saqartvelos teqnikuri universiteti xelnaweris uflebit davit Samoevi efeqturi komunikacia da momsaxureba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis saqmianobis xarisxis amarlebis faqtori doqtoris akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad wardgenili disertaciis a v t o r e f e r a t i sadoqtoro programa sajaro mmartveloba Sifri 1109 Tbilisi 2015 weli
samusao Sesrulebulia saqartvelos teqnikur universitetsi biznes-injineringis fakulteti sajaro mmartvelobisa da eleqtronuli biznesis departamenti xelmzrvaneli: ------------------------------- recenzentebi: ---------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- dacva Sedgeba ---------- wlis ------ ----------------, --------- saatze saqartvelos teqnikuri universitetis ----------------------- ------------------------------------ fakultetis sadisertacio sabwos kolegiis sxdomaze, korpusi ----------------, auditoria ------------ misamarti: 0175, Tbilisi, kostavas 77. disertaciis gacnoba SeiZleba stu-s bibliotekasi, xolo avtoreferatisa _ fakultetis vebgverdze sadisertacio sabwos mdivani -------------- 2
Abstract The fundamental purpose of the local government is to make the government effective and oriented on the requirements of the population. Starting point-is public requirements of the citizens. Public service, public obligation and functions of public government represent the instruments to meet these requirements. The orientation on the citizen implies constant improvement of the service, novelties. The measure for the quality should be the satisfaction of citizens. The aim of the given research was to search for substantive signs of public service, analysis and revealing, constructing its theoretical definition, classification of its different kinds and realizing the aspect ratio between them. According to set aims, qualification work decided the following issues: the characteristics of public service, its role and importance in municipal government system of Georgia was analyzed; the concept of public service as defined; its essence, content, basic signs were estimated; the concept of Quality of providing public service was defined; the system of methods of raising the quality of providing public service was formed; classification of public service is suggested; the ratio of the public service with other types of service was set; modern condition of regulation of public service was analyzed; the system of principles of regulating the public service was suggested; suggestions and recommendations are given to improve the effectiveness of the communication process and providing the public service in the local administrations of city Tbilisi. The works reviews and sets the modern condition of regulating the public service in Georgia; the problems and obstacles are determined, current legislative base and existing weaknesses are analyzed. The work has complexly researched theoretical and practical problems of effective communication and providing public service in the system of executive bodies of municipalities of Tbilisi-in territorial bodies of municipalities of Tbilisi City Hall-in Tbilisi local administrations. Research area covered municipalities of all ten districts of Tbilisi (Gldani, Nadzaladevi, Didube, Chughureti, Vake, Saburtalo, Mtatsminda, Krtsanisi, Isani, Samgori) Research instruments were structured interviews with District Governors of Tbilisi. The questionnaire was prepared consisting of 7 questions. Governors of eight districts of Tbilisi were interviewed (Gldani, Nadzaladevi, Didube,, Vake, Saburtalo, Mtatsminda, Isani, Samgori), The governor of Chighureti district filled the questionnaire in written form, and the governor of Krtsanisi district refused to give the interview. Structured interviews were also taken from the representatives of nongovernmental organizations (Public research center, innovation and development 3
fund, international society for fair elections and democracy, civic development institute) and LEPL Vano Khukhunaishvili center of the reform of effective management system and territorial arrangement. The questionnaire was prepared related to the research topic consisting of 7 questions. Research area was also the population of all ten districts of Tbilisi. Research instrument is a questionnaire consisting of 8 questions. The citizens were questioned from March 20 to April 6 of 2015. 64 individuals in each district were questioned. In total 640 individuals from ten districts of Tbilisi. The number of people to be questioned was selected with the use of program sample-size calculator, where probability of credibility comprises- 85% and the margin of error-9%. The results of the research show, that only 42% of the population of Tbilisi are informed about the activity of the municipality and trust it. According to common data of questioned respondents in Tbilisi districts, only 28% considers that the employees in the municipalities have high qualifications. According to the research, only 17% of the population of all ten districts of Tbilisi thinks, that public officials in municipalities provide effective communication and high quality service. The highest point is in Nadzaladevi district-35%, The lowest is- in Mtatsminda