Food and Organic Waste Recycling Legislation and MSS CMSA Anaerobic Digestion Case Study Jean A Bonander, Consultant to Marin Sanitary Service League/CSAC Public Works Officials Institute March 10, 2016 The Broad Context California has Set A Target = 40% Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Reduction below 1990 levels by 2025 2030 o Convert Organics to Carbon Negative Fuel = 50% Less Oil by 2030 (10% Less Carbon Intensity by 2020) o Meet Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) = 50% Renewable Energy by 2030 (33% RPS Renewable Energy by 2020) o De Carbonize the Economy = Double Energy Efficiency by 2030 (3 Million Tons GHG Reductions by 2020) o Reduce Short Lived Climate Pollutants (Methane) = 90% Organics Recycling by 2025 (50% Organics Recycling by 2020) o Sequester Carbon into Soil = 15 Million Tons of Compost Use by 2025 (7.5 Million Tons of Compost Use by 2020) By Executive Order B 30 15, SB 350, SB 32
What is AB 1826? GHG reduction law from AB 32 Scoping Plan Not AB 939 Requirements: o By January 2016 Jurisdictions are required to implement program to divert organics generated by businesses o By April 2016 Businesses generating 8 CY organics/week required to have organic waste recycling o Jan 2017 4 CY/week of organics o Jan 2019 4 CY/week of solid waste o 2020 trigger: CalRecycle can reduce to 2 CY of waste if statewide organics disposal not cut in half Multifamily complexes must only divert green waste CalRecycle to review jurisdictions programs CalRecycle to recommend actions re: state s organic recycling infrastructure AB 1826 Jurisdiction Requirements
CalRecycle Guidance on AB 1826 In November 2014 Provided initial guidance on AB 1826 provisions and solicited questions from stakeholders, plus developed a listserv In January 2015 Posted responses to easy questions, announced workshops to discuss other questions/issues In January/February 2015 Developed models of options for what constitutes an organics recycling program re: policies, program variations, etc. In January/March 2015 Provided outreach to industry associations In the Spring 2015 Provided Workshops o o o Developed revised CIWMP Enforcement Policy Developed guidance on what will be expected in Electronic Annual Report (EARs) Provided tools for identifying organics generators In May/June 2015 Finalized guidance (6 months before initial implementation date) In July/December 2015 Promoted tools and resources via local meetings AB 1826 Jurisdiction Requirements January 2016 Implement program Start with outreach, education, monitoring o Organics recycling program o May include mandatory recycling via policy or ordinance, franchise agreement or contract, or requiring material to go through MRF o Identify multiple parameters and barriers, then plan to address barriers under control of jurisdiction August 2017 Begin submitting Electronic Annual Reports (EARs) on education/outreach/monitoring o Including number of regulated businesses that generate organics and amount of recycling organics, and, if available, tonnage that is being diverted o Disposal based methodology and Generator based methodology
Statewide Disposal Study Organic Diversion Materials Food waste (commercial business only) Leaves and Grass Prunings and Trimmings Branches and Stumps Clean Dimensional Lumber Clean Engineered Wood Clean Pallets & Crates
Generator Based Methodology CalRecycle Tool Instruction To The Generator ID Tool for 8 CYD/week 4 CYD/week thresholds o Business Groups SIC codes o Waste Composition Data 2014 Study o Waste Generation Rate Data 2014 data o Organic Material Types Food waste, compostable paper (food solid paper), wood, and green waste Conversion Factors (Density Data) o Helps identify which businesses in your jurisdiction meet the threshold by business type, or helps obtain data on Local Businesses Sources of Information (EED data) o Match the businesses in your jurisdiction to the business types provided AB 876 (McCarty) Signed into law in 2015 o Jurisdictions need to show 15 years of organic processing capacity (zero waste by 2025) o Jurisdictions need to provide an estimate of the amount of organic waste in cubic yards that will be generated in the county or region over a 15 year period (converted from the tonnage calculations). o Jurisdictions need to provide an estimate of the additional organic waste recycling facility capacity in cubic yards that will be needed to process the amount of organic waste. o Jurisdiction needs to include as part of the Annual Report stating on August 1, 2017 as with AB 1826. o Need to use Disposal based Methodology a conflict with existing Generator based Methodology
