CHAPTER II DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH

CHAPTER II DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH 42

DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY IN ANDHRA PRADESH Introduction Bovines play a very important role in the development of rural economy of India. This is particularly true of Andhra Pradesh where 73% of total population lives in rural areas. There are 20 million cattle and buffaloes which pull carts and plough, produce milk and are an asset to their owners by providing employment and income. The organized milk procurement through the integrated milk project was initiated in Andhra Pradesh from 1970 onwards. The interest of the Animal Husbandry Department in comprehensive information on bovine keeping and dairying in Andhra Pradesh to support planning and policy making was discussed with Indo-Swiss Project Andhra Pradesh and with Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation. Subsequently the study on bovine and dairy development in Andhra Pradesh was initiated in December 1991 with the overall goal to contribute to the formulation of policies and to programme implementation in the bovine and dairy sector of Andhra Pradesh. Andhra Pradesh is the fifth largest state in India with a geographical area of 27.5 million hectares (8.4%). The area under cultivation is 10.4 million hectares which accounts for 38% of the geographical area of A.P. While the same in the country is 43 percent. The state has 9.4% of the adult female cattle and buffalo population of India. In terms of milk production the state contributes only 5.8%. Milch animal s productivity is thus quite low in A.P. The Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation (APDDCF) has been the major force in increasing milk production, organizing milk marketing and encouraging milk producers. Till 1960 dairy development was a minor subject in Andhra 43

Pradesh and was attached to the Animal Husbandry Department (AHD). The main activity was to promote milk producers cooperative societies. It gained importance when government decided to intervene in urban milk supply. The subsequent developments were as follows. In 1960-61 a pilot milk supply scheme and in 1994 the Integrated Milk Project was implemented by AHD. This project aimed at organizing milk procurement around the cities of Hyderabad and Vijayawada and selling in these cities. In 1970 the Dairy Development Department was installed and its creation was necessitated by the already expanded activities under the Integrated Milk Project. The organization expended its activities to other cities like Visakhapatnam and Rajahmundry. In 1974 Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Corporation was installed. The Govt. of India advised state Government to create an enterprise in the public sector and accordingly the Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation was created. In 1981 Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation was created through conversion of Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative. First two five year plans: The animal health coverage strengthened by starting more dispensaries, Crossbreeding Scheme. All India crossbreeding scheme was started at Hyderabad and Visakhapatnam. In 1963 an institution was started at Nidubroulu to meet the specialized training in Artificial Insemination and animal gynecology. The Chief Minister N. Kirankumar reddy who is very much particular to develop the dairy sector in the state directed the officials to launch the Rs. 6,000 crore schemes. He said Andhra Pradesh has vast opportunities to develop the dairy sector and what we need is coordinated efforts from all departments concerned like Banks, Rural 44

Development Agencies, NREGS, Govt. of India, SERP and National Rural Livelihood Mission etc. Andhra Pradesh is the second largest milk producer state in the country. In 2008-09, Andhra Pradesh produced 254.56 lakh liters per day compared to the national total of 2,885.09 lakh liters per day. Andhra Pradesh milk production during 2008-11 recorded an annual average growth rate of 8.2%. While the milk production in 2010-11 was 298.0 lakh liters per day (LLPD). Average milk yield per day was 3.8 liters and the per capita milk production was only 269.25 gms. The target is to increase the milk production to 496.31 LLPD and per capita milk production to 426 gms. Andhra Pradesh stands first in buffalo population with 6959 lakh MTs of annual milk production. Presently about 24 lakh families in Andhra Pradesh are directly depending on livestock rearing for their livelihood. The contribution of this sector to GSDP is 7.29 percent. Twenty six mobile veterinary clinics have been sanctioned during 2004-05 to provide animal health care in remote areas of the state. A mass vaccination programme involving Rs.2.28 crore has been taken up in 5 districts of the state (Hyderabad, Rangareddy, Medak, Anantapur and Chittor). Government vaccine production units are modernized with an outlay of Rs.8.15 crore during the year 2004-05. In 2005-06 the animal husbandry department planned to introduce 15 mobile veterinary clinics. The budget estimate for animal husbandry for 2005-06 was Rs. 202.80 crore. The Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Co-operative Federation Limited is doing milk procurement operations in 11districts. The milk procurement increased from 1.29 lakh liters per day in 2004-05 to 3.25 lakh liters per day in 2009-10 with an absolute 45

