PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR FELDA FOOTBALL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS SYSTEM FOR FELDA FOOTBALL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM KHALIL SALAH A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Software Engineering Advanced Informatics School (AIS) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia JUNE, 2013

v 3 ABSTRACT Football Performance Analysis System (FPAS) is used to manage football competitions by storing each match s data during the match. The system focuses on some important data related to the game. The data gathering process is being recorded on papers which can cause inaccuracy in generating reports and analyzing data. By using a tool to record data during a match and generating some analytical and statistical information at the end of the match, the level of game-play by each player can be examined and used for comparison purposes. To make it happen, a system is designed and developed for portable devices called FPAS. The target operating system for FPAS is Android and the process model used in development of the application is called Improved Extreme Programming which is an agile model based on Extreme Programming (XP). By applying a set of corrections on XP method, besides having a high quality and tested software system, the documentation also improved. The delivered development documents are SRS, SDD, STR and SUM.

vi 4 ABSTRAK Sistem Analisa Prestasi Bolasepak (Football Performance Analysis System - FPAS) adalah digunakan untuk mengurus sesuatu pertandingan bola sepak dengan menyimpan data setiap perlawanan semasa pertandingan. Sistem ini memfokuskan kepada beberapa data penting yang berkaitan dengan perlawanan. Pengumpulan data direkod secara bertulis yang mana boleh menyebabkan ketidak tepatan dalam menghasilkan laopran dan analisis data. Dengan menggunakan alat untuk merekodkan data dalam sesuatu perlawanan dan menghasilkan beberapa maklumat analitikal dan statistik pada akhir perlawanan, tahap permainan setiap pemain dapat diperiksa dan digunakan untuk tujuan perbandingan.untuk mengatasi hal ini, satu sistem telah direka dan dibangunkan untuk perkakasan mudah alih yang dikenali sebagai FPAS. Sistem operasi yang disasarkan untuk FPAS ialah Android dan model proses yang digunakan dalam pembangunan aplikasi ini dinamakan sebagai Pengaturcaraan Ekstrem (Improved Extreme Programming) yang lebih baik. Pengaturcaraan Ekstrem yang lebih baik ini merupakan model pintar dan tangkas berdasarkan kepada Pengatucaraan Ekstrem (Extreme Programming) (XP). Dengan menggunakan satu set pembetulan pada kaedah XP, di samping mempunyai kualiti yang tinggi dan sistem perisian yang telah diuji, dokumentasi telah bertambah baik. Pembangunan dokumen-dokumen yang dihantar adalah SRS, SDD, STR dan SUM.

vii 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER TITLE PAGE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT ABSTRAK TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF APPENDICES LIST OF ACRONYMS iv v vi vii x xi xiii xiv 1 PROJECT OVERVIEW 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Company Background 1 1.2.1 FELDA United Football Club 2 1.3 Project Background 3 1.4 Problem Statement 4 1.5 Project Objective 4 1.6 Significant of Project 5 1.7 Project Scope 5 1.8 Deliverables of Project 6

viii 1.9 Summary 6 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 2.1 Introduction 7 2.2 Role of Performance Analysis in Sports 8 2.2.1 Performance Analysis for Coaches 9 2.2.2 Performance Analysis for Athletes 10 2.2.3 Performance Analysis in Football 11 2.3 Existing Sports Management and Performance Analysis Software Systems 14 2.3.1 Football Management Software Systems 15 2.3.2 Football Performance Analysis Software Systems 16 2.4 Software Development 22 2.4.1 Android Operating System 22 2.4.2 Software Engineering Methods 25 2.5. Summary 38 3 PROJECT METHODOLOGY 39 3.1 Introduction 39 3.2 Software Development Methodology 39 3.2.1 Android Development 40 3.2.2 Software Process Model 41 3.2.3 Software Techniques and Tools 44 3.2.4 Standards 44 3.3. Summary 45 4 PROJECT DISCUSSIONS 46 4.1 Introduction 46