What Should My Jurisdiction Do Now? Contact the Jurisdiction s Waste Franchisor about plans to comply with AB 1826 Work with your regional Council of Governments (COG), Waste/Recycling Joint Powers Authorities (JPA) and in house resources to identify generators and potential partners Partners businesses and other public agencies that compost, have anaerobic digesters, dehydrators, incinerators, livestock that could handle organic waste diversion Marin Sanitary Service (MSS) & Central Marin Sanitation Agency (CMSA) Case Study Why Food Waste? Food is the second largest source of waste in California o Food waste is about 16% of the Commercial Waste Stream o Food waste is about 25% of the Residential Waste Stream A 2014 Waste Characterization Study conducted by Marin Sanitary Service (MSS) found the following data about food waste going into the Landfill, in Marin County, just north of San Francisco: o It is about 39% of Marin County s Commercial Waste Stream o It is about 29% of Marin County s Residential Waste Stream
What is Food Waste to Energy? CO 2 Methane Engine/Generator Solid Food Waste Anaerobic Digesters at CMSA Electricity for CMSA and future sale Food Waste Receiving and Separation at MSS Transfer Station Biosolids Soil Amendment and Fertilizer Food Waste to Energy: A Public Private Partnership Central Marin Sanitation Agency
MSS Program Details Customer Enrollment o Pre consumer commercial food waste would be collected and then transferred to the MSS Transfer Station for processing to remove contamination and then transported to CMSA. o Eventually include post consumer food waste Roll out plan o Recruit up to 250 commercial food waste producers Continue adding more participants incrementally (3 yr plan) o Program outreach Kitchen staff training Frequent monitoring CMSA Capacity for FOG and Food Waste Digester Solids Treatment Capacity Biogas Biogas 100 % 2nd Cogen unit, fuel cell, or Microturbine 68 % 54 % Excess Capacity Excess Capacity Additional Food Waste Additional Food Waste 20 tons of Food Waste 750 kw (Existing Cogen capacity) 600 kw (Plant load) Export Power Above 600 kw Plant Load 27 % FOG & Food Waste FOG & Food Waste 5,000-gal FOG and 20 tons of Food Waste WW Solids WW Solids Electrical Power to Plant Two Existing Digesters (with improved mixing) Biogas Supply Cogen
MSS & CMSA What are the FOG and Food Waste Program metrics? Amounts Received o FOG: up to 15,000 gallons per day, 6 days a week o Food waste: average 4.5 tons/day, up to 6 days a week Biogas generation increase from 127,000 ft 3 (5 yr average) to over 225,000 ft 3 /per day average. Volatile Solids Averages: 91% for FOG & 91% for Food Waste Digester Hydraulic Residence Time Average: 35 days +/ Co Generator runtime on biogas increased from approximately from 7 9 hours/day up to 16 hours/day. Program Expenses: o CMSA facility cost: $2 million ($1.9 for construction) o MSS equipment cost: $530,000 o MSS operating costs: $315,000 (collection, processing, disposal, outreach) Benefits of the MSS CMSA Program A local renewable energy project Increases CMSA s energy self sufficiency Utilization of existing CMSA asset capacity Potential for CMSA to export energy (future) Reduces greenhouse gas emissions about 2,000 metric tons per year (Cap and Trade value?) Reduces landfilling of food waste, and the reject material is composted Helps achieve local jurisdiction and County of Marin zero waste goals
Why is the MSS CMSA Partnership a Success? Support from the CMSA and MSS Boards of Directors Support from the Marin County Board of Supervisors, central Marin City and Town Councils, and Regulators CMSA Digester and Co Generator had unused capacity Unanticipated Revenue Bond proceeds East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) facility and process used as a model CMSA & MSS staff level partnership during facility design, testing, and start up, daily facility operation and maintenance, and during the on going program administration Future of Food Waste to Energy POTENTIAL EXCESS ENERGY AND METHANE Pipeline injection for other local uses. Send electricity back to the grid. Fuel vehicles
Resources CalRecycle: www.calrecycle.ca.gov California Legislative Information: www.leginfo.legislature.ca.gov CMSA MSS Partnership: o Jason Dow, General Manager, Central Marin Sanitation Agency, 1301 Andersen Drive, San Rafael CA 94903, jdow@centralmarinsa.org o Kimberly Scheibly, Director of Compliance, Customer Services and Communications, Marin Sanitary Service, 1050 Andersen Drive, San Rafael CA 94901, kim.scheibly@marinsanitary.com