Summary of the Progress Review of the Improvement of self-sufficiency and sustainability in sanitation waste and energy project in Bahir Dar (SAWE) The teacher and leader of the school environmental club of Meskerem 6 school, Ato Lemeyehu Wondia, watering his papaya in his house by diluted urine. Project Code ETI 238580 November 200 Arto Suominen Kari Silfverberg Aino-Maija Kyykoski 33 27
. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Improvement of self-sufficiency and sustainability in sanitation, waste and energy project in Bahir Dar (SAWE) started in February 2009 and is expected to be phased out in December 20. The Project is located in four Kebeles of Bahir Dar: Fasilo, Sefene Selam, Gish Abay and Belay Zeleke. Total number of inhabitants in these four Kebeles is estimated to be,062. Project total budget (Finland and Ethiopia) is Euro 248,522 from which self financing is Euro 37,70 (5 %) and support from Government of Finland is Euro 2,352 (85 %). The Total budget agreed with the Bahir Dar City Administration is Birr,262,258. The main objective of the Project is to alleviate poverty by improving environmental sanitation and waste management situation of the city of Bahir Dar. The more specific objectives are: enhanced community awareness, the knowledge and participation of urban dwellers in solid and liquid waste management and reduced health hazards caused by poor sanitation situation significantly in the selected four Kebeles. The expected outputs of the Project are: establishment of four Youth Groups (0 members in each) as sustainable Small Micro Enterprise Cooperative Societies, establishment of urban agriculture site to be managed by Youth Groups, construction of three integrated sanitation facilities with toilets, showers, biogas and cafeteria managed by three youth groups, establishment of one drymobile toilet managed by one youth group, construction of six functional urine diversion dry toilets and demonstrating the composting and use of urine as fertilizer in urban agriculture sites. The leading partners of the project are: The Environment & Development Society of Ethiopia (LEM Ethiopia), leading the Project in Ethiopia, Sustainable Future NGO (Kestävä tulevaisuus ry, (KeTu)) Tampere, Finland, leading the Project in Finland. Other supporting partners are: Finland Ethiopia Friendship Society (Suomi Etiopia seura), Technology for Life (Tekniikka elämää palvelemaan, TEP) and Global Dry Toilet Association of Finland (Käymäläseura Huussi). The Project is implemented with six Bahir Dar City Administration offices namely: Finance and Local Economy Development Office, Women Development Office, Service Office, Health Office, Agriculture Office and Micro and Small Scale Trade and Industry Office. Nearly 2/3 of the project period has passed and therefore project partners agreed to carry out Project Progress Review. This review is expected to provide guidance to the Project to complete its major outputs in project period and pave the way for the Joint Project Review by major local stakeholders on 200 or early 20. Mr. Arto Suominen, Chief Technical Advisor of Government of Finland funded bi-lateral Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project in Western Nepal and Mr. Kari Silfverberg, Project Coordinator at the Environment Centre of the City of Helsinki, Finland were invited to lead the review team. Ms Aino-Maija Kyykoski, Project Manager of the SAWE Project in Finland, located at TAMK, and Dr. Marja-Leena Salin, health sector freelance consultant volunteered to assist the review team. Also Mr. Mogues Worku, Executive Director of LEM Ethiopia participated the review for few days in Bahir Dar. The review was carried out in Addis Ababa (few days) and in Bahir Dar during a period of October 0-25, 200.
The major findings and recommendations of the progress review mission are: The major obstacle in Project implementation has been the acquiring of the land for urban agriculture and for integrated sanitation facilities. Now this obstacle has been mostly solved and the Project is in a position to progress. The four Youth Groups have been established in mid 2009 as Small Micro Enterprise Cooperative Societies, and members of the groups have been trained in urban agriculture. Due to the unavailability of land they have not been in a position to practice their skills and start the business. The Youth Groups, Urban Agriculture site and Integrated Sanitation Facilities (ISF) do not have any business and management plans. The designs of the ISFs were presented to the mission in Bahir Dar. The mission commented the designs and recommends LEM Ethiopia urgently to prepare business and management plans for the established Youth Groups and ISFs in order to guarantee their sustainable operation and management. The mission found out that the project coordination and communication need to be improved by systematizing the reporting and dissemination of progress reports and plans in Bahir Dar City Administration Offices and Kebele Cabinets regular meetings. The mission recommends bringing the Health Extension Workers (HEW) into the Project Implementation as they already exist in three of the four Kebeles. This reinforces the Project more to the City stakeholders and through HEWs the project can be integrated to the community. The capacity of the project staff in Bahir Dar need to be strengthened. LEM Ethiopia is requested to provide short term technical support to the Bahir Dar Office in technical supervision and training. Furthermore the Bahir Dar office need more support and capacity building is project management. The mission considers the Small Micro