district-9%. According to common data of questioned, 58% of population considers that relations with public officers are based on trust and are characterized with honesty. Only 24% of the population of the capital thinks, that municipal services meet the requirements of local population and 29% think, that existing municipal services are provided operatively and with high quality, but different data are met in various districts. As for the engagement of citizens in the activities of local self-government bodies, according to the research, only 25% of the population of Tbilisi thinks, that the municipality ensures the real engagement of citizens in the process of decision making. According to the research, citizens are not able to get municipal services and different information by electronic sources. Only 5% of the population of all ten districts thinks that the municipalities offer services in such form of communication, 59% disagree with it and for 36% the question is difficult to answer. In our opinion, in order to construct the effective system of management of municipal service, the following key tasks are to be considered carefully: creating appropriate conditions for emerging and developing the competition in this field in order to ensure stable provision of quality, diverse and available municipal service for the population, Using the methods and principles of Performance-Based Budgeting (PBB); Formulating a comprehensive list of municipal services; developing municipal system of quality assessment; effective distribution of existing recourses, raising the effectiveness of provided service, engagement of clients in the process of planning and monitoring of municipal service system; creating standards of municipal service. 4
In order to further improve the quality of the activities of the system of executive bodies of municipalities of Tbilisi, effective communication and service system, we consider as reasonable: -Develop methodological provisions to form informational-analytic system, which will enable local self-government bodies to take rational management decisions to regulate municipal service market; -Define the indicator of monitoring of providing the municipal service, which will enable us to forecast the perspectives of development of social-economic system; -Informational management scheme should be developed in the field of municipal service, which will raise the quality of taking management decisions and will enable us to use municipal recourses more reasonably. 5
sakvlevi Temis aqtualoba. sajaro samsaxuris mowyobis problema saqartvelosi gansakutrebit aqtualuri gaxda bolo wlebis ganmavlobasi. am procesis sworad warmartvazea damokidebuli qartuli saxelmwifoebriobis bedi. swored amitom, dres gansakutrebul mnisvnelobas izens sajaro samsaxuris arsis, danisnulebis, mis winase mdgari gadauwreli problemebis da sajaro samsaxuris sistemis reformirebis procesis gaazreba. drevandeli TviTmmarTveloba mosaxleobis yofiti da infrastruqturuli problemebis gadawris efeqturi meqanizmebis arqonis pirobebsi ZiriTadad iqca politikur institutad, romlis mtavari funqcia arcevnebze centraluri xelisuflebisatvis sasurveli Sedegebis uzrunvelyofaa; moqmedi kanonmdebloba ar izleva soflis, dabis, Temis, qalaqis mosaxleobis TviTorganizaciisa da TviTmmarTvelobaSi realuri monawileobis instituciur meqanizmebs. municipaluri organoebi, gansxvavebit saxelmwifos meqanizmis sxva rgolebisagan, ufro mwidro, usualo kontaqtsi arian mosaxleobastan da amdenad ufro sagnobrivad da operatiulad unda reagirebdnen adgilebze politikuri klimatis cvlilebebze. moqalaqeze orientacia sajaro administraciistvis nisnavs momsaxurebis mudmiv gaumjobesebas, inovacias. momsaxurebis xarisxis sazomi unda iyos moqalaqis kmayofileba. amitom sajaro administraciam unda Seqmnas moqalaqisatvis momsaxurebis iseti pirobebi, romelic mas naklebi danaxarjebita da drois umokles monakvetsi sawiro momsaxurebas SesTavazebs. axali modelis srulfasovani ganxorcieleba SesaZlebelia TanamSromelTa Sesabamisi kvalifikaciisa da motivaciis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi. arnisnuli modelis mixedvit, administracia pasiuri rolisagan unda gatavisufldes da igi SemoqmedebiT organod unda gardaiqmnas. es motxovna administraciis personalistvis gansakutrebuli gamowvevaa _ mas unda hqondes axali martvis 6
modelis Sesabamisi codna da unari. swored arnisnuli codnis SeZenis Sedegad aris SesaZlebeli organizaciasi momsaxurebis donisa da gaweuli saqmianobis Sedegis xarisxis amarleba. is uzrunvelyofs, aseve, organizaciis maral konkurentunarianobas. kvlevis mizani da amocanebi. saqartvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, adgilobrivi xelisufleba valdebulia, TviTmmarTvelobis teritoriaze mcxovreb moqalaqeebs xarisxianad da Tanabrad miawodos municipaluri servisi, sadac miwodebuli momsaxureba minimalurad mainc unda Seesabamebodes xarisxis im macvenebels, romelic aucilebelia sazogadoebrivi motxovnilebebis dasakmayofileblad. realurad ki servisebis daproeqteba-dagegmarebis sakitxi SeiZleba itqvas TviTdinebazea misvebuli da Sesabamisad, TviTmmarTvelobebSi municipaluri servisebis xarisxianad uzrunvelyofis sakitxi gadauwyvetelia. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebi unda musaobdnen sakutari servisebis mudmiv srulyofasa da gamartivebaze. am processi unda dainergos siaxleebi da gaziarebuli iqnes sazrvargaretis qveynebis gamocdilebebi, rac dagvexmareba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis ganvitarebasi da xeli Seewyoba servisebis daxvewas yvela doneze, ris Sedegadac armoifxvreba miwodebis standartsa da xarisxsi dres arsebuli gansxvavebebi. saqartvelos axali saxelmwifo mseneblobis mimdinare processi gansakutrebuli mnisvneloba eniweba saxelmwifo xelisuflebis processi personalis SerCevisa da mattan musaobis srulyofili sistemis Camoyalibebis aucileblobas, vinaidan am organota funqcionirebis efeqtianoba usualod aris dakavsirebuli qveyanasi sajaro samsaxuris ganvitarebastan. yovelive zemot Tqmulidan gamomdinare, kvlevis mizans warmoadgens sajaro momsaxurebis arsobrivi nisnebis mozieba, analizi da gamovlena, misi Teoriuli gansazrvrebis konstruireba, 7
momsaxurebis sxvadasxva saxeebis klasifikacia da mat Soris Tanafardobis gacnobiereba. aseve, umnisvnelovanes mizans warmoadgens sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebis optimizaciis principebisa da sasualebebis gansazrvra. dasaxuli miznebis Sesabamisad, sakvalifikacio nasromsi gadawydeba Semdeegi sakitxebi: - gaanalizebuli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis, rogorc demokratiuli diskursis Semadgeneli nawilis buneba, misi roli da mnisvneloba saqartvelos municipaluri mmartvelobis sistemasi; - gansazrvruli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis cneba, gamovlenili iqneba misi arsi, Sinaarsi, ZiriTadi nisnebi; - gansazrvruli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebis xarisxis cneba, Camoyalibebuli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebis xarisxis amarlebis metodebis sistema; - SemoTavazebuli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis klasifikacia, gamovlenili iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis Tanafardoba momsaxurebis sxva saxeebtan; - ganzogadebuli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis regulirebis Tanamedrove mdgomareoba saqartvelosi, saertasoriso gamocdilebis gatvaliswinebit; - SemoTavazebuli iqneba sajaro momsaxurebis regulirebis principta sistema; - Camoyalibebuli iqneba winadadebebi da rekomendaciebi qalaq Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebsi sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebisa da komunikaciis procesis efeqtianobis srulyofisatvis. kvlevis obieqts warmoadgens qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis armasrulebel organota sistemis _ qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis teritoriuli organoebi _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebis mier momsaxurebis sferosi gamoyenebuli martvis formebi da metodebi. 8
kvlevis sagania efeqturi komunikaciisa da momsaxurebis marali xarisxis misarwevad municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi sajaro mmartvelobis ganxorcielebis processi warmoqmnili organizaciuli urtiertobebi. gamokvlevis Teoriul da metodologiur safuzvels warmoadgens sistemuri midgoma. disertaciasi dasaxuli mizani da amocanebi miirweva sociologiuri, meoradi sociologiuri da sxva samecniero metodebis meoxebit, aseve qartvel da ucxoel avtorta fundamenturi kvlevis SedegebiT municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi martvis formebisa da metodebis srulyofis ZiriTadi tendenciebis Sesaxeb Tanamedrove pirobebsi. nasromis mecnieruli siaxle mdgomareobs imasi, rom pirvelad saqartvelosi kompleqsurad gamovikvliet sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebisa da efeqtiani komunikaciis Teoriuli da praqtikuli problemebi qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis armasrulebel organota sistemis _ qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis teritoriuli organoebis _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebsi. ganvixilet da CamovayalibeT sajaro momsaxurebis martvis Tanamedrove mdgomareoba saqartvelosi, gamovavlinet misi problemebi da ganvitarebis xelissemsleli faqtorebi, gavaanalizet moqmedi sakanonmdeblo baza da arsebuli naklovanebebi. sadisertacio nasromis siaxles, agretve, Seadgens Seavsos is xarvezi, romelic samamulo sajaro martvis samecniero literaturasi arsebobs sajaro momsaxurebis saqmianobis mecnierulad gaazrebisa da gaanalizebis TvalsazrisiT. amastan, saqartvelosi efeqtiani komunikaciisa da sajaro momsaxurebis ganvitarebis perspeqtivebis damusaveba im gamocdilebis gatvaliswinebit, romelic ganvitarebuli sajaro mmartvelobis mqone qveynebs gaacniat. 9
