion per year in USA
7/32 Requirements for Networking Infrastructure high-capacity networks Information language standardised data structures software support for data sharing Tools computers connected to the networks software support for collaboration Culture will to collaborate ICT know-how Infrastructure Information Networking in the Construction Process TEKES
9/32 Internet - ebusiness easy to join and use, low costs emerging rapidly also in construction new services for construction industry huge market expectations mainly because of current, inefficient procurement processes fast development on-going, especially in USA ~200.com companies for AEC/FM services ~1 billion US$ venture capital investment last year Finland is one of the leading countries in the Internet penetration major potential for the construction industry Number of Internet Hosts Index = Internet hosts / 1000 inhabitants Source: Network Wizards, Internet Domain Survey (http://www.nw.com) 10/32 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 1/98 7/98 1/99 7/99 1/00 USA Finland Island Norway New Zealand Sweden Denmark Australia Canada Netherlands UK Germany Estonia Japan
11/32 Possibilities of Internet Internet can transfer only information it can and it should also improve information management AEC/FM industry is an information intensive branch all design and engineering activities procurement and delivery control bids, offers and comparing alternatives contract and project management cost and utilisation degree control maintenance planning and budgeting technical and security system control in buildings... 12/32 Internet Tools Current situation for AEC/FM industry email, project data banks, collaboration tools limited information services and commerce Future ebusiness areas advanced product libraries indexed product information, specialised search engines with customised user interfaces with connection to design and procurement tools installation and maintenance instruction data and software services by demand network services special design, simulation & analysis services procurement FM monitoring and maintenance...
Common Information Language Information Networking in the Construction Process TEKES IAI - International Alliance for Interoperability Defining IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) - an industrial product data model describing buildings First commercial IFC implementations available 9 Chapters, more than 650 member organisations in 20 countries North America Nordic UK German Speaking French Speaking Korea Japan Singapore Australasia 14/32
Different views to the building Many IFC does activities not standardize in the construction data structures industry in and individual FM need tasks, the only same the basic shared data information Equipment Maintenance Facility Building Maintenance Services Repair and Renovation HVAC Design Property Management IFC-model Structural Design 15/32 Sale and rental activities Architectural Design Marketing 3D Modelling Visualisation 16/32 Concepts Supported in IFC Cross industry projects, buildings, building storeys, design grids, constraints (design, building codes, budgets), networks (topology), library links over Internet Architectural design spaces, walls, doors, windows, columns, beams, floors, roof slabs, curtain walls, roofs, stairs, ramps, restrooms, elevators, escalators, cabinets, counters, accessories HVAC design HVAC equipment (all kinds), ducting and piping systems, thermal load calculations Construction Management costs & cost schedules (for quantities and cost estimating), work tasks & work groups (for work planning & scheduling) Facilities management furniture, office equipment, occupants, panel systems, asset information, work orders & move plans (for occupancy planning / move management) Building codes energy code checking, occupant escape from fire, handicapped access to buildings
17/32 Current IFC Products acadgraph - Alberti for spatial design Autodesk - AutoCAD Architectural Desktop 2 Bentley - MicroStation and CAD platform DOE-PNNL -energy code checking Fujitsu, architectural CAD Graphisoft - ArchiCAD LBNL - visualisation, energy simulation M&M - RoCAD, HVAC engineering MB Software - low-cost architectural CAD NEC - NcadArc, architectural CAD Nemetschek - CAD for architects, CAD and FEM for structural engineers, CAD for contractors and FM software Olof Granlund - IFC interface to SMOG and Riuska (thermal performance simulation) Point Gruppen - ADT2 localisation, IFC interface to PointARXi Primavera - scheduling Progman - MagiCAD, HVAC CAD Sofistik - SofiCAD, structural engineering Timberline - cost estimation Microsoft Visio - low-cost 2D-CAD YIT - COVE, process management for contractor Vera Technology Programme Information Networking in the Construction Process Finnish national Construction IT Programme by Tekes (National Technology Agency) Schedule - six years; 1997-2002 Total volume Original budget ~170 million FIM (~28 million ) Current estimation ~240 million FIM (~40 million ) ~40...45 % by Tekes ~100 million FIM (~17 million ) ~60...55 % by the industry ~140 million FIM (~23 million ) Current situation Research projects: 31 / 20 million FIM (3.3 million ) Industrial projects: 70 / 120 million FIM (20.0 million ) Total: 101 / 140 million FIM (23.3 million ) 18/32
Vera Technology Programme The target is to promote the implementation and use of IT and networks as the enabling technologies to re-engineer the construction process Development of the Construction Process Implementation of IT SYNERGY Life Cycle Information Management Efficient Use of the Information Networks Information Sharing 19/32 Information Lifecycle Briefing Sketching Design, Engineering Knowledge Briefing for Changes Product Specification Planning, Cost Information 20/32 Demolition Facility Construction Management
Tools and Processes Information Networking in the Construction Process TEKES 22/32 Design and Engineering Processes Models can contain complex rules for behaviour and relations between objects (semi)automated design integration and code checking easy and cost efficient evaluation and simulation at any project stage thermal, lighting and performance simulation more accurate cost estimation direct connection to the production New service areas for designers/engineers LCA/LCC services information maintenance FM services...