ix 4.2 Application Development 46 4.2.1 Improved Extreme Programming 47 4.2.2 Use Case Diagram 47 4.2.3 Android Development 49 4.3 Performance Analysis Systems 49 4.4 Annotation Data Formation 50 4.5 Usage of Statistical Information 54 4.6 Summary 56 5 CONCLUSION 57 5.1. Introduction 57 5.2. Research 58 5.3. Development 58 5.4. Further Studies 59 REFERENCES 60

x 6 LIST OF TABLES TABLE NO. TITLE PAGE Table 2-1 Comparison between Manual and Computerized Annotations 13 Table 2-2 Comparison between Manual, Video, and RFID Annotations 14 Table 2-3 A portion of Raw Data Produced by OPTA 19 Table 2-4 Teams Statistical Information Produced by Analyzing of Raw Data 20 Table 2-5 Usage of Different Android Versions 23 Table 2-6 HeavyWeight models and Agile Models Comparison Table 32 Table 2-7 Strengths and Weaknesses of Waterfall, Incremental, and Spiral Models 34 Table 2-8 Different Agile Methods Comparison 35 Table 2-9 Comparison of Agile Methodologies 37 Table 3-1 Top Smartphone Operating Systems' Market Share 41 Table 4-1 Actions Reference Table of FPAS 51 Table 4-2 Annotated Data Sample from FPAS 52

xi 7 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE NO. TITLE PAGE Figure 2-1 Coaching Performance Improvement Cycle 9 Figure 2-2 Coach/Athlete Performance Feedback 10 Figure 2-3 Relation between Football Performance Analysis Application, Database and different Annotation Systems 12 Figure 2-4 Action Recording and Analysis by Statzpack app 21 Figure 2-5 Illustration of Distribution in Different Versions of Android 24 Figure 2-6 Basic Waterfall Model 28 Figure 2-7 Iterative and Incremental Model 29 Figure 2-8 Spiral Model 30 Figure 2-9 Rapid Application Development 31 Figure 3-1 Software Development Methodology Used in FPAS Development 40 Figure 3-2 Development Phases in Improved XP Model 42 Figure 3-3 Applying Improved XP on Sub-Developments in a Recursive Mode 43 Figure 4-1 Use Case Diagram 48 Figure 4-2 Database Tables for Annotation 51

xii Figure 4-3 Statistical Information of Annotated Matches by Players, Teams and Games 54

xiii 8 LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX TITLE A B C D Software Requirements Specification (SRS) Software Design Document (SDD) Software Test Description (STD) Software User s Manual (SUM)

xiv 9 LIST OF ACRONYMS App - Application AVD - Android Virtual Device FC - Football Club FPAS - Football Performance Analysis System IA - Industrial Attachment IDC - International Data Corporation IDE - Integrated Development Environment OS - Operating System RFID - Radio-Frequency Identification SDD - Software Design Document SDK - Software Development Kit SRS - Software Requirements Specification STD - Software Test Description SUM - Software User s Manual UI - User Interface XML - Extensible Markup Language XP - Extreme Programming

CHAPTER 1 10 PROJECT OVERVIEW 1.1 Introduction Football Management System is a system which is used to manage football competitions by storing each match s data during the match. The system focuses on some important data related to the game such as total completed passes, total uncompleted passes, total shots on target, total shots off target by players, and etc. At the end of each match the coach or the coaching team can have special reports (which can be statistical or table reports) on each player and on the whole match. 1.2 Company Background Federal Land Development Authority established on 1956. It is a Malaysian government agency initially founded to handle the resettlement of rural poor into newly developed areas and to organize smallholder farms growing cash crops. As of

2 the 1990s, it no longer establishes new settlements, but engages in a diversified range of economic development and business activities. The main activities of this company are: i. Conducting and performing projects on development of lands. ii. Promoting, facilitating and implementing the development, management and economic, social, agriculture, settlements, industrial and commercial as well as some other secondary activities in its area. iii. Implementing activities to help modernize agriculture. iv. Helping, guiding, advising, and managing social activities, settlements, agriculture, industrial and commercial development in the schemes. Beginning April 2004, FELDA was placed under the Prime Minister's Department and the minister responsible for it is Dato' Sri Mohd Najib Tun Razak, Prime Minister of Malaysia (FELDA, 2013). 1.2.1 FELDA United Football Club FELDA United Football Club was formed on 2007 to participate in Malaysian FAM Cup on 2007. The objective of the establishment of FELDA United was to encourage the participation of its settlers, especially in sports. It was initiated by FELDA and the then Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia was in charge of it. Its home ground is the Petronas stadium in Selangor. Their nickname is Budak FELDA, and their supporters slogan is Serang Bang Serang, which roughly translates to "attack" (Wikipedia, 2013b).

