Producers of Specialty hemicals Struktol ompany of America 2. Steels orners Road P. O. Box 9 Stow, Ohio 22-9 www.struktol.com OTR Silica Tread With Next eneration Struktol Process Additives Struktol Rubber ab Project 9 Paul anilowicz Benny Bezilla STP25 Phone: () 928-588 ax: () 928-872 Technical Services: -8-27-89 -mail: customerservice@struktol.com
V Blend of fatty acid derivatives P 85 Zn ~5% 9 Blend of fatty acid derivatives P 5 Zn % Y 8 Blend of fatty acid derivatives P 97 Zn ~8% ZB7 Proprietary zinc compound P 2 Zn ~2% esigned to modify sulfur network PS Blend of fatty acid derivatives P 85 Zn % 2 Outline ormulations Mix Spec Rheometer ata Physical Property ata onclusions
2 ormulations 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 79.2 7.2 7.2 Total Stearic acid PS ZB7 9 Y 8 V MS TMQ PP ZnO 2 2 2 2 2 2 ZS2MP 2 2 2 2 2 2 ZS5MP N22.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2 SR - Premass/A9 Mass NRNT B A irst Pass 5 ormulations 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 82.2 79.2 79.2 Total Sulfur TBBS 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 79.2 MB 7.2 MB B 7.2 MB A B A inal Pass
Mix Spec RST PASS MX ROTOR SP 77 RAM PRSSUR ATOR 7 SONS A RUBBR AN PPTZR SONS A BA, SA, ZN OX, PP, TMQ AN ATVS 2 SONS BRUS AN SWP 8 SONS BRUS AN SWP 2 SONS SAR 2N PASS MX SP ROTOR SP 77 RAM PRSSUR SONS OA ½ MB, A URS, RST MB SONS BRUS AN SWP 2 SONS OR 22 SAR Mixing Observations Temp ( ) Probe Temp(º) nergy (W) irst pass comments inal pass comments A (ontrol) 57 8. 228 5 2. 95 5.5 8 5 58 2.2. 89 9 58.2 97 Significantly reduced mix energy for all additives ower drop temperature for all additives 7
Mixing Observations B (ontrol) Temp ( ) 7 Probe Temp(º) 85. nergy (W) 2 irst pass comments inal pass comments 7 72.8 28 2 7.7 2 7 8. 29 9 7. 2 Significantly reduced mix energy for all additives ower drop temperature for all additives 8 Rheometer urves 9
Rheometer urves Rheometer ata ; arc; range; minutes Tech Pro Min Torque Max Torque Ts 2 T 5 T 9 T-2 Reversion A (ontrol). 7.8.8 7.5 8.79..75 75.25.79. 7.9 5.5. 75.7.88.92 8.29 5.9.98 7.8.79 7.8 8.5.2.5 7.8.9 8.8 9.7 7.. 7.8.79.75 7.87. Significantly increased cure state with all additives ower minimum torque with all additives Better reversion resistance with V, Y 8, 9 and ZB7 with the ZS5MP silica ure times approximately equal 5
Rheometer ata ; arc; range; minutes Tech Pro Min Torque Max Torque Ts 2 T 5 T 9 T-2 Reversion B (ontrol)..7.92 7.58 9.7.7 2.9 7.2.9 7.2 8.7.5 2. 7.8 7. 9.8.79.9 9.9.88 7.92 9.5 5.92 2.2 7..8 8.7.2.79.7 7.9. 7.79 9..79 Significantly increased cure state with all additives ower minimum torque with all additives Better reversion resistance with Y 8 and 9 with the ZS2MP silica ure times approximately equal 2 Mooney M (+) @ age mooney nitial M (+) nitial week M (+) nitial 2 weeks M (+) nitial weeks M (+) A (ontrol) 8.. 2.. 9.. 9.5. 75. 5.7 5.9.2 5.9 95. 55.2 77. 5. 97.5 58.2 9.2 59. 98. 58.7 8 5. 9. 57.2 89. 57. 9. 58.8 8. 5. 8..8 7...2 8. 5.8 5. 59.2 98.9 59.5 2.2 ecreased viscosity for better processability with all additives Better viscosity control with time providing more stable stock storage 58.7
Mooney M (+) @ age mooney nitial M (+) nitial week M (+) nitial 2 weeks M (+) nitial weeks M (+) B (ontrol) 98.5 72. 2. 8 8. 77.7 89. 85.. 2. 9. 7. 22. 7. 27.. 92.9 2. 27. 7.7. 7.5 52. 8. 9. 2. 29.9 8.2 8.9 8. 5.2 9.2 97.7.5. 7.2 7. 7.2 75. 72.8..8.7 72. 8. 7. 57. 7.8 ecreased viscosity for better processability with all additives Better viscosity control with time providing more stable stock storage Tensile ata Unaged ure time @ Shore A uro Tensile long (%) % 2% % A (ontrol) 5 7 9 7 7 9 25. 25. 25. 2.8 2. 2.2 555 5 5 52 522 52 2. 2.9.. 2.7 2..8 7.5 7.7 8. 7. 7.2...9.2 2.9 igher hardness and modulus for all additives Tensile and elongation approximately equal for all additives 5 7
