Illumina Bio-Rad Single Cell Sequencing 2016 Illumina, Inc. All rights reserved. Illumina, 24sure, BaseSpace, BeadArray, BlueFish, BlueFuse, BlueGnome, cbot, CSPro, CytoChip, DesignStudio, Epicentre, ForenSeq, Genetic Energy, GenomeStudio, GoldenGate, HiScan, HiSeq, HiSeq X, Infinium, iscan, iselect, MiniSeq, MiSeq, MiSeqDx, MiSeq FGx, NeoPrep, NextBio, Nextera, NextSeq, Powered by Illumina, SureMDA, TruGenome, TruSeq, TruSight, Understand Your Genome, UYG, VeraCode, verifi, VeriSeq, the pumpkin orange color, and the streaming bases design are trademarks of Illumina, Inc. and/or its affiliate(s) in the US and/or other countries. All other names, logos, and other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
The importance of single cell sequencing 44k single cells 39 retinal cell types Macosko et al, Cell: May, 2-15 The single cell omics revolution is firmly underway. Nearly every expression study worth doing will be worth doing at single cell level Ewan Birney, EMBL 2
Single-cell analysis a brief history First singlecell mrna sequenced, Tang, et.al. First singlecell exome sequenced, Xu, et.al. SC RNA-Seq of immune cells, Shalek, et.al. SC ATAC-Seq of human cell lines, Cusanovich, et.al. Single cell qpcr of neurons, Eberwine, et.al. DNA-Seq of single human cancer cell, Navin, et.al. Single cell WGS of Neurons, Evrony, et.al. First singlecell T-cell epigenome with HiC, Nagano, et.al. Organ lineage tracing with SC RNA-Seq, Truetlein, et.al. SC whole transcriptome microarrays STRT-Seq 5 end Seq Islam, et. al. SMART-Seq Full length pre-amp Ramskold, et. al. CEL-Seq Remove PCR bias with IVT Hashimshony, et. al. MALBAC Zong, et.al. SMART-Seq2 Increased sensitivity Picelli, et.al. Incorporation of UMI s to methods Jaitin, et. al. Islam, et. al. Drop-Seq Macosko, et. al. 3 Kolodziejczyk, et. al. 2015; Navin, 2015
Single-Cell Sequencing 300 Pubmed: "Single-cell Sequencing" 250 200 Papers 150 100 50 2013 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 4
Why Perform Single Cell Analysis? 1. Assess cell-to-cell heterogeneity 2. Map cell trajectories 3. Dissect transcriptional mechanics 4. Infer gene regulatory networks 5
Assessing Heterogeneity in Cancer Tirosh et al., 2016, Science 6
Illumina Bio-Rad Single Cell Transcriptome Sequencing Solution 7
The Illumina Bio-Rad Single Cell Sequencing Solution ddseq Single-Cell Isolator NextSeq, HiSeq, NovaSeq SureCell WTA 3 Library Prep Kit Single Cell RNA Seq v1.0.0 8
Single Cell Isolation Principle ddseq Single-Cell Isolator with Droplet Digital Technology Single-Use Microfluidic Cartridges Oil Cell Isolation Reagents (including barcodes) Single-Cell Suspension Oil Isolate thousands of cells in minutes 9
Single Cell Isolation Principle ddseq Single-Cell Isolator with Droplet Digital Technology Single-Use Microfluidic Cartridges Oil Cell Isolation Reagents (including barcodes) Single-Cell Suspension Oil Isolate thousands of cells in minutes 10
Experimental Design for the ddseq System Microspheres Oil Goal = 1 cell & 1 bead Cell+Bead capture rate 3-4% Cells Oil 1 Cartridge: 4 wells with samples Load 4.5ul of cell suspension per well 2,500 cells/ul 11,250 cells loaded per well Collect 300-375 cell+bead droplets per sample 11
Cell Preparation Methods FACS Solid tissue dissociation Tissue culture Trypsinize, Wash & Filter (35um strainer) S3e Cell Sorter 12 Clump-free Single Cell suspension
Quality Assessment and Cell Counting ZOE Cell Imager Cells must be free of clumps to prevent multiple cells per droplet Suspension concentration must be accurately determined Free of debris from dead or damaged cells - Trypan blue staining TC20 Automated Cell Counter 13
SureCell WTA 3 Library Preparation Microspheres Cells Single cell encapsulation with the ddseq Single- Cell Isolator TTTTT TTTTT TTTTT Read1 Cell Barcode UMI 14
SureCell WTA 3 Library Preparation Microspheres Cells Single cell encapsulation with the ddseq Single- Cell Isolator Sensitive assay chemistry without pre-amplification First strand synthesis in droplets Modified Nextera Library prep 15
Sequencing of SureCell WTA 3 Libraries 17
Sequencing Conditions for SureCell 3 Libraries 18
How much sequencing will I need? # of genes detected per cell (APPROXIMATE) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 # of reads per cell Range depends on cell type and expression levels and also the biological question you re asking How many genes do I want to detect per cell? Am I looking for potentially rare cell types? Saturating the number of detected genes requires more reads 19
Sequencing Power for Every Scale Single Cell RNA-Seq HiSeq X Ten 18000 Gb 60B 2x150 Increasing system output & price MiniSeq 7.5 Gb 25M 2x150 MiSeq 15 Gb 25M 2x300 NextSeq 120 Gb 400M 2x150 HiSeq 2500 1000 Gb 4B 2x125 HiSeq 4000 1500 Gb 5B 2x150 HiSeq 3000 750 Gb 2.5B 2x150 NovaSeq 6000 S2 2000 Gb 6.7B 2x150 HiSeq X Five 9000 Gb 30B 2x150 Decreasing price per GB 20
