From the SelectedWorks of Emre Iseri Fall 2013 Turkey's Energy Strategy and the Southern Gas Corridor Emre Iseri Alper Almaz Available at: https://works.bepress.com/emre_iseri/26/
TURKEY S ENERGY STRATEGY AND THE SOUTHERN GAS CORRIDOR ASST. PROF. EMRE ISERI*, ALPER ALMAZ**
Access to reliable, affordable and environmentally friendly energy resources is essential for modern economies. 1. INTRODUCTION TURKEY HAS BECOME A CRITICAL TRANSIT COUNTRY FOR TRANSPORTING CASPIAN/ MIDDLE EASTERN RESOURCES TO EUROPE. *Asst. Prof. Emre Iseri, Department of International Relations Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey. E- mail: emre.iseri@yasar.edu.tr ** Research Assistant Alper Almaz, Department of International Relations Yasar University, Izmir, Turkey. E-mail: alper.almaz@ yasar.edu.tr 1. G. Bahgat, Energy Security: An Interdisciplinary Approach, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2011,p.1-3. 2. C. Egenhofer, K. Gialoglou, and G. Luciani, Marked-based Options for Security of Energy Supply, Center for European Policy Studies (CEPS), March 2004, http://www.ceps.eu/ceps/dld/965/pdf
2. THE SOUTHERN GAS CORRIDOR IN BRIEF Map 1
Table 1: Key Central Asian Natural Gas Data in tcf 4, 2012 Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2013. 3. Since gaining independence from the Soviet Union, Azerbaijan has carried out signi cant and successful energy pipeline projects, through which it has become a reliable oil and gas supplier for the EU, Turkey and Georgia. The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) oil pipeline and Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum (BTE) natural gas pipeline which runs from Azerbaijan through Georgia to Turkey are the largest projects through which Azerbaijan has brought new energy supplies to the world energy market. 4. See conversion table for trillion cubic feet (tcf) and billion cubic meters (bcm), available at: http://www.iea.org/stats/unit.asp 5. Presidency Conclusions of the Brussels European Council, the Council of the European Union, Available at: http://www.consilium. europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/103441.pdf (22.09.2013). 6. Press Release on EU Energy Security and Solidarity Action Plan: 2nd Strategic Energy Review, European Commission, 2008, Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_memo-08-703_en.htm?locale=en (22.09.2013) 7. Statement by President Barroso following his meeting with Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan, the European Commision, 2011, Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_speech-11-14_en.htm (22.09.2013).
8. Map 1 9. EU Commission welcomes decision on gas pipeline: Door opener for direct link to Caspian Sea, the European Commission, 2013, Available at: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_ip-13-623_en.htm (23.09.2013).
3. TURKEY S ENERGY PROSPECTS Figure 1: 12. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Turkey s Energy Strategy, Available at: http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkeys-energy-strategy.en.mfa (21.09.2013).
13. Azerbaijani State Oil Company (SOCAR) and Turkey s Turcas signed an agreement to build a re nery in Izmir which could process 10 million tons of crude oil. Azeris, Spaniards Ink $4.8Billion Turkish Re nery Deal, Hurriyet Daily News, Available at: http://www. hurriyetdailynews.com/azeris-spaniards-ink-48-billion-turkish-re nery-deal.aspx?pageid=238&nid=47258 (21-09.2013). 14. Energy in Southeast Europe, Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/enlargement/archives/seerecon/infrastructure/sectors/energy/ oilgas.htm (21.09.2013). 15. Key Figures, European Commission, 2011, Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/energy/observatory/countries/doc/key_ gures. pdf (22.09.2013). 16. Background on Energy in Europe, the European Commission, 2010, Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/pdf/energy_ background_en.pdf (24.09.2013).
Figure 2: 2012 EU Natural Gas Imports 4. RISKS FOR THE SOUTHERN GAS CORRIDOR Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2013.
4.1. SHORT-TERM ENERGY SECURITY RISKS 4.2. LONG-TERM ENERGY RISKS: IS THERE ENOUGH GAS? 17. Georgia PM Optimistic on Russia Relations, Voice of America, 2013. Available at: http://www.voanews.com/content/georgiaprime-minister-optimistic-on-russia-relations/1724063.html (22.09.2013). 18. E.Iseri, Addressing pipeline security regime of the prospective regional energy hub Turkey. Security Journal, 8 October 2012 (online version).
CONCLUSION 19. I. Tsakalidou, The southern European corridor, European Union Institute for Security Studies, 2013, Available at: http://www.iss. europa.eu/uploads/media/alert_trans-adriatic-_pipeline.pdf (24.09.2013).