sadisertacio nasromsi mocemulia axleburi xedva im gamowvevebisa, romlebic dgas martvis efeqtianobis amarlebis winase. SemuSavebulia konkretuli winadadebebi da rekomendaciebi municipaluri momsaxurebis sferos Semdgomi srulyofisatvis, romlebic uzrunvelyofen municipaluri saqmianobis efeqtianobis amarlebas. problemis samecniero damusavebis done. nasromze musaobis dros Cvens mier gamoyenebulia moqmedi sakanonmdeblo baza, sadac kanonebi da normatiuli aqtebi mocemulia cvlilebebita da damatebebit. mimoxilulia sxvadasxva saxis samecniero-analitikuri da samecniero-praqtikuli literatura, saqartvelosi da sazrvargaret daculi disertaciebi da avtoreferatebi, publikaciebi, saqartvelosi arsebuli zogierti samtavrobo da arasamtavrobo organizaciebis uaxloesi kvlevebi. saqartvelos konstitucia saqartvelos saxelmwifos ZiriTadi kanoni, mirebul iqna saqartvelos parlametis mier 1995 wlis 24 agvistos; evropuli qartia adgilobrivi TvTmmarTvelobis Sesaxeb _ saqartvelostan mimartebasi ZalaSia 2005 wlis pirveli aprilidan; saqartvelos organuli kanoni adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsi, mirebulia 2014 wlis 5 Tebervals, saqartvelos parlamentis mier; saqartvelos kanoni sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb ; saqartvelos mtavrobis 2014 wlis 19 noembris #627 dadgenileba sajaro samsaxuris reformis koncefciis damtkicebisa da mastan dakavsirebuli zogierti RonisZiebis Sesaxeb ; saqartvelos mtavrobis 2014 wlis 18 ivnisis #411 dadgenileba sajaro moxeleta atestaciis Catarebis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb; saqartvelos mtavrobis 2014 wlis 5 seqtembris #1536 gankarguleba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis moxelis Tanamdebobaze dasanisnad piris mier gasavleli 10
konkursisa da atestaciis savaldebulo etapis _ testirebis Catarebis droebiti wesis gansazrvris Sesaxeb; sajaro samsaxuris biuros ufrosis 2014 wlis 10 seqtembris #73/sa brzaneba vakanturi Tanamdebobis dasakaveblad gamocxadebuli konkursisa da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis moxelis atestaciis testirebis etapebis Catarebis metodikis, Tematikisa da Sefasebis kriteriumebis Sesaxeb; qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meris 2014 wlis 17 oqtombris #1180 brzaneba qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis armasrulebel organota sistemasi atestaciis Catarebis drois, atestacias daqvemdebarebul moxeleta siiis da atestaciis Catarebis grafikis Sesaxeb. mnisvnelovani informaciaa moziebuli Semdeg samecniero nasromebsi: gurgenize v. sajaro-politikuri mmartvelobis Teoria da praqtika, gamomcemloba kalmosani. Tb., 2014; doronaze S., baraturia o. saxelmwifo martvis Tanamedrove problemebi, Tb., 2009, gamomcemloba cis nami ; doronaze S., iasvili g. sajaro samsaxuri saqartvelosi: reformebi, gamowvevebi eleqtronuli mtavroba. Tb. 2013, gamomcemloba cis nami. iasvili g., qoqiauri l. brend-menejmenti. Tb. 2012, sagamomcemlo saxli teqnikuri universiteti ; robert b. denharti, jenet v. denharti. sajaro martva (moqmedebis kursi), Tb., 2012; svanisvili al. samagido wigni sakrebulos wevrebisatvis, Tb., 2010; sajaro dawesebulebebsi adamianuri resursebis martvis saxelmzrvanelo, nawili 1-2, 2013 2014; eleqtronuli CarTulobisa da eleqtronuli peticiebis Sesaxeb sajaro moxeleebis saxelmzrvanelo, sajaro samsaxuris biuro, Tb., 2014; adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis servisebis miwodebis standartebi, samagido kvleva da rekomendaciebi, Tb., 2010; izoria l., turava p., sajaro samsaxuris reformis koncefcia, Tb., 2012; adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis komentarebi, Tb., 2014, gamomcemloba saunje; da sxva. 11
Cvens sakvalifikacio TemasTan mimartebasi, saintereso masalebia moziebuli ucxoeli avtorebis sxvadasxva saxis samecniero-analitikur da samecniero-praqtikul literaturasi, kerzod: malcevi a.: sajaro momsaxurebis reglamentaciis xarisxi administraciuli reformis processi. (МАЛЬЦЕВ А. КАЧЕСТВО РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИИ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ В ХОДЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНОЙ РЕФОРМЫ.ЖурналВласть.2009, 12); barkovi f., serikovi a. mosaxleobis TviTorganizaciis socialuri praqtikis transformacia sajaro momsaxurebis xarisxis kontrolis institutebsi. (Барков Ф. Сериков А. ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ПРАКТИК САМООРГАНИЗАЦИИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В ИНСТИТУТЫ КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ. Историческая и социально-образовательная мысль. 2010, 3); kojenko i., mamiceva a. servisuli saxelmwifo: Teoriis problemebi da realizaciis praqtika. КОЖЕНКО Я. МАМЫЧЕВ А. СЕРВИСНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВО: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ТЕОРИИ И ПРАКТИКИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ. Власть. 2010, 3); simagina o. municipaluri momsaxurebis cnebis ganmarteba rusetis federaciis sajaro momsaxurebis sistemasi. (СИМАГИНА O. ТРАКТОВКА ПОНЯТИЯ «МУНИЦИПАЛЬНАЯ УСЛУГА» В СИСТЕМЕ ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ. ВЕСТНИК ТЮМЕНСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. 2011, 3); malcevi a. klientze orientirebuli midgoma biznessa da saxelmwifo (municipalur) martvasi. (МАЛЬЦЕВ А. КЛИЕНТООРИЕНТИРОВАННЫЙ ПОДХОД В БИЗНЕСЕ И В ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОМ (МУНИЦИПАЛЬНОМ) УПРАВЛЕНИИ. Власть. 2011, 10); vorobievi v., murzina i. sajaro momsaxurebis ganvitarebis institucionaluri aspeqtebi Tanamedrove rusetis sazogadoebasi. (Воробьев В. Мурзина И. ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ РОССИЙСКОМ ОБЩЕСТВЕ. Известия высших учебных заведений. Поволжский регион. Общественные науки. 2011, 2 (18); simagina o. midgomebi sajaro momsaxurebis xarisxis 12
