INDONESIA POLICY ON MEASUREMENT, REPORTING AND VERIFICATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ACTION presented on: EXCHANGE AND DIALOGUE ON INSTITUTIONALIZING NATIONAL MRV SYSTEMS BERLIN, GERMANY MARCH 2014 EMMA RACHMAWATY MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
OUTLINE 1 2 INTRODUCTION NATIONAL POLICIES ON CLIMATE CHANGE 3 NATIONAL POLICIES ON MRV
1. INTRODUCTION: INDONESIA www.politicalresources.net Maps: www.bing.com/images/search?q=peta+indonesia Total area : 790 million Ha Total land: 200 million Ha Total coastl line: 81,000 km Total Islands: 5 ilslands and 13,671 small islands (56% nameless, 7% permanently inhabited) Total Population: 250 million climate : dominated by monsoon Lies across the range of inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ): heavy rainfalls, severe thunderstorms, strong squalls etc.
UNFCCC The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner (article 2), The Parties should take precautionary measures to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and mitigate its adverse effects (article 3), The Parties should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind, on the basis of equity and in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (article 3)
INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT A. Mandate to Verified NAMAs implementation Dec. 1/CP. 13 Bali Action Plan Dec. 2/CP. 15 Copenhagen Accord Dec. 1/CP. 16 Cancun Agreement All Parties will implement MRV-ed NAMAs The implementation of domestic MRV for unilateral NAMAs and international MRV for supported NAMAs The implementation of domestic MRV for unilateral and supported NAMAs, and international MRV for supported NAMAs
B. General Guideline of Domestic MRV for NAMAs Developing country Parties are encouraged to utilize existing domestic processes, arrangements or systems, including domestically available information, methodologies, experts and other aspects, for domestic MRV. Dec. 21/CP.19 Developing country Parties may, taking into account national circumstances, capacities and national priorities, indicate the general approach adopted: (a) To establish, when appropriate, and/or recognize, where relevant, inter alia, the institutions, entities, arrangements and systems involved in the domestic measurement, reporting and verification of NAMAs; (b) To measure domestically supported NAMAs, including the collection and management of relevant and available information and the documentation of methodologies; (c) To verify domestically supported NAMAs, including the use of domestic experts using domestically developed processes, thereby enhancing the cost-effectiveness of the verification process.
2. NATIONAL POLICY ON CLIMATE CHANGE 1 Law No. 6 Year 1994 on Ratification of UNFCCC Law No. 17 Year 2004 on Ratification of Kyoto Protocol 2 Law No 32 year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management 3 National Action Plan on Climate Change year 2007 4 Presidential Decree No. 61/2011 on NAP of GHG Presidential Decree No. 71/2011 on Inventory of GHG 5 Ministerial Decree of Minister of Environment No. 15 year 2013 regarding MRV
NATIONAL MEDIUM TERM DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2010-2014 PRIORITY 9 - ENVIRONMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT: Conservation and utilization of natural environment that supports sustainability economic growth and prosperity, with the control and disaster risk management to address climate change
THE MANDATE OF MRV & REGISTRY IMPLEMENTATION (NATIONAL REGULATION) ACT. 32/2009 : Environmental Management and Protection Develop & implement climate change policy Develop the Environmental Degradation Criteria which Impact by Climate Change Conduct and/or Coordinate by Ministry of Environment Conduct the GHG Inventory at national/ sub-national level Develop the mitigation and adaptation plan to include in the Environmental Management & Protection Plan Conduct the Adaptation & Vulnerability Assessment