3 1.3 Project Background Management abilities or leadership is a necessary part of any kind of business or other social activities. Also in sport, the coach should have management abilities to be able to perform his leadership duties (Kellett, 1999). In order to have effective management decisions, coaches need to have enough analytical information on each player and also to have useful analytical information, they also need to have statistical information about each game, and players performance in each game. As Snee and Hoerl (2004), mentioned in their article, Statistical Leadership, statistical information are some kind of data which are in danger of risk. Their main discussion is about the new techniques and technologies to gather and analyze statistical information like a traditional statistician. Statisticians focused on data analysis because there was no infrastructure in place for others to do this. Data analysis was considered a separate job, removed from the process that created the data (Snee & Hoerl, 2004). Statistics can provide the main information needed in any kind of activities such as engineering, business leadership, government officials and social activities and also sports (Snee & Hoerl, 2004). To be more specific, in case of football management, by using a tool to record data during a match and generate some analytical and statistical information at the end of the match the level of game-play by each player can be examined and compared with their individual contribution in previous matches. The data can be entered by one or more information entry clerk and can be broken down to individual players. After a while there will be a collection of useful data about the team which can show how players are doing and they (the coach, the players and the management team of a club) can know their weakness, their quality and their performance. This project concentrates on performance analysis and is a part of main FELDA Football Management System project.

4 1.4 Problem Statement Any data gathered from any source of data have to be analyzed in order to have special meaning. In a same way, the data comes from a football match should illustrate the performance of the team and also each individual players. In some cases, this process is still being recorded on papers which can cause inaccuracy in generating reports and even they may be useless without any data processing. If the data is stored on paper, and if it is assumed that the analyzed information are accurate, the process of analyzing will be a tedious job, moreover, the management process on this kind of data is also a time consuming process. In addition, the person who is in charge of doing analysis, need to have special skills. In some cases the coach and management team may have the recorded video of the football match which can help them to see the drawbacks of their team but it is useful for fast decisions in a short time. In order to have the history of their players performance, they need to record it somewhere. By using a software system the user will input data and the system will analyze and generate required information just with some clicks. Moreover, the data will be archived and kept for further references. 1.5 Project Objective The objectives of this project are: To review the existing systems in football annotation and performance analysis area To develop Football Performance Analysis System for FELDA United Football Club which targets Mobile Devices based on Android OS

5 To test the developed system 1.6 Significant of Project In any football match, or even other matches which are team-playing games, it is not easy for coaches to remember different events and happenings during the match. And also an analysis based on precise supervision can improve the future performance of the team or even individual players. So performance analysis can have a significant role in developing and managing a team in this case football team. Besides, having the information about previous matches and analyzed information on players can create a historical record for the team and can be used as a guideline for future decisions by management team. 1.7 Project Scope Scopes of this project are: Develop the system based on mobile devices (Tablets and/or Smartphones) Applicable on Android operating systems Exclusively for FELDA United FC

6 1.8 Deliverables of Project For the Performance Analysis part of FELDA Football Management System, the following items are delivered: An application which will be run on Android System Related development documents o Software Requirement Specification (SRS) o Software Design Description (SDD) o Software Test Description (STD) o Software User Manual (SUM) 1.9 Summary Each software system is produced to cover needs of a specific real system. In order to be able to cover all aspects of functionalities of the system, there should be an investigation on it. This application which is made to be used in football industry is developed to simplify the process of recording match annotations and getting its reports. To maintain the mobility, the application is developed to be used on mobile devices based on Android operating system. Development documents are provided as well to help maintainability.