macveneblebis formirebisadmi. (Симагина О. ПОДХОДЫ К ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КАЧЕСТВА ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ. Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2012, 2); bakulina l., SiSkini a. sajaro momsaxureba socialur sferosi. (Бакулина Л. Шишкин А. А. ПУБЛИЧНЫЕ УСЛУГИ В СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СФЕРЕ, БИЗНЕС В ЗАКОНЕ. ЭКОНОМИКО-ЮРИДИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ.2012, 3); malanina v. sajaro momsaxurebis klasifikacia. (Маланина Е. КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ. Вестник Челябинского государственного университета. 2012. 1(255). Право.Вып.31.); makarenia t. marketinguli midgoma momsaxurebis sistemis martvasi. (МАКАРЕНЯ Т. МАРКЕТИНГОВЫЙ ПОДХОД В УПРАВЛЕНИИ СИСТЕМОЙ ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ УСЛУГ. Вестник Адыгейского государственного университета. Серия 5: Экономика. 2012, 2); zainaseva z., sabirova z. sazrvargaretis saxelmwifoebrivi da kerzo partnioruli gamocdileba momsaxurebis sferos socialur dargebsi. (ЗАЙНАШЕВА З. САБИРОВА З. ЗАРУБЕЖНЫЙ ОПЫТ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННО-ЧАСТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ОТРАСЛЯХ СФЕРЫ УСЛУГ. Вестник УГУЭС. Наука, образование, экономика. Серия: Экономика. 2013, 2 (4); mamai e. sajaro momsaxureba da eleqtronuli mtavroba Tanamedrove saxelmwifoebsi: mati Sexebis wertilebi da ganvitarebis mimartulebebi. (Мамай Е. ПУБЛИЧНЫЕ УСЛУГИ И ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВО В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ГОСУДАРСТВАХ: ТОЧКИ СОПРИКОСНОВЕНИЯ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ. Вестник Волгоградского государственного университета. Серия 5: Юриспруденция 2013, 2); ponkini i. sajaro momsaxurebis cneba. (ПОНКИН И. ПОНЯТИЕ ПУБЛИЧНЫХ УСЛУГ. Вестник Омского университета. Серия «Право». 2014. 1 (38); iastrebovi o., ambarcumiani k. sajaro momsaxurebis kategoriis konceptualuri Tvisebebi. (ЯСТРЕБОВ О. АМБАРЦУМЯН К. О КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНЫХ ПРИЗНАКАХ КАТЕГОРИИ «ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ УСЛУГИ». Теория и практика общественного развития. 2015, 2). 13
kvlevisatvis mnisvnelovan wyaros warmoadgenda qartveli da ucxoeli avtorebis sadisertacio kvlevebi da avtoreferatebi, kerzod: kopaleisvili m.: centralizmi da decentralizmi saxelmwifo mmartvelobasi, sadisertacio nasromi iuridiul mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad, Tb., 1999; fifia g. saxelmwifo organoebis urtiertoba adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebtan saqartvelosi, sadisertacio nasromi iuridiul mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad Tb., 2003; koxreize j. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis principebi da misi ganxorcielebis etapebi postkomunistur qveynebsi, sadisertacio nasromi politikur mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad Tb., 1999; wereteli d. adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis funqcionirebis konstituciuri garantiebi, sadisertacio nasromi samartlis doqtoris akademiuri xarisxis mosapoveblad Tb., 2012; gasanova k. martvis srulyofa municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi. sadisertacio nasromis avtoreferati ekonomikis mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad. mxackala 2012. (Гасанова К. «Совершенствование управления в сфере муниципальных услуг». Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук. Махачкала 2012). filimonova e. municipaluri momsaxureba rusetis federaciasi: samartlebrivi regulireba da realizaciis praqtika. sadisertacio nasromis avtoreferati iuridiul mecnierebata kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad. donis rostovi 2013. (Филимонова Е. «МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫЕ УСЛУГИ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ: ПРАВОВОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ И ПРАКТИКА РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ». АВТОРЕФЕРАТ диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата юридических наук. Ростов-на-Дону 2013). mokosini s. municipaluri momsaxureba, rogorc adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis kompetenciis elementi. sadisertacio nasromis avtoreferati iuridiul mecnierebata kandidatis xarisxis mosapoveblad. belgorodi 2013. (МОШКИН С. 14
«МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫЕ УСЛУГИ КАК ЭЛЕМЕНТ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ ОРГАНОВ МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ». АВТОРЕФЕРАТ диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата юридических наук. Белгород 2013). resetniaki t. municipaluri mmartvelobis xarisxis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmis formireba. sadisertacio nasromis avtoreferati ekonomikis mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad. krasnodari 2013. (Решетняк Т. «Формирование механизма обеспечения качества муниципального управления». диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук. Краснодар 2013). anisimovi a. macvenebelta dabalansebuli sistema, rogorc municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis xarisxis amarlebis instrumenti. sadisertacio nasromis avtoreferati ekonomikis mecnierebata kandidatis samecniero xarisxis mosapoveblad. xabarovski 2015. (АНИСИМОВ И. «СБАЛАНСИРОВАННАЯ СИСТЕМА ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ КАЧЕСТВА ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ МУНИЦИПАЛЬНЫХ УСЛУГ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ГОРОДСКОГО ОКРУГА Г.