MACMILLAN/McGRAW-HILL SCIENCE: A CLOSER LOOK TO ALASKA SCIENCE PERFORMANCE STANDARDS And GRADE LEVEL EXPECTATIONS Macmillan/ Edition, Copyright 2008
MACMILLAN/MCGRAW-HILL SCIENCE: A CLOSER LOOK, COPYRIGHT 2008 Alaska Science Alaska Science for Science Performance Standards () A1 Science as Inquiry and Process SA Students develop an understanding of the processes and applications of scientific inquiry. SA1 Students develop an understanding of the processes of science used to investigate problems, design and conduct repeatable scientific investigations, and defend scientific arguments. SA2 Students develop an understanding that the processes of science require integrity, logical reasoning, skepticism, openness, communication, and peer review. SA3 Students develop an understanding that culture, local knowledge, history, and interaction with the environment contribute to the development of scientific knowledge, and local applications provide opportunity for understanding scientific concepts and global issues. The student develops an understanding of the processes of science by: [4] SA1.1 asking questions, predicting, observing, describing, measuring, classifying, making generalizations, inferring and communicating. Be a Scientist Explore Activities: What do you know about volcanoes? Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life Explore Activities: What are living things made of? Quick Lab: Cells, Tissues, and Organs Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Observe Explore Activities: How are organisms classified? Quick Lab: Observe a One-Celled Organism Explore Activities: How are leaves different from each other? Quick Lab: How Do Mosses Get Water? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do root hairs affect the amount of water a plant can absorb? Explore Activities: Does a seed need water to grow? Quick Lab: Make a Seed Model 3 21 27 30-31 33 39 45 53 56-57 59 64 Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom Explore Activities: What makes an earthworm an animal? Macmillan 77 2
Alaska Science for Quick Lab: How Jellyfish Move 80 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Classify 86-87 Explore Activities: What does a backbone do? 89 Quick Lab: How Birds Fly 93 Explore Activities: How does an earthworm respond to light? 99 Quick Lab: Make a Model Lung 102 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do feet help birds move in water? 106-107 Explore Activities: How does a caterpillar change as it grows? 109 Quick Lab: Animal Cards 116 Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Explore Activities: What can you find in an environment? Quick Lab: Sun and Shade Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Predict Explore Activities: How much sunlight reaches a forest floor? Quick Lab: Biome Soils Explore Activities: How much energy do living things use? Quick Lab: Observe a Decomposer Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Explore Activities: Does the shape of a bird s beak affect what it eats? Quick Lab: Mimicry Model Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Form a Hypothesis Explore Activities: How do plants respond to their environment? Quick Lab: Drying Time Explore Activities: How can a change to an ecosystem affect living things? Quick Lab: Holding Soil Together 129 131 134-135 137 143 149 151 165 169 172-173 175 177 183 186 Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 5: Shaping Earth Macmillan 3
Alaska Science for Explore Activities: What shapes can the land take? 203 Quick Lab: Drain Away 207 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Experiment 210-211 Explore Activities: How can Earth s crust change shape? 213 Quick Lab: Hearing Clues 219 Explore Activities: How can rain shape the land? 225 Quick Lab: Scratch, Scratch 231 Explore Activities: How does steepness of slope affect the movement of 237 Earth s materials? Quick Lab: Storms at the Beach 241 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: What happens to the environment when a river floods? 244-245 Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources Explore Activities: What makes rocks different from each other? Quick Lab: Observing Igneous Rocks Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Communicate Explore Activities: What is soil made of? Quick Lab: Rate of Flow Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do different soil types hold minerals when it rains? Explore Activities: What can you learn from footprints? Quick Lab: Older and Younger Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do scientists learn about dinosaurs? Explore Activities: Does water flow faster through soil or gravel? Quick Lab: Fresh Water in Plants Explore Activities: How can you clean an oil spill? Quick Lab: Conservation Plan 251 255 260-261 263 267 270-271 273 277 282-283 285 289 295 299 Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 7: Weather and Climate Macmillan 4
