Co-Biders TEG AddBod TEG VariPlus
TEG AddBod Polyester resis as co-biders Adhesio is a key topic i coatigs systems. The demads made o adhesiopromotig products are highly sophisticated. Besides excellet compatibility with other formulatio compoets, such resis must be able to optimize adhesio o all types of substrates. TEG Add- Bod products provide formulators with a rage of polyester resis which improve adhesio of solvetbore, waterbore ad eergy-curable coatigs ad pritig iks regardless of the way they dry or cure. The resis ca be used i physically dryig, oxidatively dryig, heat-curig ad eergy-curable systems. (2 1) H 2 H R 1 H + H R 2 H H R 1 R 2 H Figure 1: Geeral reactio (schematic) for the maufacture of TEG AddBod resis H R 1 R 2 H C - NR 4 + Figure 2: Structure of a aqueous dispersio of a TEG AddBod resi How are polyester resis maufactured? TEG AddBod resis are polyester resis with a special structure. They are maufactured by the polycodesatio of special-purpose carboxylic acids ad polyols (fig. 1). Aqueous secodary dispersios are obtaied by eutralizig car- boxyl groups with amies (fig. 2). Such solvet-free dispersios have a good storage life. The TEG AddBod resis are resistat to hydrolysis. They always cotai free carboxyl ad hydroxyl groups. Their hydrophilic ad hydrophobic characteristics are desiged to make a maximum cotributio to improvig adhesio ad ehacig corrosio protectio. Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders page 109
Some properties of TEG AddBod products Product Supply form Viscosity (23 C, cps) Softeig temperature ( C) Acid value (mg KH/g) Hydroxyl value (mg KH/g) TEG AddBod LTH solid 600 1500 1 90 102 12 20 ~ 25 2 TEG AddBod LTW 60% i xylee 350 650 soft resi 20 30 ~ 30 2 TEG AddBod LTW-B 60% i -butyl acetate 350 650 soft resi 20 30 ~ 30 2 TEG AddBod 2220 ND 60% i SLVESS 150 1500 2700 soft resi 18 22 ~ 30 2 TEG VariPlus 3350 UV 50% i TPGDA ~ 8000 ~ 60 ~ 18 ~ 16 2 TEG AddBod 1270 70% i sec-butaol 4000 9000 soft resi 56 65 ot determied TEG AddBod DS 1300 45% i water ~ 150 ~ 55 ~ 60 2 TEG AddBod HS 75% i -butyl acetate 1500-2500 soft resi 20-30 ~ 100 2 1 60% i xylee 2 solid resi What do polyester resis achieve? With the exceptio of TEG AddBod LTH, which is a solid resi, all other products i the TEG AddBod rage are supplied as solutios (table 1). Sice TEG VariPlus 3350 UV is also a polyester resi, it is listed here. This resi is dissolved i tripropyleeglycol diacrylate, a UV-reactive solvet. TEG AddBod DS 1300 is a aqueous secodary dispersio which does ot cotai ay orgaic solvets. All other products are dissolved i a orgaic solvet. TEG AddBod resis cotribute to improved adhesio o umerous substrates. They are effective o metals, mierals ad various plastics ad are thus ofte used i primers or oe-coat fiishes. They also improve itercoat adhesio so they are highly recommeded for use i multicoat fiishes. I effect-fiishes, they improve cohesio withi the film. The adhesio promotig properties of TEG AddBod products, complemeted by excellet resistace to hydrolysis, sigificatly improve the ati-corrosio performace of coatigs. TEG AddBod resis help to ehace gloss, flexibility ad hardess. Figure 3: Use of TEG AddBod LTW i coil coatigs page 110 Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders
Areas of applicatio of TEG AddBod resis HS LTH LTW/ LTW-B 2220 ND 1270 DS 1300 VariPlus 3350 UV Ca Coatig + + + Coil Coatig + + + Automotive EM fiishes + o + + Cotaier lacquers + o + o o Floor coatigs + Metal fiishes + + + + + + Ca coatig lacquers + + + + o + Fiishes for plastics + + + + + + + (UV) Ati-corrosio paits + + + + + Primers (air-dryig) + + Primers (bakig systems) + o + + o + Pritig iks + + (UV) Road markig paits + + + + Waterbore coatigs + + Hot embossig foils + + UV coatigs + o + + recommeded use o possible use limited use TEG AddBod resis are used as cobiders i umerous paits ad lacquers such as ca coatigs ad coil coatigs, automotive EM or refiish coatigs, idustrial coatigs, ati-corrosio paits, road markig paits, pritig iks, adhesives, hot embossig foils ad UV coatigs. Figs. 3 to 7 show typical examples of applicatios. TEG AddBod LTW ad LTW-B improve adhesio of ca coatigs ad coil coatigs (fig. 3). These resis exhibit a flexibilizig effect ad ehace the coatig s processig properties. A additioal importat area of applicatio is automotive EM or refiish coatigs. TEG AddBod LTW ad LTW-B are widely used i solvetbore fiishes. TEG AddBod 1270 is used i brake disc lacquers. TEG AddBod DS 1300 is used, for example, to improve the adhesio of waterbore paits o plastic feders (fig. 4). TEG AddBod products are also used i ati-corrosio paits, TEG AddBod LTH ad LTW i solvetbore coatigs, ad TEG AddBod DS 1300 i waterbore coatigs (fig. 5). Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders page 111
