SCENARIO OF GOAT SECTOR: MAHARASHTRA STATE (INDIA)

SCENARIO OF GOAT SECTOR: MAHARASHTRA STATE (INDIA) Goat keeping is spread over all parts of the state. On goat rearing approximately 48 lakhs families are engaged. Goat rearing is highly preferred occupation for weaker sections of the society. Within the families it is gender based livelihood activity. For women headed families, landless families it is main activity. Cutting across the castes and religion, land holding and landless families, tribal and non tribal, the activity is universally spread. Considering goats there adaptability to a wide range of agro climatic conditions, comparatively smaller body size rendered them suitable for weaker sections. Goats are mainly reared under extensive range management system on community rangeland, crop residues and forestlands, employing self or family labor. Management of small ruminants does not require special skills. The family labor is gainfully employed. Financial inputs are much less as compared to other livestock sector. The market demand for goat and their products is available throughout the year and there is negligible variation in prices obtained. Goats are reared on grazing or semi intensive system but now a day s most of new entrepreneurs are trying to maintain goats exclusively on stall-fed system. The statistical data showing present scenario goat farming in Maharashtra State (India) is given in this article. Goat Population: 19 th Livestock Census As per 19 th livestock census, goat population of India is 1351.73 lakh and Maharashtra State is 84.35 lakh, the rank of Maharashtra State is 6 th on National level. The Goat Population has declined by 18.82% as compared to previous Census. The female goats are 71.4% of total goats, in which 31.3% are milk goats. The in-milk goats are 26.41 lakh and it has declined by 20.9% as compared to 2007 Census. INDIA 1351.73 LAKH MAHARASHTRA 84.35 LAKH

Rank on National Level: Rank State Goat Population % Contribution 1 Rajasthan 21665939 16.028 2 Uttar Pradesh 15585615 11.530 3 Bihar 12153520 8.991 4 West Bengal 11505950 8.512 5 Andhra Pradesh 9071221 6.710 6 Maharashtra 8435307 6.240 7 Tamil Nadu 8143341 6.024 8 Madhya Pradesh 8013936 5.928 9 Jharkhand 6581449 4.868 10 Odisha 6513087 4.818 11 Assam 6169193 4.563 12 Gujarat 4958972 3.668 13 Karnataka 4796147 3.548 14 Chhattisgarh 3225307 2.386 15 Jammu & Kashmir 2017900 1.492 16 Uttarakhand 1367413 1.011 17 Kerala 1246077 0.921 18 Himachal Pradesh 1119491 0.828 19 Tripura 610922 0.451 20 Meghalaya 473070 0.349 21 Haryana 369116 0.273 22 Punjab 327272 0.242 23 Arunachal Pradesh 305538 0.226 24 Sikkim 113364 0.083 25 Nagaland 99350 0.073 26 Andaman & Nicobar islands 65324 0.048 27 Manipur 65158 0.048 28 Pondicherry 54950 0.040 29 Lakshadweep 46497 0.034 30 NCT of Delhi 30470 0.022 31 Mizoram 22206 0.016 32 Goa 12958 0.009 33 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 4173 0.003 34 Daman & Diu 2055 0.001 35 Chandigarh 805 0.0005 It reveals that the Maharashtra represents 6 th rank and contributed 6.24% in total goat population of India.

District Wise Goat Population: (Maharashtra) Rank Name of District Goat Population % Contribution 1 Aamadnagar 792010 9.389 2 Solapur 706406 8.374 3 Nashik 599813 7.110 4 Pune 394723 4.679 5 Jalgaon 349130 4.138 6 Bid 336223 3.985 7 Sangali 324632 3.848 8 Satara 309011 3.663 9 Aurangabad 303013 3.592 10 Yeotmal 299257 3.547 11 Amravati 292007 3.461 12 Dhule 275690 3.268 13 Nandurbar 272753 3.233 14 Nagpur 265340 3.145 15 Buldhana 263606 3.125 16 Nanded 253302 3.002 17 Chandrapur 229416 2.719 18 Thane 202259 2.397 19 Gadchiroli 200570 2.377 20 Jalna 183603 2.176 21 Osmanabad 178660 2.118 22 Kolhapur 162503 1.926 23 Bhandara 161528 1.914 24 Gondiya 155566 1.844 25 Akola 134681 1.596 26 Parbhani 133657 1.584 27 Washim 132502 1.570 28 Wardha 130342 1.545 29 Latur 122615 1.453 30 Hingoli 111210 1.318

31 Raigarh 87457 1.036 32 Ratnagiri 33071 0.392 33 Sindhudurg 28125 0.333 34 Mumbai 10626 0.125 Total 8435307 Region-wise Goat Population (Maharashtra State) SN Region District Population 1 Mumbai Mumbai 10626 Thane 202259 Raigarh 87457 Ratnagiri 33071 Sindhudurg 28125 Mumbai Total 361538 2 Nashik Nashik 599813 Dhule 275690 Nandurbar 272753 Jalgaon 349130 Ahmadnagar 792010 Nashik Total 2289396 3 Pune Pune 394723 Satara 309011 Sangali 324632 Solapur 706406 Kolhapur 162503 Pune Total 1897275 4 Aurangabad Aurangabad 303013 Jalna 183603 Parbhani 133657 Bid 336223 Aurangabad total 956496 5 Latur Latur 122615 Osmanabad 178660 Nanded 253302 Hingoli 111210 Latur Total 665787 6 Amravati Amravati 292007 Akola 134681 Washim 132502 Buldhana 263606 Yeotmal 299257 Amravati Total 1122053