Alaska Science for Explore Activities: How does the wind move? 313 Quick Lab: Humidity in a Cup 317 Explore Activities: How does water change from a liquid to a gas? 323 Quick Lab: Cloud in a Jar 328 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Make a Model 332-333 Explore Activities: How do raindrops form? 335 Quick Lab: Weather Forecast 339 Explore Activities: What affects weather patterns? 345 Quick Lab: Climate in Two Cities 349 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How does warmed air affect the weather? 352-353 Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Explore Activities: What causes day and night? Quick Lab: Sun and Seasons Explore Activities: What affects the size of craters on the Moon? Quick Lab: Moon and Earth Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Interpret Data Explore Activities: How do sizes of objects in the solar system compare? Quick Lab: Model the Solar System Explore Activities: Why do some stars seem brighter than others? Quick Lab: Modeling Constellations Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Why do some distant stars appear close together? 359 363 369 373 376-377 379 384 393 397 400-401 Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Chapter 9: Properties of Matter Explore Activities: How can you tell if something is a solid or a liquid? Quick Lab: States of Matter Explore Activities: How can you compare matter? Quick Lab: Comparing Densities Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Measure Macmillan 411 415 421 425 428-429 5
Alaska Science for Explore Activities: How can you identify a metal? 431 Quick Lab: Properties of an Element 435 Chapter 10: Matter and Its Changes Explore Activities: Can you change the properties of a solid? Quick Lab: Heat and Evaporation Explore Activities: How do solids and water mix? Quick Lab: Separating a Mixture Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Use Variables Explore Activities: How does iron react with air and moisture? Quick Lab: Acids and Bases Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How can you change a chemical reaction? 445 449 457 461 464-465 467 470 472-473 Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 11: Forces Explore Activities: How fast does it move? Quick Lab: Inertia and Friction Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Use Numbers Explore Activities: How do forces change motion? Quick Lab: Friction and Motion Explore Activities: How are position and force related? Quick Lab: The Energy of a Pendulum Explore Activities: How do pulleys reduce force? Quick Lab: Comparing Levers Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do ramps help move objects? 483 487 490-491 493 498 503 507 513 515 522-523 Chapter 12: Energy Explore Activities: What keeps mammals warm in places with little heat? Quick Lab: Temperature and Air Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Infer Explore Activities: How can strings make music? Macmillan 529 533 536-537 539 6
Alaska Science for Quick Lab: Pitch and Water 544 Explore Activities: What makes white light? 551 Quick Lab: Angle of Reflection 557 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: What happens to light when it is reflected? 560-561 Explore Activities: How do rubbed balloons interact? 563 Quick Lab: Make a Parallel Circuit 569 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Does the number of times a balloon is 572-573 rubbed affect its charge? Explore Activities: How do magnets interact? 575 Quick Lab: Make an Electromagnet 580 [4] SA1.2 observing, measuring and collecting data from explorations and using this information to classify, predict, and communicate. Observe Be a Scientist/Focus on Skills Explore Activities Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill Quick Labs Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation Measure Be a Scientist/Focus on Skills Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation Quick Labs Explore Activities Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill Macmillan 12, 21, 30-31, 33, 39, 45, 53, 56, 59, 77, 80, 89, 99, 106, 109, 129, 143, 151, 169, 175, 203, 207, 219, 225, 231, 237, 244, 251, 255, 263, 283, 295, 299, 313, 317, 328, 335, 352, 359, 397, 400, 411, 415, 421, 431, 435, 457, 461, 467, 473, 493, 507, 513, 533, 539, 544, 551, 560, 563, 569, 575 13, 56-57, 64, 93, 129, 143, 149, 175, 177, 186, 270-271, 282-283, 285, 289, 369, 379, 393, 400-401, 421, 425, 428-429, 7
Alaska Science for 445, 457, 470, 498, 503, 513, 522-523 Collecting Data Be a Scientist: How do scientists test their hypothesis? Classify Be a Scientist/Focus on Skills Explore Activities Quick Labs Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill Predict Be a Scientist/Focus on Skills Explore Activities Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill Quick Labs Communicate Be a Scientist/Focus on Skills Explore Activities Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation Quick Labs Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill The student will demonstrate an understanding of the attitudes and approaches to scientific inquiry by: [4] SA2.1 supporting their ideas with observations and Be a Scientist peer review. (L) Focus on Skills Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life Macmillan 7 12, 33, 39, 86-87, 129, 203, 323, 345, 379, 431, 539 13, 33, 109, 134-135, 165, 237, 255, 335, 339, 345, 425, 449, 487, 533, 551, 557, 580 12, 21, 45, 57, 77, 129, 151, 203, 225, 244, 251, 260-261, 273, 277, 295, 299, 323, 339, 349, 353, 359, 379, 421, 457, 467, 472, 523, 539, 561, 563, 573, 575 12 8
