Impact of the global maritime container transport on rail traffic in Europe Klaus-Jürgen Uhl, Senior Adviser, MC Mobility Consultants 2016 STA Technical Roundtable 25 October 2016
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Overall objective: Customer requirements Ø Reduce the incidence of transport cost on the total cost of the product Measures to achieve the overall objective: Ø Reduce dead weight Ø Stay on water as long as possible Ø Stay on land as short as possible Ø If on land, by rail or by any ecological combination of mode of transport Consequences: Ø Turn multi-modal Ø Away from the ideology of rail vs. road vs. water Ø Towards the development of customer-oriented transport products
World maritime container transport 11,5% 32 % 44 % 11 % Exis-ng transport flows Forecast transport flows Forecast rail transport flows)
Transport corridors Asia-Europe
Large container vessels MSC Zoe à 19.200 TEU (2015 in operation) OOCL à 21.100 TEU (in constructio 6 à 24.000 TEU (in planning)
Container sizes 53ft 48ft 45ft 40ft 29ft 7
SECU - Stora Enso Cargo Unit (1) A SECU looks like a standard 40-foot ISO Container but is bigger, measuring 13.8 3.6 3.6 m (45 12 12 ft) and which can carry 80 tonnes (79 long tons; 88 short tons) of cargo. This is compared to the normal 12.2 2.7 2.4 m (40.0 8.9 7.9 ft) size and 26.5-tonne (26.1-long-ton; 29.2-short-ton) capacity of an ISO Container. A SECU is too big and heavy to be transported on road. By railway in Sweden. Special rail wagons needed. By ship on ferries only, not on container ships. Ports: Kotka, Oulu, Göteborg, Zeebrugge),Tilbury, Immingham, Lübeck. The benefit is that their much higher weight reduces the number of containers and therefore reduces handling cost. The drawback is that special solutions are needed.
SECU - Stora Enso Cargo Unit (2)
Examples for doublestacked rail infrastructure Australia - double-stacked trains operate between Perth, Adelaide, Darwin and Parkes, New South Wales, 6.5 m (21 ft) clearances China - using double-stacked container trains under 25 kv AC overhead lines. India - Mundra Port and Pipavav Port operate double-stacked diesel trains on 1,676 mm gauge using flat wagons with double stack 9 ft 6 in (2,896 mm) tall (high cube) containers. Netherlands - The Betuweroute, a freight rail between Rotterdam to the German border built in 2007 is prepared for double-stacking insofar that tunnels are being built to accommodate double stack The current catenary wire is too low for double stack rail transport and the upgrade is dependent on the German section of the railway connection. Panama - The rebuilt Panama Canal Railway operates double-stack container trains 47.6 miles (76.6 km) across the Isthmus of Panama from Colón on the Atlantic Ocean, to Balboa on the Pacific, near Panama City. Saudi Arabia - Saudi Railways Organization line to Dammam.
Indian Railway Modernisation of Indian Railway (1) DFC Routes Height Width 4.265 m 7.1 m 5.1m Western Corridor Eastern Corridor 3200 mm 3660 mm Container Stack Western Corridor Eastern Corridor Train Length Train Load 700 m 700/ 1500 m Source: Dedicated Freight Corridors, Salhotra, B (2011), General Manager (Finance & IT), DFCCIL Presentation at IIMA 4,000 Ton 15,000 Ton
Modernisation of Indian Railway (2) Indian Railway DFC Routes Axle Load 22.9 t / 25 t 32.5t/25 t Track Loading density 8.67 t/m 12 t/m Maximum Speed Average Speed 75 Km/h 100 Km/h 25 Km/h 75 Km/h Grade Upto 1 in 100 1 in 200 Source: Dedicated Freight Corridors, Salhotra, B (2011), General Manager (Finance & IT), DFCCIL Presentation at IIMA
Dedicated rail corridors Source: Dedicated Freight Corridors, Salhotra, B (2011), General Manager (Finance & IT), DFCCIL Presenta-on at IIMA
And what happens beyond 2030 (1) 3D prin-ng hmp://www.siemens.com/press/en/feature/2015/mobility/2015-06-ehighway.php 14
And what happens beyond 2030 (2) Compressed air vehicles www.mdi.lu 15
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