NATIONAL EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET and MRV The Statement of HE Mr. President Soesilo Bambang Yudhoyono* In the spirit of thinking outside the box, in September this year Indonesia declared emission reduction target of 26 % from business as usual by 2020, and this can be increased to 41 % with enhanced international assistance. As a non-annex 1 country, we did NOT have to do this. But we read the stark scientific warnings of the IPCC. So we set our new reduction target, because we wanted to be part of global solution For our part, Indonesia is willing to have our plans and progress open to MRV by a multilaterally agreed international mechanism. Its time for the game to change a little. We know how important transparency is in this endeavor, because we TOO expect it from others.. MRV is also needed to ensure that the support funds from developed countries to developing countries are well delivered to meet climate objectives. In saying this, it is critically important for developing nations that MRV does not lead to discriminatory trade measures. *Stated at UNFCCC COP 15/CMP 5 on Dec 2009
PRESIDENT REGULATION 61/2011 & 71/2011
PRESIDENTIAL DECREES No 61/2011 & No. 71/2011 NO 61 OF 2011 NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON GHG EMISSION REDUCTION TARGET (RAN-GRK) RAN-GRK is a guidance to line ministries in planning, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating the national action plan of GHG emission reduction; a guidance to provincial governments in formulating regional action plan for reducing GHG emission, and a reference to community and private sector in planning and implementing GHG emission reduction NO 71 OF 2011 CONDUCTING NATIONAL GHG INVENTORY SYSTEM Objectives: i.e. to provide regular information on level, status, and trend of GHG emission and removals change, including carbon stock at national, provincial, and municipal/regency level; and to provide information on GHG emission reduction achievement of national climate change mitigation actions. Regulation on: a. Accounting Process and Procedure of GHG Inventories; b. Task & Authorities of Governments, Provincial and Municipal/regency Levels; c. Verification; d. Reporting, e. Assistance to Local Governments Sector: AFOLU, Energy, IPPU and Waste
Gton CO2-eq National GHG Emission ReductionTarget 26% from BAU by Year 2020 Indonesia Nett Emission estimated to increase from 1.38 GtCO 2 e (Yr 2000) to 2.95 GtCO 2 e (Yr 2020) 26 % (Unilateral) 15% (International) Credit 41% Total Emission Reduction Year
Without LUCF Waste 28,3% With LUCF Agriculture 13,6% Industry 7,7% Energy 50,5% Sector Gg CO2e Energy 280,938 Industry 42,814 Agriculture 75,420 Land Use Change and Forestry (excl. peat fire) 649,254 Peat Fire 172,000 Waste 157,328 Removal 556,449 NETT EMISSION 1,377,753 Peat Fire 13% Waste 11% Land Use Change and Forestry 47% Energy 20% Industry 3% Agriculture 6% 2000 INDONESIA S GHG INVENTORY 14
Emission (Gt CO2e). Projection of Indonesia net emission: 1.38 GtCO 2 e (2000) 2.95 GtCO 2 e (2020) 3.5 3.0 2.95 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 1.38 0.39 0.83 0.16 0.17 0.43 0.29 0.04 0.05 1.76 0.05 0.05 0.28 0.37 1.44 0.25 0.13 1.00 2000 2005 2020 Key source categories are peat emission, forestry, energy and waste. Emission from peat fire was taken from van der Werf et al (2007). The figure in the charts did not include emission from emission from liming and fertilizing 0.06 0.06 Peat Emission Waste Forestry Agriculture Industry Energy 15
Indonesia GHG Emission Reduction Plan Sectors Emission Reduction Plan (Giga ton CO2e) 26% 15% (Total 41%) Total Action Plan Forestry & Peatland 0.672 0.367 1.039 Land & forest fires control, Water resources & system management, Forest & land rehabilitation, Industrial Plantation Forest/HTI, Communal Forest/HR, Illegal logging eradication, Deforestation prevention, Community empowerment. Waste 0.048 0.030 0.078 Agriculture 0.008 0.003 0.011 Industry 0.001 0.004 0.005 3R strategy of waste management Integrated waste management in urban areas Intro of low emission rice variety, Efficiency of water irrigation, Organic fertilizer utilization. Energy efficiency, Renewable energy utilization, etc. Energy & Transportation 0.038 0.018 0.056 Bio-fuel use High gasoline fuel standard machinery Improvement of Transport Demand Management(TDM) Quality of public road & transportation Demand Side Management Energy efficiency Development of renewable energy Total 0.767 0.422 1.189 16
Steering Committee (High-Level Officials of line ministries) Min. of Environment Min. of Forestry (INCAS) Min. of Energy and Mineral Resources (REFF Burn) Local Governments (Green Growth, etc) SIGN Center Report of Emission Status Min. of Industry (Green Industry) Min. of Agriculture Min. of Transportation Other sources: PLN, PJB2, BPS, Universities, other institutions DNPI /National Council on Climate Change UNFCCC Coordinating Ministry for Economy 17