Alaska Science for Explore Activities: What are living things made of? 21 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Observe 30-31 Explore Activities: How are organisms classified? 33 Quick Lab: Observe a One-Celled Organism 39 Explore Activities: How are leaves different from each other? 45 Quick Lab: How Do Mosses Get Water? 53 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do root hairs affect the amount of 56 water a plant can absorb? Explore Activities: Does a seed need water to grow? 59 Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom Explore Activities: What makes an earthworm an animal? Quick Lab: How Jellyfish Move Explore Activities: What does a backbone do? Explore Activities: How does an earthworm respond to light? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do feet help birds move in water? Explore Activities: How does a caterpillar change as it grows? Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Explore Activities: What can you find in an environment? Quick Lab: Biome Soils Quick Lab: Observe a Decomposer Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Quick Lab: Mimicry Model Explore Activities: How do plants respond to their environment? Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 5: Shaping Earth Explore Activities: What shapes can the land take? Macmillan 77 80 89 99 106 109 129 143 151 169 175 203 9
Alaska Science for Quick Lab: Drain Away 207 Quick Lab: Hearing Clues 219 Explore Activities: How can rain shape the land? 225 Quick Lab: Scratch, Scratch 231 Explore Activities: How does steepness of slope affect the movement of 237 Earth s materials? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: What happens to the environment when a river floods? 244 Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources Explore Activities: What makes rocks different from each other? Quick Lab: Observing Igneous Rocks Explore Activities: What is soil made of? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do scientists learn about dinosaurs? Explore Activities: How can you clean an oil spill? Quick Lab: Conservation Plan Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 7: Weather and Climate Explore Activities: How does the wind move? Quick Lab: Humidity in a Cup Quick Lab: Cloud in a Jar Explore Activities: How do raindrops form? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How does warmed air affect the weather? Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Explore Activities: What causes day and night? Quick Lab: Modeling Constellations Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Why do some distant stars appear close together? 251 255 263 283 295 299 313 317 328 335 352 359 397 400 Macmillan 10
Alaska Science for Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Chapter 9: Properties of Matter 411 Explore Activities: How can you tell if something is a solid or a liquid? 415 Quick Lab: States of Matter 421 Explore Activities: How can you compare matter? 431 Explore Activities: How can you identify a metal? 435 Quick Lab: Properties of an Element Chapter 10: Matter and Its Changes Explore Activities: How do solids and water mix? Quick Lab: Separating a Mixture Explore Activities: How does iron react with air and moisture? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How can you change a chemical reaction? Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 11: Forces Explore Activities: How do forces change motion? Quick Lab: The Energy of a Pendulum Explore Activities: How do pulleys reduce force? Chapter 12: Energy Quick Lab: Temperature and Air Explore Activities: How can strings make music? Quick Lab: Pitch and Water Explore Activities: What makes white light? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: What happens to light when it is reflected? Explore Activities: How do rubbed balloons interact? Quick Lab: Make a Parallel Circuit Explore Activities: How do magnets interact? 457 461 467 473 493 507 513 533 539 544 551 560 563 569 575 Macmillan 11
Alaska Science for The student demonstrates an understanding that interactions with the environment provide an opportunity for understanding scientific concepts by: [4] SA3.1 identifying the local limiting factors (e.g., weather, human influence, species interactions) that determine which plants and/or animals survive. (L) Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Lesson 3: Relationships in Ecosystems, Look and Wonder Explore Activities: How much energy do living things use? How do organisms depend on one another? What is a food chain? What is a food web? What is an energy pyramid? Lesson Review 148 149 150, 151 152, 153 154, 155 156 157 Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Lesson 1: What are adaptations? How else do animals survive?, Homework Activity Lesson Review Lesson 2: Plants and Their Surroundings, Look and Wonder Alternative Explore: How do plant adaptations differ according to environment? How do plants respond to their environment? Homework Activity: Find and Label Plant Adaptations Lesson Review Writing in Science: Write About It Lesson 3: Changes in Ecosystems Alternative Explore: How do environmental changes affect a food chain in an ecosystem? What causes an ecosystem to change? Differentiated Instruction How do people change ecosystems? What happens when ecosystems change? Differentiated Instruction Lesson Review 166, 167 170 171 174 175 176, 177 178 179 180 182 183 184 185 186, 187 188 189 191 Macmillan 12
