Importance of high milk quality...and Dairy Symposium Aarhus Denmark October 23 th Harm Wemmenhove Livestock research Wageningen UR harm.wemmenhove@wur.nl
This lecture Introduction Milk quality in NL Control of maintenance milk equipment Sustainability Conclusion
Introduction Milk Quality EU regulation - (TBC, SCC, antibiotics, freezing point) - (Animal health and farm hygiene) Farm risks analysis National regulation - (butyric acid en FFA) - Farm analysis
Introduction High quality, Consumption per person (2011) Safety Good taste How is this milk produced
Introduction In NL we produce almost 12 milliard kg milk Cheese (750 milj. kg) Butter (200 milj kg) Milk powder (192 milj kg) Condensed milk (355 milj kg) Consumption (527 milj kg ) > 70% is exported Source: PZ High quality is a must
Milk quality and Dutch dairy farms 1950 200.000 farms 10 cows/farm: 4000 kg 35% >limits for milk quality Every day collection in cans Problems with processing of milk 2012 18.500 farms 70 cows/farm: 8700 kg <2,0% >limits for milk quality 3 day collection from bulk cool tanks No problems with processing
Milk quality payment systems (NL) Limit TBC (total bacterial count) 100.000 EU SCC 400.000 EU Sediment Clean Butyric acid sample ++ FFA < 1 meq Freezing point < - 0,505 Antibiotics negative EU Chloroform < 0,2
Milkquality (nl 2012) : the facts More than 98% of the milk is from very good quality Almost 60% of the farmers produced during the hole year good quality of milk 40% have one or more penalties per year Penalties be shared among the farmers with exellent quality ** single ssc/ml
problems Bacterial count Cleaning milking equipment Cleaning storage tank Cooling Somatic cell count Mastitis Hygiene Adjustment milk equipment Teat condition Vacuum level
Better mastitis control Better controi mastitis! Hygiene control cow treatment milking
Hygiëne score Clean cows very important Better / good classify is necessary
Free fatty acid Milk method Air inlet / leakage Good maintenance (slope) Short milk interval (AMS) Cows at the end of lactation Very low production Feeding a wrong taste of milk
Farm Risk Analysis Milker Motivation Education Labour MAN Legislation Dairy Farmer Treatment METHODS Cow Management Feeding Management Cleaning Milking Hygiene Udder preparation Milking routines Prevention Feed Roughage Concentrate Additives Drinking water MEANS Medicins Desinfection Data collection Yield Quality Health Bulk tank Barn/cubicles Pasture Milking parlour Cleaning system MATERIALS Milking machine Construction Maintenance Operation milk
Cow comfort
Milk machine Vacuüm level Teat condition Dry teat Good pulsation Good liners
(Preventive) maintenance of milking machines Increases quality of milking Decreases risk on mastitis Less problems by milking Better udder health Less cost
Maintenance milking machines Dutch system started in 70 (done by advisers) NOW Maintenance once a year (AMS twice a year) Technician from dealers Testing of equipment and education technicians (once a year)
Preventive maintenance One test report for all brands Same standards for all brands Performed by mechanics Controlled by external organisation (once a year) Reports (5 till 10 a year) Equipment mechanics Operation of the mechanic
Regular testing Vacuum regulation Reserve capacity Regulator leakage Cluster air inlet Air intake pulsators Leakage milk line Leakage vacuum line Vacuum drop in vacuum line Pulsator settings
Farms en maintenance reports # *1000
Challenge: economic vital dairy chains Consumers Retail Processors Farmer Suppliers Cooperation is necessary
Identification of sustainability attributes Overall sustainability Economic sustainability Internal social sustainability External social sustainability Ecological sustainability Aspects Profitability Working conditions Food safety Eutrophication Animal welfare Groundwater pollution Attributes Animal Health Dehydration of the soil Landscape quality Acidification Global warming Ecotoxicity
Sustainability Dairy Chain All dairy industries have there own program. Start in 2011-2012 Now sustainability is implimentated in there delivery terms Project finished in 2020
Sustainability Goal Sustainability for dairy, considering animal welfare, animal health, environment and society But also the farmer must have a good income Organisation of dairy industry (NZO) works together witch farmers organisation (LTO) www.duurzamezuivelketen.nl
Sustainability dairy chain 2020 4 different issues Energy and climate Animal health and animal welfare Outdoor grazing Environmental
Sustainability Energy and climate - 30% greenhouse gases (i.r.t. 1990) 20% green energy 2% decrease energy every year
Sustainability Cow age + 2 year (or 20.000 kg milk) Decreasing the use of antibiotics to 1999 level. Less lameness Certified veterinarian Sustainable barns
sustainability Maintain current level of outdoor grazing (about 70%) Dairy factories gives bonuses for outdoor grazing Knowledge of the cycle of minerals (balance)
Implementation promoting Dairy industrie experts Knowledge and tools Farmers compare themselves monitoring measures Formulate sustainability programme
Conclusion High quality of milk is necessary for consumption and export good price High quality is more than TBC, SCC, FFA etc. Animal welfare ( good working equipment) Less mastitis and lameness Long lifetime off cows Sustainability
Conclusion High quality of milk is necessary for consumption and export good price High quality is more than TBC, SCC, FFA etc. Animal welfare ( good working equipment) Less mastitis and lameness Long lifetime off cows Sustainability
Dutch Farm of the future: Specialized farm, high yielding, milk, minerals & energy Average size towards 100-150 cows and more Production 10.000 kg per annum Perfect nutrition combined with grazing More focus on grassland management Optimal animal health (mastitis, lameness etc) Extended life time of cows (+ 2 years) Kees de Koning -2013
Towards a climate neutral housing system
Tanks for your attention Harm.wemmenhove@wur.nl