ХАБАРОВСК). Автореферат диссертации на соискание ученой степени кандидата экономических наук. Хабаровск 2015). CamoTvlili mkvlevarebis udao Rvawlis da mat mier mirebuli Sedegebis miuxedavad, unda arinisnos, rom usualod municipaluri saqmianobis ganvitarebis sakitxebsa da municipaluri momsaxurebis martvis teqnologiebis kvlevas etmoba arasakmarisi yuradreba samecniero publikaciebsi, ramac Tavis mxriv ganapiroba warmodgenili kvlevebis Catareba. amgvarad, problemis aqtualuroba, misi samecniero da praqtikuli Rirebuleba, municipaluri momsaxurebis martvis, municipaluri saqmianobis efeqtianobis amarlebaze orientaciit, sakitxebis arasakmarisi metodologiuri damusaveba, aseve sadiskusio sakitxta farto speqtris arsebobam ganapiroba warmodgenili kvlevis Temis, miznebisa da amocanebis dasaxvis arcevani. 15
nasromis praqtikuli da Teoriuli mnisvneloba mdgomareobs imasi, rom kvlevis processi mirebuli Teoriuli da gamoyenebiti Sedegebi SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnes sajaro mmartvelobis da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis mier municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi efeqtiani mmartvelobiti praqtikis ganxorcielebasi. avtoris mier SemuSavebul debulebebs, daskvnebsa da rekomendaciebs arsebiti wvlili Seaqvs Tanamedrove pirobebsi sajaro mmartvelobis metodebis ganvitarebasi. kvlevis mecnieruli Sedegebi SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis mier sajaro politikis uzrunvelyofis meqanizmis damusavebisas, kvleviti da saganmanatleblo dawesebulebebis mier samecniero angarisebisa da saswavlo programebis momzadebisas, agretve samecniero-kvleviti da sxva dawesebulebebis mier, romlebic dakavebuli arian ganvitarebadi sabazro urtiertobebis pirobebsi municipaluri momsaxurebebis miwodebisa da xarisxis kontrolis problemebit. sakvlevi Temis specifikam gansazrvra sadisertacio nasromis Semdegi arqiteqtonika: Sesavali, literaturis mimoxilva, sami Tavi, daskvna, gamoyenebuli literaturis nusxa, danartebi. disertaciis Sesaval nawilsi ganxilulia sakvlevi Temis aqtualoba, kvlevis mizani da amocanebi, kvlevis obieqti da sagani, gamokvlevis Teoriuli da metodologiuri safuzveli, nasromis mecnieruli siaxle, nasromis praqtikuli mnisvneloba da gamoyenebis sfero, sakvlevi problemis samecniero damusavebis done da literaturis mimoxilva, kvlevis Sedegebis aprobacia. disertaciis ZiriTadi Sedegebi Tavebis mixedvit da zogadi debulebebi, daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi: pirvel TavSi adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis buneba, danisnuleba da nisnebi ganxilulia adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis Camoyalibebisa da ganvitarebis ZiriTadi etapebi. 16
moqmedi konstituciis, sakanonmdeblo aqtebis da sxva saxis samartlebrivi aqtebisa da dokumentebis mixedvit, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebisatvis miniwebuli uflebebi da valdebulebebi, mati realuri, da ara deklarirebuli, damoukideblobis xarisxsi da done. meore TavSi municipaluri momsaxurebebis, rogorc adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis saqmianobis saboloo Sedegebis formireba mocemulia sajaro momsaxurebis cneba, sajaro momsaxurebis klasifikacia, municipaluri momsaxurebis cnebis gageba sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebis sistemasi, municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis xarisxis amarlebis ZiriTadi mimartulebebi, sajaro momsaxureba, rogorc demokratiuli diskursis Semadgeneli nawili. mesame Tavi komunikacia da momsaxureba _ efeqtiani da pasuxismgebluri adgilobrivi xelisuflebis Seqmnis safuzveli (sociologiuri kvlevisa da meoradi sociologiuri kvlevis Sedegebi) Sedgeba Cvens mier Catarebuli kvlevis masalebisagan. kvlevis areali iyo Tbilisis ative raionis (gldani, nazaladevi, didube, CuRureTi, vake, saburtalo, mtawminda, krwanisi, isani, samgori) gamgeoba (interviu), amave raionebis mosaxleoba (gamokitxav), arasamtavrobo organizaciebis (sazogadoebis kvlevis centri, inovaciebisa da ganvitarebis fondi, samartliani arcevnebisa da demokratiis saertasoriso sazogadoeba, samoqalaqo ganvitarebis instituti) da ssip vano xuxunaisvilis saxelobis efeqtiani mmartvelobis sistemis da teritoriuli mowyobis reformis centris warmomadgenlebi (interviu). Catarebuli kvlevis Sedegebma acvenebs, rom mosaxleobis mxolod 42% aris informirebuli gamgeobebis saqmianobis Sesaxeb da endoba mat, Tumca gansxvavebuli monacemebia am mxriv TiToeul raionsi; qalaq Tbilisis raionebsi gamokitxul respodentebis 17