Tensile ata Unaged ure time @ Shore A uro Tensile long (%) % 2% % B (ontrol) 5 2.7 5 2..5 2. 9 25. 5 2.7 7.. 7 25. 528 2.7 7..2 7 2.2 57 2. 7. 2. 7 2.8 55 2. 7. 2.8 7 2. 57.9 igher hardness and modulus for all additives Tensile and elongation approximately equal for all additives Oven Aged 7 rs @ º Sample Shore A Points Tensile long % % 2% Pct % Mod Pct A 7 9 22. - -2..8. 7. 7.. 77 2.2-5.5 2-2.5 5. 72.. 5.7.7 28.5 7 7 2. -9. -2.9.7 5.7.7 9.. 2. 77 2.8 -. 8-25.8 5. 8. 2. 5.9 7.8 28. 77 2.2 -.2 89-25.5 5. 88.9.9.8 7..8 7 5 2.7 -.5 25-8.9. 5. 5.8 5.9 2. Rate of change after oven aging for hardness, modulus and elongation approximately equal to control 7 8
Oven Aged 7 rs @ º Sample Shore A Points Tensile long % % 2% % Mod B 7 9 2-9. -8.. 9..7...2 75 2. -7. 98-27..7 7.. 5.7. 27.7 75 8 2. -. 8-2.8.8 77.8. 5.8.9 28. 7 7 2.7 -. 8-22.2.9 88.5.. 7. 5.7 7 7 22. -.9 9-2. 5. 92..7.8 7.5.7 7 7 2.9 -. 29-2..2 8.. 5.7. 28. Rate of change after oven aging for hardness, modulus and elongation approximately equal to control 8 Tear Strength ASTM 2 ie N/MM ie 2º ie º Trouser Tear 2º Trouser Tear º ie B 2º ie B º A (ontrol) 2. 7.7 58.. 27.. 9.8. 58.2 2..9. *. 99.9 7.9. 2.8. * 9.8 95. 5.8 8.. 28.2.5 97.8.9. 8..9..2 57. 5.8. 9. * qual to better tear for additives Y 8 and 9 9 9
Tear Strength ASTM 2 ie N/MM ie 2º ie º Trouser Tear 2º Trouser Tear º ie B 2º ie B º B (ontrol).2 9.9.7 5.8 8. 2..5 7.. 2.9. *.7.8 79.9 5.9 7.. * 5.2.. 2. 5. 2.. 7.5 7. 8... 9.7 8.. 57. 8. 9.7 * qual to better tear for additives Y 8 and 9 2 eat Build Up 25 lb. Weight;.25 Throw; 5 minute test ure time uro Temp A (ontrol) 58 7 7 5.8 2..8.2 7. 7.7 ower heat build-up for all additives 2
eat Build Up 25 lb. Weight;.25 Throw; 5 minute test ure time uro Temp B (ontrol) 2 2 2.2 2 55. 2 55. 2 2 5.2 2 2. 2 59.2 Significantly lower heat build-up for all additives 22 apillary Rheometer ata, 8 sec preheat ie / ratio: 5:: 9 entrance angle: mm orifice Apparent Stress (Pa) Apparent (Pa-s) Apparent Stress (Pa) Apparent (Pa-s) Shear 5/s 5/s /s /s A (ontrol) 2, 77,7 28.7 55.2 29,22 2,9 8.8 2.89 8,9. 28,8 28.8 8,8 7. 2,28 2.27 88,9 77. 29,8 29.82 79,5 59.9 25,8 25.7 Significantly reduced apparent viscosity with all additives Better xtrudability ess scrap/workaway 2
apillary Rheometer ata, 8 sec preheat ie / ratio: 5:: 9 entrance angle: mm orifice Apparent Stress (Pa) Apparent (Pa-s) Apparent Stress (Pa) Apparent (Pa-s) Shear 5/s 5/s /s /s B (ontrol) 2,9 52. 7, 7. 28,8 28,8 2,28 2,2 222,89 7.7 7.7 22. 2.2 5.8 2,87 2,2 2,87 29,79 2, 2.8 2.9 2.8 29.7 2.2 Significantly reduced apparent viscosity with all additives Better extrudability ess scrap/workaway 2 MR Tension/ompression/ylindrical / Z OMPOUN Tan delta/ average of / 2c Tan delta/ average of / c A (ontrol).5..29..9.8....9.88.9 Reduction of Tan elta with all additives provides lower tire operating temperatures 25 2
MR Tension/ompression/ylindrical / Z OMPOUN B (ontrol) Tan delta/ average of / 2c.78.5.5..5.2 Tan delta/ average of / c.8...5.9.8 Significant reduction of Tan elta with all additives provides lower tire operating temperatures 2 onclusions Struktol Additives Provide Reduced mix energy. ncreased cure state. Better reversion resistance. Reduced viscosity for better processability/ extrudability (less scrap/workaway). igher hardness and modulus. qual to better tear. ower heat build-up. ower tan delta providing cooler running temperatures. 27