General Instream Flow Methods Overview Agency Meeting on 2012 Draft Study Descriptions January 24, 2011 1
Susitna River 2
Main Channel and Side Channels 3
Sloughs and Side Channels 4
Turbidity Portage Creek Whiskers Creek Slough 9 5
Upwelling, Incubation, & Juveniles 6
Spawning 7
Spawning 8
1980s Approach for Existing Habitat BL Devils Cyn 9
Project Water Diversion Impoundment Overview of Riverine Fish Habitat Land Cover Watershed Climate Precipitation Air Temperature Solar radiation/day length Geology Soil/rock types Topography Physical/ Chemical Habitat Hydrology Frequency Duration Timing Discharge Water Quality Temperature Turbidity DO Nutrients Salinity Pollutants Channel Geomorph. Channel shape Substrate Mesohabitat types Hydraulics Depth Velocity Water Surface Distance to waters edge Riparian Vegetation Types Regeneration Large woody debris Cover & distance to cover Groundwater Surface/groundwater interaction Algae and Macroinvertebrates Drift density/size (food) Fish individual / Population / Community Growth Immigration Tolerances Reproduction Emigration Distribution Abundance/Production Cohorts / Age Structure Diversity/Species Richness Predation Competition
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Target Species, Lifestages and/or Guilds 16
Target Species, Lifestages and/or Guilds 17
Periodicity (seasonal timing) 18
1 Observed Habitat Utilization by Target Species/lifestages/guilds Relative Suitability 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Velocity (cm/s) S 20-39 mm K 20-39 mm S DNEI 30 mm K DNEI 30 mm Relative Suitability Relative Suitability 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Velocity (cm/s) S 40-69 mm K 40-69 mm S DNEI 50 mm K DNEI 50 mm 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Velocity (cm/s) S 70-159 mm K 70-159 mm S DNEI 150 mm K DNEI 150 mm Relative Suitability 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Velocity (cm/s) S 160-400 mm K 160-400 mm S DNEI 300 mm K DNEI 300 mm 19
Important Physical Habitat Processes 20
River Stratification and Study Sites Study Area Segmentation (Channel Shape, Slope, Hydrology, Access) 21
River Stratification and Study Sites 22
Habitat Suitability Criteria 23
Suitability 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 Habitat Suitability Criteria Observed Redband Spawning Velocity Frequency (N=148) Bovee Raleigh Roaring UNFFR Butt NF Kings E Sierra UARP Sm-Med Project SI UARP Lrg Project SI Stanislaus Project SI CAWG Project SI PCWA Project SI Spokane River 0.0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 Mean Column Velocity (ft/s) 24
Habitat Suitability Criteria Observed Redband Spawning Depth Frequency (N=148) 1.0 0.8 Suitability 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 Depth (ft) Bovee Raleigh Roaring UNFFR Butt NF Kings E Sierra UARP All Channels Project SI Stanislaus Project SI CAWG Project SI PCWA Project SI Spokane River 25
Barriers and Water Temperature Chinook 2011 Measured Yuba Rives Habitat Modeling (Macro) 26
Habitat Modeling (Micro) 2-dimensional hydrodynamics and habitat modeling 1-dimensional hydraulics and habitat modeling Empirical mapping of habitat over a range of flows 27
Habitat Modeling (Versus Flow) 713 cfs 1342 cfs 2500 cfs 5226 cfs 28
Habitat Modeling (Versus Flow) 29
Habitat Modeling (2D) 30
Habitat Modeling (2D) 31
Habitat Modeling (Rip. Veg. and Substrate) 32
Habitat Modeling (1D) 33
Habitat Modeling (1D) 34
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping and Spatial Niche) 35
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping Patchy Habitat) 36
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping Patchy Habitat) 37
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping Patchy Habitat) 38
Spawning / Incubation Habitat vs Flow Relationships Varied Widely by Patch Examples Habitat at high flow -- little habitat at low flow Patch not inundated at low flow Habitat at low flow -- little habitat at higher flow Too high of velocity at high flow 39
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping Patchy Habitat) Spawning Habitat X 10-3 (ft 2 / 1000 ft) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Cumulative Redband Spawning & Effective Incubation Habitat (all patches) 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 Discharge (cfs) Patch Study Results Effective Habit (13,000 cfs -> 1,000 cfs) Old 1D Cross Section 13000 cfs Spawn Discharge Total Spawning Habitat 40
Habitat Modeling (Empirical Mapping Patchy Habitat) Old 1D Cross-Section Study: Spawning Habitat Versus Flow Relationship Much Different Limited Sampling of Spawning Patches 41
Hydrology 42
Habitat Modeling (Time Series) 43
Habitat Modeling (Effective Habitat) 80 18000 Number of Redds Observed 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Apr 1-7 Apr 8-14 Apr 15-21 Apr 22-28 Apr 29 - May 5 May 6-12 May 13-19 May 20-26 May 27 - Jun 2 Number of Redds Observed Jun 3-9 Jun 10-16 Jun 17-23 Jun 24-30 Jul 1-7 Jul 8-14 Jul 15-21 Average Daily Discharge 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 Average Daily Discharge (cfs) 44
Discharge (cfs) 26000 24000 22000 20000 18000 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 Habitat Modeling (Effective Habitat) Spokane River at Spokane, WA (USGS Gage No.12422500) 1980-2010 0 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Median 80 % Eceedance 20% Eceedance Incubation Spawning 45
Habitat Modeling (Effective Habitat) 46
Habitat Modeling (Effective Habitat) 47
Habitat Modeling 48
Habitat Modeling Many Other Aspects Including: Channel Change / Substrate Change/ Riparian Passage into Habitats Temperature Food Growth, etc. Winter Spring Summer/Fall Key Considerations Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Mar Apr May Jun Jun Jul Aug Sep Channel/Riparian Maintenance Flow Maintain Schedule Riparian Recruitment (seed setting) Enhance Rainbow Trout Habitat Spawn Incubation Enhance Enhance Adult Maintain Enhance Maintain Juvenile Other Fish Species (brown trout) Productivity (Algae,Benthos) Maintain Maintain Enhance Recreation (angling) Enhance Hydrograph (shape) Enhance Water Temperature Maintain Enhance 49