Alaska Science for Science Performance Standards () B1 Concepts of Physical Science SB Students develop an understanding of the concepts, models, theories, universal principles, and facts that explain the physical world. SB1 Students develop an understanding of the characteristic properties of matter and the relationship of these properties to their structure and behavior. SB2 Students develop an understanding that energy appears in different forms, can be transformed from one form to another, can be transferred or moved from one place or system to another, may be unavailable for use, and is ultimately conserved. SB3 Students develop an understanding of the interactions between matter and energy, including physical, chemical, and nuclear changes, and the effects of these interactions on physical systems. SB4 Students develop an understanding of motions, forces, their characteristics and relationships, and natural forces and their effects. The student demonstrates an understanding of the structure and properties of matter by: [4] SB1.1 identifying and comparing the characteristics of gases, liquids, and solids. Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Chapter 9: Properties of Matter Lesson 1: Describing Matter, Look and Wonder, Warm Up Explore Activities: How can you tell if something is a solid or a liquid? Read and Learn: Reading Skill Compare and Contrast Differentiated Instruction What are the states of matter? Lesson Review, Formative Assessment 410 411 412 413 414, 415 417 The student demonstrates an understanding of how energy can be transformed, transferred, and conserved by: [4] SB2.1 investigating the effectiveness of different Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy insulating and conducting materials with respect to heat Chapter 12: Energy flow and record the results. (L) Insulators and Conductors, Quick Lab: Temperature and Air Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Infer How do charges move? 533 536 566 The student demonstrates an understanding of the interactions between matter and energy and the effects of these interactions on systems by: [4] SB3.1 explaining that temperature changes cause Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space changes in phases of substances (e.g., ice changing to Chapter 7: Weather and Climate liquid water and liquid water to water vapor). Explore Activities: How does water change from a liquid to a gas? 323 Why does water change state? 324-325 Macmillan 13
Alaska Science for Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Chapter 10: Matter and Its Changes What are physical changes? How does matter change state? Differentiated Instruction, Quick Lab 446 448 449 Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 12: Energy Changing Temperature How does heat travel? Quick Lab: Temperature and Air How does heat change matter? The student demonstrates an understanding of motions, forces, their characteristics, relationships, and effects by: [4] SB4.1 simulating that changes in speed or direction Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy of motion are caused by forces. (L) Chapter 11: Forces How do forces change motion? Explore Activities: How do forces change motion? How do forces affect motion? How do forces affect acceleration? 531 532 533 534 486-487 493 494-495 496-497 Science Performance Standards () C1 Concepts of Life Science SC Students develop an understanding of the concepts, models, theories, facts, evidence, systems, and processes of life science. SC1 Students develop an understanding of how science explains changes in life forms over time, including genetics, heredity, the process of natural selection, and biological evolution. SC2 Students develop an understanding of the structure, function, behavior, development, life cycles, and diversity of living organisms. SC3 Students develop an understanding that all organisms are linked to each other and their physical environments through the transfer and transformation of matter and energy. The student demonstrates an understanding of how science explains changes in life forms over time, including genetics, heredity, the process of natural selection and biological evolution by: Macmillan 14