7 Nagpur Nagpur 265340 Wardha 130342 Bhandara 161528 Gondiya 155566 Chandrapur 229416 Gadchiroli 200570 Nagpur Total 1142762 Total State 8435307 Trends in Goat Population (All India) S N Livestock Census Goat Population (Figures in Million) 1 1951 47.2 2 1956 55.4 3 1961 60.9 4 1966 64.6 5 1972 67.5 6 1977 75.6 7 1982 95.2 8 1987 110.21 9 1992 115.28 10 1997 122.72 11 2003 124.36 12 2007 140.54 13 2012 135.17 Trends in Goat Population (Maharashtra State) S N Livestock Census Goat Population (Figures in lakh) 1 1961 51.81 2 1966 51.21 3 1972 59.11 4 1978 75.63 5 1982 77.05 6 1987 91.95 7 1992 99.41 8 1997 114.34 9 2003 104.49 10 2007 103.91 11 2012 84.35 Goat Population Decline: (Maharashtra State) SN Census Year Population (Fig. in Lakh) Decline % 1 1997 114.34 2 2003 104.49 (-) 8.61 3 2007 103.91 (-) 0.55 4 2012 84.34 (-) 18.82 Overall Decline from 1997 : (-) 26.22

Breed wise Goat Population: (18 th Livestock Census: 2007) SN Breed Population % 1 Osmanabadi 1276886 12 2 Sangamneri 211135 2 3 Other 67921 1 4 Non descript 8835226 85 Total 10391168 100

Goat Meat: The nutritive value of goat meat is becoming increasingly important in the health management of people. Not only is goat meat lower in total fat and cholesterol, but it is also lower in saturated fats than traditional meats. Goat meat has been established as a lean meat with favorable nutritional qualities, and it s an ideal choice for the health-conscious consumer. There are two common names for goat meat cabrito and chevon. Goat meat from milk fed kids 4-8 weeks of age. Chevon is goats being butchered between 3-9 months of age. Goat meat can get tougher as the animals age and butchering earlier rather than later is normally preferred for most people. Goat meat is an extremely healthy red meat, low in calories, fats and cholesterol and accounts for approximately 63 % of all red meat consumed worldwide. Meat Comparison

Estimated Goat Meat Production (Maharashtra State) SN Year No. of Animals Slaughtered (in lakh) Percentage of Slaughtered Animal Estimated Meat Production (in 000 MT) 1 1991-92 36.83 40.07 38.604 2 1992-93 37.75 37.97 40.012 3 1993-94 39.62 39.86 42.3 4 1994-95 32.59 32.78 34.9 5 1995-96 29.40 29.57 31.607 6 1996-97 26.19 26.35 29.989 7 1997-98 39.26 34.34 44.603 8 1998-99 40.63 35.53 47.052 9 1999-00 43.59 38.12 49.693 10 2000-01 44.75 39.14 50.124 11 2001-02 46.04 40.27 52.027 12 2002-03 46.53 40.69 53.05 13 2003-04 45.58 43.62 52.727 14 2004-05 45.72 43.76 52.549 15 2005-06 46.42 44.43 53.889 16 2006-07 48.97 46.87 55.67 17 2007-08 50.45 48.55 57.826 18 2008-09 51.13 49.21 59.366 19 2009-10 51.18 49.25 59.00 20 2010-11 52.54 50.56 62.00 21 2011-12 52.86 50.87 63.00 22 2012-13 59.29 70.29 71.00 23 2013-14 48.13 57.06 57.21 24 2014-15 38.50 45.65 45.76

Rank of Maharashtra on National Level: (2011-12) Rank No. of Animal Slaughtered Meat Production Carcass Weight State Nos. % State Product. % State Weight (Lakh) (000 MT) (KG) 1 W. Bengal 306.22 35.66 W Bengal 230.00 25.41 HP 20.00 2 UP 113.57 13.22 UP 182.00 20.11 Haryana 19.00 3 Bihar 78.83 9.18 AP 79.00 8.72 Karnataka 16.00 UP 4 AP 62.40 7.26 Maharashtra 63.00 6.96 Kerala, MP 15.00 U. khand 5 Maharashtra 52.86 6.15 - - - J & k, 14.00 Punjab 6 - - - - - - AP, 13.00 Rajasthan 7 - - - - - - Maharashtra 12.00 All India 858.65 All India 905.00 All India 14.00 Goat Milk: Goat Milk Production: (Maharashtra State) SN Year Total Goat Milk production (000 MT) Milk Production per Day per Goat (Gm.) 1 2012-13 303.73 232 2 2013-14 255.37 227

Rank of Maharashtra on National Level: (2011-12) Rank Total Goat Milk Production (000MT) Milk production Per Day per Goat State Milk Production % State Milk production per day in KG. 1 Rajasthan 1641 34.31 Punjab 1.4 2 UP 1171 24.48 Haryana 0.8 3 MP 519 10.85 UP 0.7 4 Maharashtra 293 6.12 Kerala & 0.6 Rajasthan 5 - - - J & K 0.6 6 - - - MP 0.5 7 - - - HP 0.5 8 - - - Gujarat 0.4 9 - - - A & N 0.3 10 - - - Maharashtra 0.2 All India 4782 All India 0.4 References: 19 th All India Livestock and Poultry Census 2012 Integrated Sample Survey Scheme, Department of Animal Husbandry, Govt. of Maharashtra. Animal Husbandry Statistical Booklet. Desert Viking Ranch blog