Related ministries GHG inv. Report (Carbon profile) SIGN Center Governors National GHG inventory Report Environmental institutions at Provicial level GHG inv. Report (Carbon profile) Dinas at provincial level Dinas at municipal/regency level Environmental institutions at municipal/regency level Dinas at municipal/regency level Dinas at provincial level Specific activities (single data) Specific activities (single data) Specific activities (single data) Specific activities (single data) 18
3. Regulation of The Minister of Environment Republic of Indonesia Number 15 Year 2013 on Measurement, Reporting and Verification of Climate Change Mitigation Action
PURPOSE To get the accurate, transparant, consistent and accountable climate change mitigation action achievement Guidance on how to implement M, R and V, and provide flexibility to proponent on using spesific methodolgy which has been recognized in national and international level METHOD
TO UNDERSTAND THIS REGULATION WHAT HOW MRV REGULATION WHEN WHO WHERE
WHAT MRV conducted on : a. Mitigation action done by Government; and b. Mitigation action done by Non-Government. WHEN Periodic WHERE In the area where mitigation action implemented WHO By Responsible party for action
HOW PROCEDURES OF MEASUREMENT, REPORTING AND VERIFICATION OF CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION ACTION
M R V Measurement Measurement is conduct during planning and implementation stage To find out the level and status of GHG emission before and after the implementation of mitigation action Monitor the mitigation action achievement Reporting Reporting the climate change mitigation action achievement As reference for verifier and technical team of National MRV Committee Verification Ensure the information included in the report Verification done by verifier which assigned by proponent Verifier requirements: Not directly involved in the implementation of climate change mitigation action; Accredited and hold certificate as climate change mitigation action achievement verifier
M-R-V ACTIVITIES SERIES Implementation of GHG Inventory: GHG emission source and sink Indentification Determine GHG Baseline Emission Implementation of Climate Change Mitigation Action Climate Change Mitigation Action Time Frame Verification on Climate Change Mitigation Action Achievement National Registry System time Develop GHG Emission Scenario Climate Change Mitigation Action Plan Monitoring, Developing Documentation Report and Periodic Internal Evaluation Submit the MRV result to National MRV Committee Develop NATCOM and BUR report Source: MoE 2013 M R V
NATIONAL MRV COMMITTEE Establishing National MRV Committee by MoE Task of National MRV Committee: 1. Evaluate the result of MRV 2. Conduct the National Registry System on Climate Change Mitigation action National MRV Committee 1. Head : Deputy of Minister that responsible on Climate Change 2. Members : echelon I officers from related Minister/Institution 3. Technical Team
Approved EVALUATION PROCEDURES Mitigation Action Achievement Report 1 Mitigation Action Plan by Government Mitigation Action Plan by Non Government M R V National MRV Committee 2 Evaluate the MRV result 3 National Registry System 5 Rejected Return to Proponent 4a Decision of the MRV result evaluation 4b Official Information for National and International Purposes 1. Responsible Party of action submit the result of MRV implementation document 2. Minister assign National MRV Committee to conduct the evaluation. 3. National MRV Committee evaluating the result of MRV implementation document 4. Minister issued the decision: a. Rejection, National MRV Commitee will resturn the document to Responsible party of action (proponent) b. Approval, National MRV Committee submit it to National Registry System 5. The Climate Change Mitigation Actions, approved by the National MRV Committee will then be given certification of climate change mitigation actions.
NATIONAL REGISTRY SYSTEM Information of certified climate change mitigation action, as well as the achievement The information in the national registry system shall become official information from government for national and international purposes
IMPLEMENTATION OF MRV Develop guidelines on Verification Establish Committee on National MRV Verification process MRV into the First BUR 2014
WAY FORWARD Lesson learned from other countries Capacity building and awareness raising Enhanced Institutional coordination Data management Improvement