[4] SC1.1 showing the relationship between physical characteristics of Alaskan organisms and the environment in which they live. Alaska Science for Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Lesson 1: What are adaptations? 166, 167 How else do animals survive?, Homework Activity 170 Lesson Review 171 Lesson 2: Plants and Their Surroundings, Look and Wonder 174 Alternative Explore: How do plant adaptations differ according to environment? 175 How do plants respond to their environment? 176, 177 Homework Activity: Find and Label Plant Adaptations 178 Lesson Review 179 Writing in Science: Write About It 180 [4] SC1.2 describing fossil evidence (e.g., casts, track ways, imprints, etc.) of extinct organisms. Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources Relative Age, Differentiated Instruction What are fossils? How do we study fossils? Finding Evidence, Quick Lab, Differentiated Instruction Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do scientists learn about dinosaurs? 255 274-275 276 277 282-283 Science Yellow Pages Earth Science - Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources TR51 The student demonstrates an understanding of the structure, function, behavior, development, life cycles, and diversity of living organisms by: [4] SC2.1 choosing appropriate tools (i.e., hand lens, microscopes, ruler, balance) to examine the basic structural components (e.g., stems, leaves, fish scales, wings) of living things. Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life Quick Lab: What are living things made of?, Hand Lens Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Observe, Stopwatch/Clock Explore Activities: How are organisms classified?, Make a Data Table Quick Lab: Observe a One-Celled Organism, Microscope Explore Activities: How are leaves different from each other?, Hand Lens Macmillan 21 30-31 33 39 45 15
Alaska Science for Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do root hairs affect the amount of 56-57 water a plant can absorb?, Microscope Quick Lab: Make a Seed Model, Yardstick/Tape Measure 64 Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom Quick Lab: How Birds Fly, Ruler Explore Activities: How does an earthworm respond to light?, Hand Lens, Flashlight Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do feet help birds move in water?, Record Observations Explore Activities: How does a caterpillar change as it grows?, Record changes in a table Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Explore Activities: What can you find in an environment?, Hand Lens Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Predict Explore Activities: How much sunlight reaches a forest floor?, Lamp Quick Lab: Observe, Stopwatch Explore Activities: How much energy do living things use?, Meter Stick Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Form a Hypothesis, Stopwatch Explore Activities: How do plants respond to their environment?, Ruler Quick Lab: Drying Time, Lamp Quick Lab: Holding Soil Together, Stopwatch Science Handbook: Tools of Science, Use a Microscope, Use a Hand Lens 93 99 106-107 109 129 134-135 137 143 149 172-173 175 177 186 R7 [4] SC2.2 describing the basic characteristics and requirements of living things. Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life What are living things? 22-23 Macmillan 16
Alaska Science for Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom How do air and blood travel in the body? 102 Unit B: Life Science Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Lesson 3: Relationships in Ecosystems Explore Activities: How much energy do living things use? 148 149 The student demonstrates an understanding that all organisms are linked to each other and their physical environments through the transfer and transformation of matter and energy by: [4] SC3.1 identifying examples of living and non-living things and the relationship between them (e.g., living things need water, herbivores need plants). Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life What are living things?, Science Background, Differentiated Instruction How can you see cells? Chapter 1 Review: Skills and Concepts, Performance Assessment 22-23 28 73 [4] SC3.2 Identifying a simple food chain, diagramming how energy flows through it, and describing the effects of removing one link. Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems What is a food chain?, Differentiated Instruction What is a food web?, Differentiated Instruction, ELL Support What is an energy pyramid? Lesson Review Math in Science: How Many Monarchs? 152-153 154-155 156 157 159 Science Performance Standards () D1 Concepts of Earth Science SD Students develop an understanding of the concepts, processes, theories, models, evidence, and systems of earth and space sciences. SD1 Students develop an understanding of Earth s geochemical cycles. SD2 Students develop an understanding of the origins, ongoing processes, and forces that shape the structure, composition, and physical history of the Earth. SD3 Students develop an understanding of the cyclical changes controlled by energy from the sun and by Earth s position and motion in our solar system. SD4 Students develop an understanding of the theories regarding the evolution of the universe. Macmillan 17