60 6 REFERENCES Android. (2013a). Andorid Developers. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://developer.android.com/index.html Android. (2013b). Platform Versions. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://developer.android.com/about/dashboards/index.html#platform Awad, M. A. (2005). A Comparison between Agile and Traditional Software Development Methodologies. http://pds10.egloos.com/pds/200808/13/85/a_comparision_between_agile_a nd_traditional_sw_development_methodologies.pdf Bishop, Dan. (2013). How performance analysis can improve your coaching methods. Retrieved 28/02/2013, 2013 Carling, Christopher, Williams, A. Mark, & Reilly, Thomas (2005). Handbook of Soccer Match Analysis (Vol. 1). New York: Routledge. CASEMaker. (2000). What is Rapid Application Development? Retrieved from http://www.casemaker.com/download/products/totem/rad_wp.pdf FELDA. (2013). Official Website Federal Land Development Authority. from http://www.felda.net.my/ Hamli, Mohamed-Yamin. (2012). Opta Sports: We can help with player recruitment by using our stats. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://sportbuzzbusiness.fr/in-english/opta-sports-we-can-help-with-playerrecruitment-by-using-our-stats-19446 Hughes, Mike. (2005). From Analysis to Coaching - The Need for Objective Feedback. Retrieved 28/02/2013, 2013, from http://www.coachesinfo.com/index.php?option=com_content&id=305&item..

61 IDC. (2012). Smartphone Operating Systems Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://www.idc.com/getdoc.jsp?containerid=prus23818212#.uth6kl2wod W ItProPortal. (2004). Comparison of Various Software Development Life Cycle. Retrieved 04/03/2013, 2013, from http://www.itproportal.com/2010/07/04/comparison-various-softwaredevelopment-life-cycle/ John, Nicholas, & Gotoh, Yoshi. (2012). Tracking Player Positions From a Football Broadcast. http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/intranet/teaching/public/projects/archive/l31112/pd f/njohn_project_complete.pdf Kellett, Pamm. (1999). Organisational Leadership: Lessons from Professional Coaches. Sport Management Review, 2(2), 150-171. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1441-3523(99)70094-x Munassar, Nabil Mohammed Ali, & Govardhan, A.. (2010). A Comparison Between Five Models Of Software Engineering. 7(5), 94-101. http://www.ijcsi.org/papers/7-5-94-101.pdf Simicic, Martina. (2011). Managing Agile Software Development Projects: Best Ptactices and Project Management Tools. (Master), University of Zagreb, Croatia. Retrieved from http://agile-only.com/master-thesis/softwaredm/agile-s-dm/c-of-am Snee, Ronald D., & Hoerl, Roger W.. (2004). Statistical Leadership. STATISTICS ROUNDTABLE. Retrieved 22/02/2013, 2013, from http://asq.org/qualityprogress/2004/10/statistics-roundtable/statistical-leadership.html Sorensen, Reed (2009). A Comparison of Software Development Methodologies. http://www2.engr.arizona.edu/~ece473/readings/2- Comparison%20of%20Software%20Development%20Methodologies.doc Spataru, Andrei Cristian (2010). Agile Development Methods for Mobile Applications. (Master of Science), University of Edinburgh. Sport, English Institute of. (2010). Performance Analysis. Retrieved 27/02/2013, 2013, from http://www.eis2win.co.uk/pages/performance_analysis.aspx

62 Stergiou, Pro, & Katz, Larry. (2013). Performane Analysis in Sport. http://www.ucalgary.ca/strl/research/pas Swedberg, Claire. (2012). RFID Helps Soccer Teams Keep Their Eye on the Ball, and Their Players. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://www.rfidjournal.com/article/articleview/9315/1/1/ Vogel, Lars (2013, 20/01/2013). Android Development Tutorial Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://www.vogella.com/articles/android/article.html Wikipedia. (2013a). Android. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/android_(operating_system) Wikipedia. (2013b). FELDA United F.C. Retrieved 28/02/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/felda_united_f.c. Wikipedia. (2013c). Iterative and Incremental Development. Retrieved 04/03/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/iterative_and_incremental_development Wikipedia. (2013d). Opta Sports. Retrieved 02/03/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/opta_sports Wikipedia. (2013e). Rapid Application Development. Retrieved 04/03/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/rapid_application_development Wikipedia. (2013f). Waterfall Model. Retrieved 04/03/2013, 2013, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/waterfall_model