Enzyme Enabled Carbon Capture - PDF Free Download

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CO 2 Solution Inc. Positioned to Succeed Canadian innovator in efficient carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) capture and beneficial reuse utilizing an enzyme Headquartered in Quebec City, QC Patented technology Strong internal and external technical capabilities World class development and scale up relationships $30 million invested in technology platform to date $4.3 million round completed Sept. 2011 Publicly traded on TSX Venture Exchange (Symbol: CST) 2

Sources of CO 2 Emissions Large stationary sources are half of all global emissions World energy consumption to double by 2035, with needs primarily being met by fossil fuels such as coal Large sources of CO 2 must be dealt with for effective climate change mitigation Other small sources Residential Transportation 8% 20% 23% Stationary Sources 49% Sector Stationary Sources of CO 2 with Emissions >100,000 Tons/Year Number of Sites CO 2 Emissions (Mil Tons) Power Generation 5,148 11,612 Cement 1,256 1,049 Oil & Gas Industry 768 873 Metals Production 469 699 Other 588 432 Total 8,229 14,665 Sources: IEA GHG Program, U.S. Energy Information Administration 3 3

Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) A Solution for Large Source Emissions CO 2 is selectively captured from combustion gases of power or industrial plant Captured CO 2 can be: Compressed, pipelined and permanently stored geologically (typically at depths of 7,000 ft. or more) Utilized for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Combined with mineral containing (Ca, Mg) waste materials for sequestration and beneficial reuse Geologic Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery Sequestration with Industrial Mineral Containing Wastes Sources: World Coal Institute 4

Conventional CO 2 Capture is Too Costly A Significant Barrier to Widespread Deployment Sources: NETL, IPCC, ICO2N Carbon capture costs on order of $60 80 / tonne with conventional amine solvent; would nearly double cost of electricity production at a typical power plant For oil sands producers, capture costs are upwards of $175/ tonne! Costs must be reduced 5

Our Solution: Inspired by Nature Enzyme as Process Accelerator for CO 2 Capture Technology platform exploits powerful enzyme catalyst carbonic anhydrase (CA) CA functions in humans and other living organisms to facilitate efficient CO 2 transfer during respiration Nature s solution A biomimetic approach based on millions of years of evolution Approach follows in footsteps of other enzymes successfully deployed to increase the efficiency of other industrial processes 6

Overall Benefits of Enzyme Enables Aqueous Solvent Absorption Systems Accelerates Low Energy Amines Useful with MDEA and other slow amines that have low energies of regeneration Reduced energy penalty vs. MEA Accelerates Carbonates Accelerates CO 2 absorption in carbonates Significantly reduces Gulliver sized absorbers while taking advantage of inherently low energies of regeneration Enzyme is a true catalyst and is energy neutral vs. piperazine and other fast amine activators which increase stripping energy penalty No need to reinvent the wheel Enables packed column solvent absorption processes familiar to gas scrubbing industry 7

Enzyme Provides Cost Savings Enables Greater Efficiency, Leveraging Existing Approaches CA Enables Energy Efficient Solvents Enzyme Impact on Absorber Size with MDEA Sources: NETL, IPCC, ICO2N 90% reduction in CO 2 absorber column size with low energy solvent (ex. MDEA) Process requires significantly less heat to release CO 2 ; 30%+ lower energy consumption than conventional monoethanolamine (MEA) approach 8

A More Sustainable Solution Use of Enzyme Has Significant Environmental Advantages Enzyme allows use of more environmentally friendly solvents Less corrosive Less volatile Lower toxicity Enzyme does not increase nitrosamine emissions vs. piperazine as CO 2 capture accelerator Significant emerging issue for carbon capture industry Monoethanolamine (MEA) 10 Piperazine 5 Sources: (1) Preliminary study by Norwegian Institute of Public Health Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) 120 Recommended Maximum Exposure Over Time (µg/m3) (1) 9