The student demonstrates an understanding of geochemical cycles by: [4] SD1.1 describing that most smaller rocks come from Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources the breaking and weathering of larger rocks as part of Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources the rock cycle. Alternative Explore: Can rocks form from other rocks? What are metamorphic rocks? The Rock Cycle Lesson Review Alaska Science for 251 256 257 259 [4] SD1.2 recognizing the physical properties of water as they relate to the rock cycle. Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 5: Shaping Earth What is weathering? What is erosion? 226-227 228-229 Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources What are metamorphic rocks? The Rock Cycle 256 257 The student demonstrates an understanding of the forces that shape Earth by: [4] SD2.1 observing models of how waves, wind, water, Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources and ice shape and reshape the Earth s surface by Chapter 5: Shaping Earth eroding rock and soil. (L) What is weathering? What is erosion? How do glaciers shape the land? How do floods and fires change the land? Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources The Rock Cycle Factors That Affect Soils, Quick Lab: Rate of Flow, Differentiated Instruction How can we protect the soil and water? 226-227 228-229 230-231 238 256-257 267 298 Macmillan 18
[4] SD2.2 identifying causes (i.e., earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, floods, landslides, and avalanches) of rapid changes on the surface. Alaska Science for Be a Scientist Explore Activities: What do you know about volcanoes? What do scientists do? Science Background: Volcanic Rocks 3 4-5 10 Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems What causes an ecosystem to change? Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 5: Shaping Earth What does Earth s land look like?, Science Background: Forces Shaping Earth Beyond the Continent How does Earth s crust move? What causes earthquakes? How do scientists study earthquakes? What is a volcano? Explore Activities: How does steepness of slope affect the movement of Earth s materials How do floods and fires change the land? How do storms change the land? How do landslides change the land? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: What happens to the environment when a river floods? 184 204 207 214-215 216-217 218-219 220 237 238 240 242 244-245 The student demonstrates an understanding of cycles influenced by energy from the sun and by Earth s position and motion in our solar system by: [4] SD3.1 recognizing changes to length of daylight over time and its relationship to seasons. Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Alternative Explore: Why does the amount of daylight change? Science Background: What is a solar day? What causes seasons? Macmillan 359 360 362 19
[4] SD3.2 observing that heat flows from one object to another. (L) Alaska Science for The Four Seasons, Quick Lab: Sun and Seasons 363 How does the Sun s apparent path change over the seasons? 364 Lesson Review, Formative Assessment 365 Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 12: Energy How does heat travel?, Differentiated Instruction, Quick Lab 532-533 The student demonstrates an understanding of the theories regarding the origin and evolution of the universe by: [4] SD4.1 recognizing that stars are like the sun but are Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space so far away that they look like points of light. Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Explore Activities: Why do some stars seem brighter than others? What are stars? Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Why do some distant stars appear close together? 393 394, 395 400-401 [4] SD4.2 recognizing that objects have properties, locations, and movements that can be observed and described. Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Lesson 1: Earth and Sun Explore Activities: What causes day and night? What causes day and night?, Science Background, Differentiated Instruction What causes seasons? Quick Lab: Sun and Seasons How does the Sun s apparent path change over the seasons? Lesson Review 358 359 360, 361 362 363 364 365 Lesson 2: Earth and Moon Explore Activities: What affects the size of craters on the Moon? What is the Moon like? Phases of the Moon, Differentiated Instruction What are the phases of the Moon? Macmillan 368 369 370, 371 372 373 20
Alaska Science for What is an eclipse? 374 Lesson Review, Formative Assessment 375 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Interpret Data 376, 377 [4] SD4.3 recognizing and using appropriate instruments of magnification (e.g., binoculars and telescopes). Lesson 3: The Solar System Explore Activities: How do sizes of objects in the solar system compare? What is the solar system?, Differentiated Instruction How do we learn about the solar system? What are the rocky planets? What are the other planets?, Differentiated Instruction What else is in our solar system?, Homework Activity Lesson Review, Formative Assessment Lesson 4: Stars and Constellations Explore Activities: Why do some stars seem brighter than others? What are stars?, Science Background, Differentiated Instruction What are constellations?, Differentiated Instruction What is the Sun like?, Homework Activity Lesson Review, Formative Assessment Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Why do some distant stars appear close together? Chapter 8 Review Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond How do we learn about the solar system?, Telescopes Differentiated Instruction Reading in Science: To The Moon! Lesson 4: Stars and Constellations, Look and Wonder 378 379 380, 381 382, 383 384, 385 386, 387 388 389 392 393 394, 395 396, 397 398 399 400-401 402-403 382 383 390-391 392 Macmillan 21