ertiani monacemebit, mxolod 28% Tvlis, rom gamgeobebsi momusave TanamSromlebis kvalifikacia maralia; kvlevis Tanaxmad, Tbilisis ative raionis mosaxleobis mxolod 17% Tvlis, rom gamgeobebsi sajaro moxeleebis mxridan uzrunvelyofilia efeqturi komunikaciis da momsaxurebis marali xarisxi; gamokitxulta ertiani monacemebit, mosaxleobis 58%-s miacnia, rom urtiertobebi sajaro moxeleebtan efuzneba ndobas da xasiatdeba gulwrfelobit; dedaqalaqis macxovreblebis mxolod 24% Tvlis, rom municipaluri servisebi akmayofilebs adgilobrivi mosaxleobis motxovnebs, xolo 29%-s miacnia, rom arsebuli municipaluri servisebis mireba xdeba xarisxianad da operatiulad; rac Seexeba moqalaqeta Tanamonawileobas adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis saqmianobasi, kvlevis mixedvit, Tbilisis mosaxleobis mxolod 25% Tvlis, rom gamgeobebis mxridan uzrunvelyofilia moqalaqeta realuri CarTuloba gadawyvetilebebis mirebis processi. Catarebuli kvlevis mixedvit, armocnda, rom moqalaqeebs ar aqvt sasualeba gamgeobebsi eleqtronuli arxebit miiron municipaluri servisebi da sxvadasxva saxis informacia. ative raionis mosaxleobis mxolod 5% Tvlis, rom gamgeobebi moqalaqeebs stavazoben servisebs komunikaciis aseti formit, xolo 59% amas ar etanxmeba, pasuxis gacema ki uwirs 36%-s. daskvnasi formulirebulia kvlevis ZiriTadi Sedegebi, mocemulia winadadebebi da rekomendaciebi: adgilobrivi xelisuflebis fundamentalur amocanas warmoadgens gaxados xelisufleba efeqtiani da mosaxleobis motxovnilebebze orientirebuli. atvlis wertili _ moqalaqeta sajaro motxovnilebebia. sajaro momsaxureba, sajaro valdebuleba, sajaro mmartvelobis funqciebi warmoadgens am motxovnilebebis dakmayofilebis instrumentebs. 18
municipaluri saqmianobis realizeba xdeba municipaluri momsaxurebis sistemis mesveobit, romelta miwodebac uzrunvelyofs cxovrebis xarisxis garkveuli komponentebis uzrunvelyofas. municipaluri momsaxurebis gawevis procesis martva warmoadgens municipaluri martvis umnisvnelovanes nawils, amitomac municipaluri momsaxurebis sakitxi warmoadgens gasarebs adgilobriv doneze mimdinare yvela socialur-ekonomikuri procesebis gagebisatvis. municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi martvis procesis efeqtianobis amarlebis mnisvnelovan elementebs warmoadgenen: - mosaxleobisatvis sabiujeto momsaxurebis miwodebis kriteriumebis sistema, anu ganzogadebuli macveneblebi, romlebic gamoiyeneba mmartvelobiti gadawyvetilebebis mirebisas. kriteriumebi gagebulia, rogorc nisani, romlis safuzvelzec xdeba miwodebuli momsaxurebis gazomva, da Sesabamisad, am momsaxurebis miwodebisatvis aucilebeli saxsrebis moculoba; - sabiujeto momsaxurebis miwodebisatvis aucilebeli resursebis moculoba. gamoyenebuli unda iyos municipaluri warmonaqmnis finansuri SesaZleblobebis sxvadasxva doneebi sabiujeto momsaxurebis miwodebisatvis; - municipaluri warmonaqmnis teritoriaze komerciuli momsaxurebis mwarmoeblebis gantavsebis sqema. es sqema SemuSavebuli unda iyos adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis mier mowveul eqspertebtan ertad, municipaluri sakutrebis obieqtebis CamonaTvalis safuzvelze, romlebic SeiZleba gadaecet ijarit komerciuli momsaxurebis mwarmoeblebs; - qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis teritoriuli organoebis _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobatasorisi kooperacia mosaxleobisatvis sabiujeto momsaxurebis misawodeblad. gamgeobatasorisi kooperacia sabiujeto momsaxurebis sferosi arsebuli problemebis gadasawyvetad sasualebas mogvcems ara 19
marto racionalurad gamoviyenot adgilobrivi biujetebis saxsrebi, aramed aseve Semcirdeba momxmarebelta dro momsaxurebis SeZenaze; martvis procesis ganuyofel nawils warmoadgens mosaxleobisatvis municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis monitoringi. (statistikuri monacemebi, rogorc qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis CarCoebSi, aseve teritoriuli organoebis _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebis doneze; sociologiuri kvlevebis Sedegad mirebuli macveneblebi). es sasualebas mogvcems SevafasoT ara marto miwodebuli momsaxurebit mosaxleobis kmayofilebis done, aramed aseve SeviswavloT mosaxleobis motxovnilebebi. Cveni azrit, municipaluri momsaxurebis martvis efeqtiani sistemis agebisatvis, SeiZleba gamoiyos Semdegi sakvanzo amocanebi: - mocemul sferosi konkurenciis armocenebisa da ganvitarebisatvis Sesaferisi pirobebis Seqmna mosaxleobisatvis xarisxiani, mravalferovani da xelmisawvdomi municipaluri momsaxurebis mdgradi miwodebisatvis; - Sedegze orientirebuli biujetirebis Performance-based budgeting (PBB) metodebisa da principebis gamoyeneba momsaxurebis gawevaze municipaluri xarjebis martvis praqtikasi, rac, Cveni azrit, xels Seuwyobs minicipaluri momsaxurebis sistemis uzrunvelyofis efeqtianobis amarlebas mati sisrulisa da xarisxis Sefasebis mesveobit; Sedegze orientirebuli biujetirebis danergva uzrunvelyofs sabiujeto resursebis ganawilebas adgilobrivi organoebis miznebis, amocanebisa da funqciebis Sesabamisad, sabiujeto saxsrebis gamoyenebisas sazogadoebrivi mnisvnelobis mosalodneli Sedegebis gatvaliswinebit; - municipaluri momsaxurebis amomwuravi CamonaTvalis formireba, rac sasualebas mogvcems SevqmnaT sainformacio baza adgilobrivi biujetis xarjviti valdebulebebis Sesafaseblad da 20
municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebisatvis. adgilobrivi administraciis saqmianobis Sesabamisoba saqartvelos moqmed kanonmdeblobastan; - xarisxis Sefasebis municipaluri sistemis SemuSaveba, arsebuli resursebis efeqtiani ganawileba, miwodebuli momsaxurebis Sedegianobis amarleba, municipaluri momsaxurebis sistemis dagegmarebisa da monitoringis processi momxmarebelta CarTva; - municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebaze finansuri xarjebis normativebis realizacia gazrdis da aamarlebs adgilobrivi biujetis saxsrebis mimrebta pasuxismgeblobas municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis miznobrivi orientirebis Sesrulebaze, rac, Tavis mxriv, gamoiwvevs sabiujeto saxsrebis gamoyenebis efeqtianobis amarlebas; - municipaluri momsaxurebis standartebis Seqmna, mati moculobisa da xarisxobrivi macveneblebis gansazrvra sasualebas mogvcems avagot municipaluri momsaxurebis martvis Tanamedrove sistema, romelic integrirebuli iqneba socialur-ekonomikuri da sabiujeto dagegmarebis moqmed sistemasi. qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis armasrulebel organota sistemis _ qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis teritoriuli organoebi _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebis funqcionaluri saqmianobis transformacia sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebaze dafuznebuli unda iyos Semdeg principebze: - sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebaze Tanabari xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofis principi; - sajaro momsaxurebis xarisxis uzrunvelyofis principi; - sajaro momsaxurebis miwodebis samartlebrivi da organizaciuli safuzvlebis ertianobis principi; - sajaro momsaxurebis gawevis angarisvaldebulebis principi; 21
- sajaro momsaxurebis gawevis racionalurobisa da optimalurobis principi. qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis armasrulebel organota sistemis _ qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis teritoriuli organoebi _ Tbilisis raionis gamgeobebis saqmianobis xarisxis amarlebis faqtoris, efeqturi komunikaciisa da momsaxurebis sistemis Semdgomi srulyofisatvis, mizansewonilad migvacnia: - SemuSavdes metoduri debulebebi informaciul-analitikuri sistemis formirebisatvis, romelic sasualebas miscems adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebs miiron racionaluri mmartvelobiti gadawyvetilebebi municipaluri momsaxurebis bazris dasaregulireblad; - ganisazrvros municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis monitoringis macveneblebi, romelic miwodebuli momsaxurebit mosaxleobis kmayofilebis xarisxis Sefasebisa da municipaluri warmonaqmnisatvis momsaxurebis prioritetuli saxeebis ganasazrvris xarjze socialur-ekonomikuri sistemebis ganvitarebis perspeqtivebis prognozirebis sasualebas mogvcems. - SemuSavebuli iqnes municipaluri momsaxurebis sferosi martvis informaciuli uzrunvelyofis sqema, romlis gamoyenebac gazrdis mmartvelobiti gadawyvetilebebis mirebis xarisxs da sasualebas mogvcems ufro racionalurad gamoviyenot municipaluri warmonaqmnis resursebi, municipaluri momsaxurebis miwodebis mimdinare mdgomarebis Sefasebisa da mudmivi monitoringis, municipaluri momsaxurebis gawevis sferosi prioritetuli problemebisa da martvis miznebis mirwevis xarisxis dadgenis xarjze. kvlevis Sedegebis aprobacia. disertacia ganxiluli iqna saqartvelos teqnikuri universitetis biznes-injineringis fakultetis sajaro mmartvelobisa da eleqtronuli biznesis 22
departamentis profesor-maswavleblebis, doqtorantebisa da magistrebis ertobliv sxdomaze. Catarda debulebit gatvaliswinebuli ori Tematuri seminari: Tematuri seminari 1 - Tanamedrove saxelmwifo martvis mizani da Sinaarsi. 2014 wlis 4 Tebervali. Tematuri seminari 2 morali, rogorc sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis safuzveli. 2014 wlis 10 ivnisi. Catarda debulebit gatvaliswinebuli sami Tematuri kolokviumi: Tematuri kolokviumi 1 _ adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis efeqtianobis amarlebis umtavresi kriteriumebi (Sesavali, sadisertacio Temis siaxle da sakitxebi). 2014 wlis 10 Tebervali. Tematuri kolokviumi 2 etikuri xasiatis gamowvevebi sajaro samsaxursi. 2014 wlis 17 ivnisi. Tematuri kolokviumi 3 _ efeqturi komunikaciisa da momsaxurebis, rogorc adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebis saqmianobis xarisxis amarlebis faqtorebis analizi. 2015 wlis 7 Tebervali. disertaciis ZiriTadi debulebebi wardgenili iyo saertasoriso samecniero konferenciebze: Samoevi d. efeqtiani komunikacia da momsaxureba sajaro samsaxursi, saqartvelos teqnikuri universitetis biznesinjineringis fakulteti, yovelwliuri saertasoriso samecniero konferencia xelisufleba da sazogadoeba 2013. Samoevi d. profesiuli Rirebulebebisa da etikuri normebis urtiertganpirobebuloba sajaro samsaxursi, saqartvelos teqnikuri universitetis biznes-injineringis fakulteti, yovelwliuri saertasoriso samecniero konferencia xelisufleba da sazogadoeba 2014. 23
kvlevasi formulirebuli ZiriTadi debulebebi asaxulia avtoris Semdeg publikaciebsi: Samoevi d. eleqtronuli mmartvelobis ganvitarebis zogadi tendenciebi saqartvelosi. Ria diplomatiis asociaciis samecniero Jurnali xelisufleba da sazogadoeba (istoria, Teoria, praqtika)., #3 (27), 2013, gv. 20-28. Samoevi d. efeqtiani komunikacia da momsaxureba sajaro samsaxursi. Ria diplomatiis asociaciis samecniero Jurnali xelisufleba da sazogadoeba (istoria, Teoria, praqtika)., #1 (29), 2014, gv. 126-133. Samoevi d. sajaro samsaxuris etika. Ria diplomatiis asociaciis samecniero Jurnali xelisufleba da sazogadoeba (istoria, Teoria, praqtika)., #3 (31), 2014, gv. 99-106. http://www.odageorgia.ge/page=gamocemebi Jurnalis referirebuli masala gantavsebulia saertasoriso samecniero eleqtronul bibliotekasi: http://www.elibrary.ru. 24