CO 2 Solution R&D Strong Capabilities 16 person R&D group in Quebec City lab Significant program on enzyme immobilization; permits retention in low temp portion of process for greater enzyme lifespan $30M invested to date in technology platform Exclusive relationship with Procede Group BV augments process optimization efforts Quebec City CO 2 Capture Lab Enzyme Immobilization on Polymer Particles 10

Intellectual Property Broadest Patent Portfolio for Use of CA for Carbon Capture Key CO 2 Solution Patents 23 issued and 25 pending Enzyme solvent formulations Processes Sector applications Enzyme immobilization technologies Significant IP barrier in growing field of interest Patent # US 7,740,689 US 7,596,952 US 7,176,017 US 6,524,843 US 6,908,507 US 7,521,217 US 7,514,056 US 61/231038 US 61/231037 US 61/231039 Area of Carbonic Anhydrase (CA) CO 2 Capture Application Amine solvents Power plants Triphasic reactor Packed column system Cement production Thermally stable CA variants Air fractionation / oxygen production CA on micro particles Carbonate solvents Amino acid solvents 11

Agreement with Codexis, Inc. Design and Production of Industrial Carbonic Anhydrases Codexis is world leader in evolving natural enzymes into super enzymes through directed evolution Revenues >$100 million Codexis has a proven technology platform Supplies enzymes commercially for efficient, green manufacturing of drugs, such as LIPITOR Global partnership with Shell for advanced biofuels production Codexis purchased equity stake in CO 2 Solution 12

Codexis Evolution Results To Date 2,000,000 Fold Stability Improvement Over Natural Enzyme Enzyme is now suitable for absorber conditions (40 70⁰C) Strong trajectory towards desorber requirements (90 130⁰C) Complements parallel immobilization program Sufficient scale of production to support demonstrations 13

Agreement with Procede Group BV One of World s Leading Gas Absorption Process Companies Leading gas absorption process engineering company led by Dr. Geert Versteeg Clients include Alstom, DOW, Shell and ExxonMobil Designed largest operating CO 2 capture facility in Canada for supplying CO 2 to greenhouses Exclusive Consulting and Technology Transfer Agreement for enzymatic carbon capture Process analysis, simulation and design Access to advanced gas absorption laboratory with pilot plant Technology transfer to CO 2 Solution s lab for harmonized development efforts 14

Scale Up & Integration Power Generation Pilot Program for Coal Fired Power Plants Exclusive agreement with $5+ billion global leader in energy infrastructure and carbon capture systems Pilot scale development and testing of CO 2 Solution/Codexis technology for coal fired power plants Funded by Partner Expandable to full commercialization upon pilot success 15

Scale Up & Integration Aluminum Industry Sequestration and Beneficial Reuse of CO 2 100 million tonnes of alkaline bauxite residue ( red mud ) is produced every year from production of alumina from bauxite Major environmental liability and cost issue Residue can be neutralized with CO 2 captured from aluminum refining $16.5M project funded by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and Alcoa Neutralized residue can be used as a fertilizer support material, for mine reclamation or as construction fill CO 2 Solution s technology makes process economically possible Catastrophe in Hungary 16

Project Pipeline Pathway to Commercial Deployment Targeting first commercial application in Aluminum in 2014 Next target markets are cement production and oil & gas industry, particularly Alberta oil sands 17

Potential for Oil Sands Enzymatic CO 2 Capture Technology is Broadly Applicable Can efficiently address stationary CO 2 sources SAGD 20M tonnes CO 2 currently, growing rapidly Upgrading / SMR Process and steam production emissions Other power and steam plants Potential for lowest cost post combustion approach using known aqueous absorption technology CO 2 Solution is seeking to collaborate with leading oil sands producers towards commercial deployment 18

Thank You! Jonathan A. Carley Vice President, Business Development jonathan.carley@co2solution.com Tel: 905 320 6260 www.co2solution.com 19