Alaska Science for Science Performance Standards () Grades 3-5 E1 Science and Technology SE Students develop an understanding of the relationships among science, technology, and society. SE1 Students develop an understanding of how scientific knowledge and technology are used in making decisions about issues, innovations, and responses to problems and everyday events. SE2 Students develop an understanding that solving problems involves different ways of thinking, perspectives, and curiosity that lead to the exploration of multiple paths that are analyzed using scientific, technological, and social merits. SE3 Students develop an understanding of how scientific discoveries and technological innovations affect and are affected by our lives and cultures. The student demonstrates an understanding of how to integrate scientific knowledge and technology to address problems by: [4] SE1.1 recognizing that tools (e.g., spear, hammer, hand lens, kayak, computer) and processes (e.g., drying fish, sewing, photography) are an important part of human cultures. Science Handbook Tools of Science: Microscope, Hand Lens, Calculator, Camera Computers The student demonstrates an understanding that solving problems involves different ways of thinking, perspectives, and curiosity by: [4] SE2.1 identifying the function of a variety of tools (e.g., spear, hammer, hand lens, kayak, computer). Science Handbook Tools of Science: Microscope, Hand Lens, Calculator, Camera Computers R7, R8 R9 R7, R8 R9 [4] SE2.2 identifying multiple explanations (e.g., oral traditions, folklore, scientific theory) of everyday events (e.g., weather, seasonal changes). Opportunities to address: Be a Scientist The Scientific Method Explore: What do you know about volcanoes? What do scientists do? How do scientists test their hypothesis? How do scientists analyze data? How do scientists draw conclusions? Focus on Skills 2 3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10-11 12-13 Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 7: Weather and Climate Macmillan 22
Alaska Science for Lesson 3: Tracking the Weather 334 Explore Activities: How do raindrops form? 335 What are air masses and fronts? 336, 337 What does a weather map show?, Differentiated Instruction 338, 339 What are the signs of severe weather? 340 Lesson Review, Formative Assessment 341 Reading in Science: Hurricane Season 342-343 Lesson 4: Climate, Look and Wonder 344 Explore Activities: What affects weather patterns? 345 What is climate?, Differentiated Instruction 346, 347 What determines climate? 348, 349 How do mountains affect climate? 350 Lesson Review, Formative Assessment 351 Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How does warmed air affect the weather? 352-353 Chapter 7 Review 354-355 Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond How do we learn about the solar system?, Differentiated Instruction Differentiated Instruction Skills and Concepts: 12. Fictional Narrative, Performance Assessment: Star Research 382, 383 396 403 The student demonstrates an understanding of how scientific discoveries and technological innovations affect our lives and society by: [4] SE3.1 listing the positive and negative effects of a Unit A: Life Science - Living Things scientific discovery. Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life Reading in Science: Red Tide: A Bad Bloom at the Beach 42-43 Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom Science Background: Dolly the Sheep 114 Macmillan 23
Alaska Science for Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources What are fossil fuels?, Science Background: Formation of Oil and Natural Gas 278, 279 What can we use instead of fossil fuels? 280 How is fresh water supplied? 288, 289 How do we use water? 290 Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 7: Weather and Climate Reading in Science: Hurricane Season Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Reading in Science: To The Moon! Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Careers in Science: Pharmacy Technician/Pharmaceutical Researcher Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 11: Forces Reading in Science: Hybrid Power 342-343 390-391 476 510-511 Science Performance Standards () Grades 3-5 F1 Cultural, Social, Personal Perspectives, and Science SF Students develop an understanding of the dynamic relationships among scientific, cultural, social, and personal perspectives. SF1 Students develop an understanding of the interrelationships among individuals, cultures, societies, science, and technology. SF2 Students develop an understanding that some individuals, cultures, and societies use other beliefs and methods in addition to scientific methods to describe and understand the world. SF3 Students develop an understanding of the importance of recording and validating cultural knowledge. The student demonstrates an understanding of the dynamic relationships among scientific, cultural, social, and personal perspectives by: Macmillan 24