Figure 4: Use of TEG AddBod DS 1300 i automotive fiishes Figure 5: Use of TEG AddBod LTH i ati-corrosio paits TEG AddBod products improve adhesio i umerous paits ad lacquers for plastics substrates such as polyamide, polyviylchloride, polycarboate, ABS, ABS/polycarboate, Noryl or HIPS. The TEG AddBod products LTH, LTW, LTW-B, ad 1270 are recommeded for solvetbore fiishes, DS 1300 ad 1270 for waterbore fiishes ad TEG Add- Bod LTH ad TEG VariPlus 3350 UV for eergy-curable coatigs. The flexible TEG AddBod LTW esures good substrate wettig, improved adhesio ad excellet cohesio of effect pigmet fiishes (fig. 6). Because of its high compatibility with acrylic resis ad reactive thiers, TEG VariPlus 3350 UV is recommeded for use i eergy-curable coatigs, pritig iks ad adhesives (fig. 7). TEG AddBod LTH is also used i some UV formulatios. Both resis ehace ot oly adhesio but also reduce volume shrikage durig curig. Figure 6: Use of TEG AddBod LTW i plastic coatigs Figure 7: Use of TEG VariPlus 3350 UV i UV pritig iks page 112 Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders
TEG VariPlus Ketoe-aldehyde resis ad special resis derived from them Numerous coatigs ad pritig iks are available commercially. Physically-dryig coatigs, air-dryig paits, stovig eamels ad eergy-curable systems are used i diverse fields ad applied to very differet substrates. TEG VariPlus resis are frequetly used to ehace the property profile of such systems. These osapoifiable, eutral, hard resis have a low molecular weight, low iheret color ad exhibit good light ad heat resistace. Their outstadig compatibility with the most importat mai biders ad their good solubility i the solvets commoly used i these systems make them highly versatile. How are ketoe-aldehyde resis ad the special resis derived from them maufactured? Ketoe-aldehyde resis are maufactured by a aldol codesatio of a ketoe with a aldehyde. The resultig chemical structures ad their properties deped substatially o the ketoe used. If acetopheoe or trimethylcyclohexaoe are used, resis with exclusively keto groups are obtaied (fig. 1). It is possible to maufacture ketoe resis cotaiig hydroxyl groups by usig suitable reactio coditios ad cyclohexaoe. H Figure 1: Typical structures of TEG VariPlus resis based o ketoe-aldehyde chemistry TEG VariPlus AP TEG VariPlus TC TEG VariPlus CA Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders page 113
H N R N TEG VariPlus SK H H TEG VariPlus 1201 TF Figure 2: Typical structures of TEG VariPlus resis based o modified ketoe-aldehyde resis Aother possibility for obtaiig alcohol groups is by hydrogeatig the keto group. I this way, the ketoe-aldehyde resi TEG VariPlus AP is made ito the polyol resi TEG VariPlus SK (fig. 2). The polyurethae-polyol resi TEG VariPlus 1201 TF is maufactured by reactig the hydroxyl groups of TEG VariPlus SK with a special light-resistat polyisocyaate usig a orgaoti-free catalyst. Resis for waterbore applicatios ca be maufactured by various meas. Waterisoluble resis, for example, are redered water-dispersible by eutralizatio of the carboxyl groups. These polyurethae-polyol dispersios are resistat to hydrolysis (fig. 3). Aother method esures water-compatibility by icorporatig polyether chais. This eables TEG VariPlus UC to be used to maufacture a water-soluble polyetherketoe resi which is also soluble i orgaic solvets. How do ketoe-aldehyde resis ad special resis derived from them perform? As a result of their chemical structure ad the productio process, the ketoe-aldehyde resis are very light i color ad trasparet compared with atural resis. The iheret color ad resistace to light ad heat of the special resis obtaied by chemical modificatio of the ketoe-aldehyde resis are also substatially improved. The solubility of TEG Vari Plus resis i orgaic solvets is very good. The polarity determies the solubility i very polar (alcohols) or very o-polar (aromaticfree white spirit) solvets. With oe exceptio, all TEG VariPlus resis are hard solids. The glass trasitio temperature rages from - 47 C to + 130 C. While most resis are supplied as solids, TEG VariPlus 1201 TF is supplied i a orgaic solvet. As a aqueous secodary dispersio with excellet stability, TEG VariPlus DS 50 is free from orgaic solvets. TEG VariPlus UC is the oly solvet-free, liquid resi with a low glass trasitio temperature of - 47 C. PIC PIC C - NR 4 + TEG VariPlus DS 50 Figure 3: Structure of the water-dispersible TEG VariPlus DS 50 page 114 Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders
Physical properties of TEG VariPlus resis Product Supply form Color value Garder Softeig temp./ Meltig temp. ( C) Tg ( C) H-value (mg KH/g) TEG VariPlus AP solid 3 ~ 75 2 ~ 50 ~ 5 TEG VariPlus TC solid 3 ~ 65 2 ~ 40 ~ 10 TEG VariPlus CA solid 2 ~ 102 1 ~ 75 ~ 200 TEG VariPlus SK solid 1 ~ 115 3 ~ 90 ~ 325 TEG VariPlus 1201 TF 49% i EA 2 ~ 163 3+4 ~ 130 4 ~ 200 4 TEG VariPlus DS 50 33% i water ~ 150 3+4 ~ 120 ~ 190 TEG VariPlus UC liquid < 7 ~ 47 ~ 40 TEG VariPlus UC W 40 40% i water ~ 47 ~ 40 1 DIN EN IS 3219 2 DIN EN IS 4625-1 3 DIN 53181 4 solid resi As a result of the optimized process, the formaldehyde cotet of products based o acetopheoe is below the limits of detectability. Because of their low molecular weights ad high softeig or meltig temperatures, resis i the TEG VariPlus rage are ot film-formig. They are thus combied with other biders to improve the properties of coatigs. faster dryig ad set times lower VC cotet higher hardess higher gloss improved adhesio improves ability to be used i primers better heat resistace better chemical resistace better mechaical resistace better corrosio protectio better block resistace higher pigmet loadig ad higher color itesities through improved pigmet wettig lower pigmet paste viscosities TEG VariPlus resis ifluece i all sorts of ways the properties of solvetbore, waterbore ad eergy-curable coatigs, pritig ad other iks as well as of adhesives: Figure 4: Use of TEG VariPlus 1201 TF i pritig iks Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders page 115
Areas of applicatio of TEG VariPlus resis AP SK 1201 TF CA TC DS 50 UC/UC W 40 + recommeded use o possible use limited use Wood fiishes + + + o + Coatigs for plastics o + + + + + Ati-corrosio coatigs + + + o o Cocrete coatigs + + o Road markig paits + + + o Idustrial fiishes + + + o + o Paper coatigs + + + + Writig iks + o + Adhesives + o + + o Pigmet pastes o o + o + + + Pritig iks + + + + Hot embossig foils + + + UV coatigs + + o o o o Besides their widespread use i pritig iks (rotogravure, flexographic, scree pritig, uv ad specialist pritig processes) ad hot embossig foils, TEG VariPlus resis are prove co-biders i coatigs ad adhesives. They are used i wood fiishes, coatigs for plastics, aticorrosio paits, cocrete paits, road markig paits, idustrial fiishes, packagig coatigs, paper coatigs, writig iks, pigmet pastes, liquid adhesives ad hot melt adhesives. Figures 4 to 7 show typical applicatios. TEG VariPlus 1201 TF imparts pritig iks with very good adhesio, excellet gloss, ad good block resistace durig rapid dryig. Because of its very good pigmet wettig, it is also used i pigmet pastes to achieve high color itesity ad good trasparecy. Ballpoit pe pastes owe their special rheological properties to the uique structure of TEG VariPlus SK. This resi prevets dryig out ad leakage of the ik while esurig rapid settig after writig. Figure 5: Use of TEG VariPlus SK i ballpoit pe pastes page 116 Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders
Figure 6: Use of TEG VariPlus DS 50 i coatigs for plastics Used as a resi i the top coat of hot embossig foils, TEG VariPlus CA has a positive ifluece o a rage of properties such as gloss, flexibility ad fastess. It is also used i the adhesive film of these coated foils because it ehaces adhesio. Because of its high glass trasitio temperature ad special chemical structure, TEG VariPlus DS 50 improves the resistace of waterbore coatigs for plastics to water, solvets ad chemicals as well as their film hardess ad gloss. Substrate adhesio is also optimized. TEG VariPlus TC has proved itself as a grid paste resi i pigmet cocetrates because of its uiversal solubility i orgaic solvets, compatibility with biders ad excellet pigmet wettig. TEG VariPlus UC represets a ew geeratio of pigmet paste resis developed specifically for solvetbore, extremely high solids pigmet cocetrates with high pigmet loadigs. TEG VariPlus UC W 40 makes this resi accessible for use i waterbore (icludig uiversal) pigmet preparatios. Figure 7: Use of TEG VariPlus TC i pigmet pastes for coatigs Techical Backgroud_Co-Biders page 117