Enterprise Cooperative Societies (Youth Groups) as a project backbone. Therefore LEM Ethiopia should focus more on the development and capacity building of these groups. The mission observed tension between the Youth Groups and Bahir Dar Office staff. This tension should be removed in order to create enabling environment to develop these business units. The mission found out that there was no evidence of impacts of the city cleaning campaigns organized by the project. It was also found out that Kebele offices and Dream Light PLC, private company to whom the Bahir Dar solid waste management has been outsourced, are organizing city clean-up campaigns with bigger scale. It is therefore recommended to abandon the project clean-up campaigns and participate in the campaigns organized by the Kebeles. The urine use trainings given for school environmental clubs was found to be successful. The mission visited one school environmental club leader house, where he was practicing the urine use as fertilizer. The mission recommends continuing the ecological sanitation awareness creation through schools in close coordination and collaboration with other NGOs, who also support school environmental clubs such as The Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society (EWNHS). The mission found out that the baseline studies have not been done and no benchmarks to measure the project success have been established. The further investigation revealed that actually Dream Light Plc has already conducted baseline data collection on solid waste management and the data was made available to the mission and the project. It was furthermore found out that HEWs as part the urban health extension service program has conducted recently baseline study in Belay Zeleke Kebele. The baseline data collection is
ongoing in Fasilo and Gish Abay Kebeles. The baseline data collection of Sefene Selam Kebele is still waiting for the employment of Health Extension Workers. The mission recommends LEM Ethiopia to get access to this baseline data and analyze it. If further data is needed it is proposed that rapid assessment in randomly selected 0 households per Kebele would be carried out with close cooperation of recently appointed HEWs, Bahir Dar City Administration Health Office and with possible assistance from Bahir Dar University students. The mission impression is that the actual health impacts of the project will be minimal and nearly impossible to prove that the impacts have been caused by the project. The mission sees that the successful establishment of sustainable business units (Youth Groups operating Integrated Sanitation Facilities and managing urban agriculture) will have an impact to the future development of Bahir Dar City solid and liquid waste management. There is a need to follow-up closely the development of Integrated Solid Waste Management Plan of Bahir Dar City, currently in development process by the Ethiopia Forum for Environment in order to link the project demonstration of decentralized waste water treatment into the plan. The ownership of the Project was found not satisfactory. This was mainly the result of the poor coordination and communication discussed earlier. The mission recommends continuing the project at least 6 months more with the existing budget and funds in order to ensure the sustainable operation of the Integrated Sanitation facilities by the Youth Groups. The mission also recommends carrying out Joint Project Review (JPR) with major local partners and to develop and propose the possible extension officially to concerned authorities. The mission recommends the JPR also to look for the sustainability of Small Microcredit Enterprise Cooperative Societies as well as land and facility ownership issues by the Small Micro Enterprise Cooperative Societies after the phasing out of the Project. Special consideration should be given to the possibility to support Urban Total Sanitation efforts of the Bahir Dar City to change the behavior of its dwellers in hygiene and sanitation by using Community Led Total Sanitation approach and tools in close collaboration and coordination with Health Extension Workers.
2. GENERAL DATA OF THE PROJECT Name of the Project Improvement of self-sufficiency and sustainability in sanitation waste and energy project in Bahir Dar (SAWE) Project number ETI 238580 Sector/sub-sector Social Development/water supply and sanitation Type of the Project Urban waste management Project Period Jan. 2009 - Dec.20 Starting date.2.2009 Project Scale The Total budget agreed with the BDCA is Birr,262,258. External support Overall objective Specific Objectives Expected Outputs Expected results Address of the project location Name of the local partner organization Name of the partner in Finland Other Finnish consortium members Address of the local partner in Addis Ababa Partners and co-operation associations in Bahir Dar M&E Total number of beneficiaries is,062 and they are from four Kebeles of Bahir Dar: Sefene Selam (25,407), Gish Abay (24,206) Fasilo (30,340) and Belay Zeleke (3,09). Source: ANRS Finance and Economic Development, Hamle 2000. Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland The poverty alleviated and environmental sanitation and waste management situation of the city of Bahir Dar improved a) Enhanced community awareness, the knowledge and participation of urban dwellers in solid and liquid waste management, b) Reduced the health hazards caused by poor sanitation situation significantly in the selected four Kebeles a) Four Youth Groups (0 members in each) established as Small Micro Enterprise Cooperative Societies b) Urban Agriculture Site established to be managed by each Youth Group c) Three buildings having toilets, showers, biogas and cafeteria built and managed by three youth groups d) One organized dry-mobile toilet established and managed by one youth group e) Six functional urine diversion dry toilets established f) Composting and use of urine used as fertilizer in urban agriculture a) Community awareness and knowledge of dwellers about source separation of waste, importance of safe sanitation and improved hygiene b) Improved Waste management in the households of the four Kebeles c) Improved health and sanitation situation d) Relevant researches carried out by e) Increased urban agriculture, use of urine and faeces as fertilizers Ethiopia, Amhara Region, Bahir Dar, Kebeles: Gish Abay, Sefene Selam, Fasilo and Belay Zeleke The Environment & Development Society of Ethiopia (LEM Ethiopia) Sustainable Future NGO (Kestävä tulevaisuus ry) Tampere, Finland a) Finland Ethiopia Friendship Society (Suomi Etiopia seura), b) Technology for Life (Tekniikka elämää palvelemaan, TEP), c) Global Dry Toilet Association of Finland (Käymäläseura Huussi) Tel. 25--552982/25 or +25--55002, Fax 25--55385, e-mail ledse@ethionet.et, P.O. Box 8632 Addis Ababa-Ethiopia; Web-site: www.lem.org.et University of Bahir Dar, City of Bahir Independent Progress Review and Joint Project Review with Local Government and beneficiaries carried out
Fasilo biogas toilets Lem Ethiopia office and Bahir Dar city administration Belay Zeleke biogas toilets Gish Abay biogas toilets Bahir Dar city map and biogas toilets and urban agriculture site locations. Urban agriculture sites further on the east from the city
The Kebeles selected for the SAWE project are: Fasilo, Gish Abay, Sefene Selam and Belay Zeleke. The map below describes the locations of the Kebeles and their total population. Four Kebeles of Bahir Dar and their populations 30,340 25,407 Fasilo Sefene Selam Gish Abay Belay Zeleke 24,206 3,09
Trainings conducted so far by the project 2009 No Venue Subject of training Invited lecturer Participants The date No of Participants training days F M Total conducted JeCCDO Project launching for 6 28 34 Dr.Aeyalew from BHDU, Ato Moges from Decision makers and stakeholders On March decision makers LEM and W/ro Belayenesh from BHDCA 2 JeCCDO Workshop for key actors 27 38 Dr.Aeyalew from BHDU, Ato Moges from Kebele leaders, CBO leaders, Private organizations On March LEM and W/ro Belayenesh from BHDCA and stakeholders 3 JeCCDO Urban agriculture training 8 22 40 JeCCDO experts Organized youths under the project August 3-8 6 4 JeCCDO Hygiene and sanitation 22 3 53 Dr. Aeyalew from BHDU School environmental club leaders November 7-8 2 5 JeCCDO Hygiene and sanitation 32 30 62 Dereie Mesfen from Health Office and Tesfa Communal latrine user committee members, Kebele December 23,24 3 groups (proper use) Gedife from Recreation Sanitation and Beautification Office responsible persons on health and 25 each day 6 JeCCDO Urine use 20 28 48 Ato Mogeus Worku 40 Organized youths, 3 Model farmers, DA expert, 3 ROSA project experience sharing visit participants and JeCCDO urban agriculture expert 7 JeCCDO Skill development training on urban agriculture, sanitation, composting and resource management 200 7 23 40 Berihun Wollel and Atsede Alemu from Micro and small trade and industry December 29-30 2 40 Organized youths March 2-27 8 JeCCDO Awareness developing 7 7 24 Dr. Aeyalew from Bahir Dar University Urban health extension workers, health experts and 6 March 28 training stakeholders 9 JeCCDO Urine use training 23 24 47 School environmental Club leaders June 27 GRAND TOTAL 266 220 486 24 7 33
Project plan and progress Actually done Planned Description of the activity 2009 200 20 Project launching and awareness development workshops Training on Urban agriculture Comments Employment of the project staff was after the project launching Training well planned ahead of the rainy season. Delays in land aquiring delayed the practical use of new skills Procurement of tools and equipment Construction of 9 Toilets (UDDT) Construction of 3 integrated sanitation facilities City wide clean-up campaigns (6) Office equipment and furniture Mobile toilet Establishment fo Urban Agriculture Center Training on urine use as fertilizer Establishment of organized Youth Groups (Small and Micro Cooperative Enterprises) Baseline survey 3 3 3 2 2 2 4 Procurement of tools matching with the training Not started at all. Designs and clear strategy on the implementation still missing Delayed due to land allocation problems and lack of proper designs. Operational strategies/manuals not yet done. Impact not observed. Recommended to abandon this activity. Long delays in repair observed. Scanner/copier needed. Not planned in LEM-BDCA agreement. Agreed later on to replace the donky carts. This is also part of the UDDT construction target. Operational manual to be done. Timing not planned in the LEM-BDCA agreement. Delayed one year. Not planned in LEM-BDCA agreement. Positive impacts observed. 4 SMECS organized and registered in early stage. Frunstration observed among the SMECS members. SMECS business plans to be done. Not properly planned and only inventory of communal latrines carried out. HEW baseline information available. Experience sharing visit to ROSA project in Arba Minch and another visit to Awasa and Dire Dawa to understand ecological sanitation and waste management. ROSA project visit report was for experts and report received altough quality of the report is still to be improved. Awasa and Dire Dawa visit was for decisionmakers and NO REPORT RECEIVED.