BS- LCA Model of Olof Granlund Building envelope Technical systems BS-system LCC tool AHU LCC tool Energy simulation tool 3D space modelling tool BS system design tool HVAC CAD tool Electrical CAD tool RETU (Granlund) RITU (Granlund) RIUSKA/DOE (Granlund) SMOG (Granlund) BS-DESIGN MODULES (Granlund) (MagiCad) (Sähäkkä) LCC database BS-CLIENT BS-CLIENT Simulation database BS-CLIENT IFC In/out BSsystem database BS-CLIENT BS-CLIENT HVAC material data ELectrical material data BS-IFC FILE for building services design BS-SERVER (IFC/COM Server for Integrated HVAC Design) RETU RIUSKA RITU BS-CLIENT BS- LCA MODULE Environmental data managing and reporting LCA valuation modules Life cycle costs Energy Environment Product data 23/32 LCC anaysis Yearly energy + environmental impacts Building life cycle reports LCI calculation LCA analysis BS- LCA DATABASE BS-LCA Environmental data library Valuation parameter libraries GRANLUND SOFTWARE Environmental profiles LCA Integrated LCA tool for the entire building life cycle 24/32 Construction Process Information as a part of the product: building maintenance database based on as-built information will be delivered as a part of the building product information must be a part of the electronic procurement and commerce electronic product libraries with direct interface to design and procurement software and building data models - XML? Advanced technologies Wireless applications, on-site equipment... VR-models, virtual presence... Product identification chips, blue tooth...
SPADEX Spatial Data Exchange Project AIO Group Oy ARXi IFC-file Open Modifications Additions Olof Granlund Oy SMOG/RIUSKA Spatial data mgt Heat loss calc. Cooling load calc. SPADEX IFC - FILE Granlund External data base Energy simulation A-Insinöörit Oy ConcreteCad Element schedule Bill of materials Production drawings Progman Oy MagiCAD Ventilation system modeling Material schedule YIT Corporation COVE Production methods Alternatives Cost estimation YIT External data base Production planning VTT ProMoTe VR model creation Graphical interface to model Visualization 25/32 26/32 Lifecycle Management Key people are the clients; building owners and facility managers. they will have the most benefits they can set the requirements Better tools for early decision making LCA and LCC tools maintenance simulations Better tools for FM/PM better budgeting tools less unused spaces better management for preventive maintenance lower costs for maintenance
Culture Information Networking in the Construction Process TEKES Barriers to the Change The change to data sharing is not only technical - it is much more cultural new work processes sufficient IT skills true co-operation in projects The pre-study for the Vera programme in 1996-1997 showed that the lack of IT skills and know-how in the industry is the main barrier to the wider implementation of IT wide range of education is a necessity 28/32
29/32 Driving Forces for Changes Facility and property management: more complex requirements for buildings more accurate information for FM activities more profit for the investments in buildings inflation does not help as it used to do environmental and life cycle issues are coming more and more important The need to improve productivity removal of non-value adding work re-use of information better process and information management New View to the AEC/FM Industry Core Business USERS Facility Management REAL ESTATE INDUSTRY Services Construction Asset Management OWNERS Property Management 30/32 Pertti Tuominen Former CEO of State Real Property Agency
31/32 New Business Concepts Drafting" information management paper document digital information traditional documents product models document a view of the model from a specified angle at a specified moment technical and juridical problems Information will be produced for: decision making and production use and maintenance of buildings Minimising the cost maximising the added value 32/32 ICT Strategy ICT is not a value as such for AEC/FM Technology already exists, the problem is how to use it with your partners Connection to your core business? WHY, what, how, when, who? model your processes re-engineer the problem areas Only if you know what you need for your own activities, you can set the demands for information partnering / strategic alliances developing, learning and benefiting together