Robert F. Curl Jr. Richard E. Smalley Sir Harold W. Kroto

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Transcription:

Robert F. Curl Jr. Richard E. Smalley Sir Harold W. Kroto

a) dijamant b) grafit c) lonsdeilait d)-f) fulereni g) amorfni ugljenik h) CNT ugljenične nanotube dijamant transparentan tvrd veoma slab provodnik grafit crn mek dobar provodnik

Sumio Ijima Single-walled carbon nanotubes SWCNT Multi-walled carbon nanotubes MWCNT

Jednoslojne nanotube Višeslojne nanotube Nanotorus Nanotube naslagane u obliku kupe Nanopupoljci

Nannos patuljak Nanotehnologija istraživanje i manipulacija materijom u sferi ispod 100 nm 1 nm = 10-9 m K. Eric Drexler - 1981 Ako želite da vidite mašine nanotehnologije, pogledajte se u ogledalo. TRIJUMF NANOTEHNOLOGIJE-MOLEKULSKE MAŠINE NAJSAVRŠENIJA MOLEKULSKA MAŠINA-ŽIVA ĆELIJA

1 metar source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

10 centimetara source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

1 centimetar source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

100 mikrometara source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

10 mikrometara source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

1 mikrometar source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

100 nanometara source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

10 nanometara source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

1 nanometar source: CERN http://microcosm.web.cern.ch/microcosm

Nije važno koliko je nešto veliko!!! Već šta možemo uraditi s tim!!! Danas, imamo uređaje, i možemo dobro da vidimo pojedinačne atome : STM - scanning tunneling microscope. AFM -atomic force microscope - može da pomera pojedinačne atome

Biokompatibilne elektrode Transport lekova Veštački mišići

Protein Bionanomaterijali 1) Biološki materijali u nanotehnologiji - Proteini, enzimi, DNA, RNA, peptidi 2) Sintetički nanomaterijali koji se koriste u biomedicini - Polimeri, porozni silicijum, CNT nanotubes Cross-linked enzymes used as catalyst Univ. of Connecticut, Storrs, 2007 Porous silicon (PSi) Human cell on PSi Enzymes are used as oxidation catalysts Bone cell on porous silicon Univ. of Rochester, 2007

Termalno topljenje ćelija raka Nanoshells imaju metalni spoljašnji sloj oko zrna peska (SiO 2 ) Selektivno su privučeni ćelijama raka korišćenjem određenih molekula na površini ili usled fenomena povećane propustljivosti i zadržavanja (karakteristika ćelija raka) Nanoshells se greju IR zračenjem i na taj način se ćelije raka tope Thermal ablation of cancer cells assisted by nanoshells coated with metallic layer and an external energy source National Cancer Institute

Lečenje Ciljana dostava lekova (drug delivery) Nanočestice koje sadrže lek se oblažu antitelima ćelija raka Nanočestice se kreću kroz krvne sudove i dolaze do ciljnih ćelija Lek se oslobađa direktno na ciljnu ćeliju raka Poboljšana dostava lekova slabo rastvorljivih u vodi Istovremena dostava dva ili više lekova Praćenje mesta dostave lekova Targeted drug delivery Targeted drug delivery using a multicomponent nanoparticle containing therapeutic as well as biological surface modifying agents Mauro Ferrari, Univ. of Cal. Berkley

Nanotehnologija nudi sredstva i tehnike za efikasniju detekciju, dijagnozu i lečenje bolesti Detekcija i Dijagnoza Lab-on-chips Integriše jednu ili više laboratorijskih operacija na jednom čipu Obezbeđuje brzi rezultat i lako rukovanje Primena: Biohemijske analize (DNA/protein/ćelijske analize) Pomažu kod rane detekcije raka tumor markeri The microfluidic channel with nanowire sensor can detect the presence of altered genes associated with cancer J. Heath, Cali. Insti. of Technology The nanoscale cantilever detects the presence and concentration of various molecular expressions of a cancer cell A. Majumdar, Univ. of Cal. at Berkeley

Veštačka kost dobijena kombinacijom veštačkog kalcita, sedefa i kompozita koji pvezuje Prethodna dva materijala i daje dodatnu čvrstinu i snagu Markus Buehler MIT civil engineering professor