Sequencing cost per cell 2017 USD List # of genes detected per cell (APPROXIMATE) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 $0.18 $0.35 $0.69 $1.74 $3.48 $6.96 NextSeq 500 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 # of reads per cell 21
Sequencing cost per cell 2017 USD List # of genes detected per cell (APPROXIMATE) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 $0.11 $0.23 $0.44 $1.12 $2.25 $4.50 HiSeq 3000 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 # of reads per cell 22
Sequencing cost per cell 2017 USD List # of genes detected per cell (APPROXIMATE) 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 $0.10 $0.20 $0.41 $1.02 $2.05 $4.10 NovaSeq S2 25,000 50,000 100,000 250,000 500,000 1,000,000 # of reads per cell 23
What about data analysis? 24
BaseSpace Single-Cell RNA App Simple analysis setup for samples across multiple sequencing runs - Up to 96 samples per analysis Easily choose analysis parameters - Reference genome - ERCC spike-ins - Subsampling for QC Rapid alignment, cell and gene counting, and filtering 25
BaseSpace Single-Cell RNA App Per-sample reports available inbrowser and as PDF - Alignment quality - Coverage information - Abundant sequences Perform global PCA and tsne clustering Cell-cycle heatmap All output files available for download, or as input into downstream applications - Includes cell-gene expression table 26
tsne analysis identifies a sub-population in a heterogeneous cell mixture mouse/human 27
PCA clustering of 1:1 mixture of 1,400 mouse and human cells detects distinct populations 28
Two-species cell mixture (HEK293/NIH3T3) demonstrates low crosstalk and high purity Number of UMIs Aligned to mm10 Genes Cells: 1384 Duplets: 5.8% Purity: 99.1% Number of UMIs Aligned to hg19 Genes 29
Sub-populations identification in PBMCs NK cells (11.4%) CD16+ Monocytes (5.4%) Cytotoxic T-Cells (13.4%) t-sne clustering 6,000 cells 4 cartridges tsne axis 2 CD14+ Monocytes (17.6%) Dendritic cells (1.2%) Memory T-Cells (12.7%) B-Cells (9.0%) Naïve CD4 & Naïve CD8 T-Cells (15.2%) ~20m of hands on time for barcoding Major subclasses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) identified down to <1% 60,000 reads per cell Platelets (0.8%) tsne axis 1 30
Further Analysis with 3 rd party software Import cell-gene expression tables from BaseSpace Discover and characterize populations with gene sets Extended heatmapping capabilities 31
System performance on reference cells 32
Sensitivity & Reproducibility Across Cell Lines HEK293 Genes vs. Reads Per Cell NIH3T3 Genes vs. Reads Per Cell Human Genes Detected Mouse Genes Detected Reads Per Cell (x1,000) Reads Per Cell (x1,000) Replicate 2 Gene Count Gene Count Reproducibility R2: 0.975 NumGenes: 10,011 Median Genes Detected Genes Detected Across Different Cell Sizes A20 3T3 HEK BJ Replicate 1 Gene Count Average Cell Diameter, µm 33 Illumina internal data on file
Correlation between ddpcr and ddseq Good correlation between bulk and aggregate single cell data Normalized ddpcr log2 3D Expression 8 6 4 2 0-2 -4-6 -8 R² = 0.810 0 5 10 15 20 ddseq log2 3D Expression (FPKM) Normalized ddpcr log2 2D Expression 8 6 4 2 0-2 -4-6 -8-10 R² = 0.789 0 5 10 15 20 ddseq log2 2D Expression (FPKM) Data courtesy of Drs. David Schaffer & Maroof Adil University of California, Berkeley Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering 34
ddseq SCI & SureCell Kit Future Scalability More cells, same robust assay More sensitivity through target enrichment More assays for single cell characterization 80% Droplet Occupancy 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 1 bead > 1 bead 0 bead 1 bead Random (Poisson statistics) > 1 bead 0 bead 0% 35
Illumina Bio-Rad Single Cell Sequencing Solution 1. Isolation and barcoding of several thousand single cells in minutes 2. Affordable platform 3. Scalable to profile increasing number of cells in a cost-effective manner 4. Proven Illumina library prep with streamlined workflow 5. Single-Cell RNA-Seq BaseSpace App available 36
A solution to meet your needs Sensitive Accurate Scalable Simple Reproducible Integrated 5-7K genes per cell No pre-amp, correlates with orthogonal method (ddpcr) Kit formats to support 10 2-10 4 cells per day Nextera. Easy stopping points, sequence the second day High correlation experiment to experiment Built-in setup and analysis. End-to end solution 37
Thank you 2016 Illumina, Inc. All rights reserved. Illumina, 24sure, BaseSpace, BeadArray, BlueFish, BlueFuse, BlueGnome, cbot, CSPro, CytoChip, DesignStudio, Epicentre, ForenSeq, Genetic Energy, GenomeStudio, GoldenGate, HiScan, HiSeq, HiSeq X, Infinium, iscan, iselect, MiniSeq, MiSeq, MiSeqDx, MiSeq FGx, NeoPrep, NextBio, Nextera, NextSeq, Powered by Illumina, SureMDA, TruGenome, TruSeq, TruSight, Understand Your Genome, UYG, VeraCode, verifi, VeriSeq, the pumpkin orange color, and the streaming bases design are trademarks of Illumina, Inc. and/or its affiliate(s) in the US and/or other countries. All other names, logos, and other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.