[4] SF1.1-SF3.1 connecting observations of nature to a local or traditional story that explains a natural event (e.g., animal adaptation, weather, rapid changes to Earth s surface). (L) Cross referenced with SA3.1, grades 3 and 6, 4. Alaska Science for Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Differentiated Instruction: Enrichment 17 Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Science Leveled Reader: Constellations 357 Science Performance Standards () G1 History and Nature of Science SG Students develop an understanding of the history and nature of science. SG1 Students develop an understanding that historical perspectives of scientific explanations demonstrate that scientific knowledge changes over time, building on prior knowledge. SG2 Students develop an understanding that the advancement of scientific knowledge embraces innovation and requires empirical evidence, repeatable investigations, logical arguments, and critical review in striving for the best possible explanations of the natural world. SG3 Students develop an understanding that scientific knowledge is ongoing and subject to change as new evidence becomes available through experimental and/or observational confirmation(s). SG4 Students develop an understanding that advancements in science depend on curiosity, creativity, imagination, and a broad knowledge base. The student demonstrates an understanding of the bases of the advancement of scientific knowledge by: [4] SG2.1 recognizing the need for repeated measurements. Be a Scientist Focus on Skills: Measure, Integrate Math: Measure the Distance 13 Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Chapter 1: Kingdoms of Life Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Measure, Integrate Math: Comparing Measurements Quick Lab: Make a Seed Model, Measure Chapter 2: The Animal Kingdom Quick Lab: How Birds Fly, Measure 56-57 64 93 Macmillan 25
Alaska Science for Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Chapter 3: Exploring Ecosystems Explore: What can you find in an environment?, Measure 129 Quick Lab: Biome Soils, Measure 143 Explore: How much energy do living things use?, Measure 149 Chapter 4: Surviving in Ecosystems Explore: How do plants respond to their environment?, Measure Quick Lab: Drying Time, Measure Quick Lab: Holding Soil Together, Measure 175 177 186 Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Chapter 6: Saving Earth s Resources Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do different soil types hold minerals when it rains?, Measure Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do scientists learn about dinosaurs?, Measure, Integrate Math: Comparing Measurements Explore: Does water flow faster through soil or gravel?, Measure Quick Lab: Fresh Water in Plants, Measure Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Chapter 8: The Solar System and Beyond Explore: What affects the size of crater on the Moon?, Measure Explore: How do sizes of objects in the solar system compare?, Measure Explore: Why do some stars seem brighter than others?, Measure Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: Why do some distant stars appear close together?, Measure 270-271 282-283 285 289 369 379 393 400-401 Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Chapter 9: Properties of Matter Explore: How can you compare matter?, Measure Macmillan 421 26
Alaska Science for Quick Lab: Comparing Densities, Measure 425 Focus on Skills/Inquiry Skill: Measure 428-429 Chapter 10: Matter and Its Changes Explore: Can you change the properties of a solid?, Measure Explore: How do solids and water mix?, Measure Quick Lab: Acids and Bases, Measure Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Chapter 11: Forces Quick Lab: Friction and Motion, Measure Explore: How are position and force related?, Measure Explore: How do pulleys reduce force?, Measure Be a Scientist/Inquiry Investigation: How do ramps help move objects?, Measure Science Handbook: Measurements 445 457 470 498 503 513 522-523 R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 The student will demonstrate an understanding that advancements in science depend on curiosity, creativity, imagination, and a broad knowledge base by: [4] SG4.1 using an account of a discovery to recognize that an individual s (e.g., George Washington Carver, Marie Curie) curiosity led to advancements in science. Unit A: Life Science - Living Things Science Leveled Reader: Scientists and Cells Reading in Science: Meet Christopher Raxworthy Careers in Science: Zoologist/Bird Handler 19 118-119 122 Unit B: Life Science - Ecosystems Careers in Science: Nature Photographer/Forester 196 Unit C: Earth Science - Earth and Its Resources Reading in Science: Meet Ro Kinzler Careers in Science: Survey Technician/Geologist Macmillan 222-223 306 27
Alaska Science for Unit D: Earth Science - Weather and Space Careers in Science: Planetarium Technician/Air Traffic Controller 404 Unit E: Physical Science - Matter Reading in Science: Meet Sisir Mondal Careers in Science: Pharmacy Technician/Pharmaceutical Researcher Unit F: Physical Science - Forces and Energy Science Leveled Reader: Thomas Edison Careers in Science: Electrician/Electrical Engineer 438-439 476 527 590 Macmillan 28