difference of 1.96 lakh liters per day registering a positive growth of 152%. The farmer s income which was Rs.46 crore in 2004-05 increased to Rs. 197 crore in 2009-10. The federation established 210 Bulk Milk Cooling Units up to 2009-10. The buffalo milk purchase price increased from Rs 170/- per Kg with fat in 2004 to Rs. 340/- per Kg with fat in 2010. While the cow milk purchase price increased from Rs.70/- Kg with total solids in 2004 to Rs.125/- Kg with total solids in 2010. The milk sale by APDDCF Ltd increased from 2.95 lakh liters per day in 2004-05 to 3.5 lakh liters per day in 2009-10. The livestock development has attained the status of an Agro-based industry generating economic growth, gainful employment and livelihood to many weaker sections in the state. Small and marginal farmers and landless poor contributing to 62% of total milk production own 70% of livestock in Andhra Pradesh. Women provide nearly 60% of livestock farming labour. The per capita availability of milk increased from 168 gms per day in 1997-98 to 286 gms per day in 2005-06. During the period from 2003 to 2007 the cattle population was increased by 19.09%. There was an increase of 61.69% in crossbred cattle and 26.63% in nondescript cattle. Adult female crossbred cattle was increased by 63.75% between 2003 and 2007, buffalo population by 23.25%. There was an increase of 83.06% in graded buffalo s population and 39.13% in nondescript buffaloes. The number of adult female graded buffaloes was increased by 35.48%. In 2008-09 the milk production in the state was 95, 69,485 MTs consisting 8.82% of the total milk production in the country and attained second position in milk production in the country. The livestock sector contributes Rs.23, 993 crore (6.46%) to the total GSDP of the state and Rs.3, 71,229 crore at current prices of 2008-09. The 46

contribution of milk to livestock sector was Rs.12, 207 crore (51%). Out of this an amount of Rs.3, 203 crore came from cow milk and Rs.9002 crore from buffalo milk. District- Wise Demographic Characteristics Table 2.1 shows district wise area, bovine population, livestock population and human population. The geographical area of Anantapur district is large i.e. 19130sqkm and that of Hyderabad is small i.e. 217 sqkm. The total area of A.P. is 275000 sqkm. The bovine population in Warangal district is high i.e. 1546349, while the same of Hyderabad is low i.e. 31367. The bovine population of Anantapur district is 1350891 (6 th position). The density of bovine is high at 160 per sqkm in Srikakulam district and low at 44 per sqkm in Kadapa district. Anantapur district stood at 18 th place with 71 bovine population persqkm. In A.P. Bovine density per sqkm is 89. Total livestock in Mahabubnagar district is 6187579 (large), low at 59436 in Hyderabad district. With 5511265 livestock, Anantapur district stood in 2nd place. While the total livestock in A.P. is 60174770. Livestock density per sqkm is high at 336 in Mahabubnagar district, while the same is low at 127 in East Godavari district. But the livestock density per sqkm in A.P. is 299. As per 2001 census the human population of East Godavari district is high at 4901420 and that of Vizianagaram district is low at 2249254. Anantapur district with the population of 3640478 got 8 th position. The total population of Andhra Pradesh is 76210007. Number of livestock per human in A.P. is 0.79. Large number of livestocper human is 1.76 in Mahabubnagar district and low at 0.02 in Hyderabad district. In Anantapur district the number of livestock per human is 1.51. 47

Table 2.1 District- Wise Demographic and Bovine Characteristics in Andhra Pradesh - 2001 Bovines Total Livestock Human No. of Area Density Density Population Livestock District (in sq Km) Population (per sq Km) Population (per sq Km) 2001 per Human Srikakulam 5837 934689 160 1631766 280 2537593 0.64 Vizianagaram 6539 714495 109 1339859 205 2249254 0.60 Visakhapatnam 11161 1058842 95 1681096 151 3832336 0.44 East Godavari 10807 977772 90 1367281 127 4901420 0.28 West Godavari 7742 893566 115 1412983 183 3803517 0.37 Krishna 8727 1023968 117 1687986 193 4187841 0.40 Guntur 11391 1332836 117 2381238 209 4465144 0.53 Prakasam 17626 1388975 79 3342944 190 3059423 1.09 Nellore 13076 940365 72 2262874 173 2668564 0.85 Chittor 15152 1244108 82 2872807 190 3745875 0.77 Kadapa 15359 677791 44 2291101 149 2601797 0.88 Anantapur 19130 1350891 71 5511265 289 3640478 1.51 Kurnnool 17658 1164223 66 3183779 180 3529494 0.90 Mahabubnagar 18432 1301429 71 6187579 336 3513934 1.76 Rangareddy 7493 570644 76 1577923 211 3575064 0.44 Hyderabad 217 31367 145 59436 274 3829753 0.02 Medak 9699 934174 96 2578193 266 2670097 0.97 Nizamabad 7956 897301 113 2348797 295 2345685 1.00 Adilabad 16105 1407854 87 2425576 151 2488003 0.97 Karimnagar 11823 1213323 103 3409522 288 3491822 0.98 Warangal 12846 1546349 120 4117645 321 3246004 1.27 Khammam 16029 1525752 95 2657113 166 2578927 1.03 Nalgonda 14240 1364044 96 3846007 276 3247982 1.18 A.P. 275000 24494758 89 60174770 219 76210007 0.79 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 47

Trends in Milch Animal Population The trends in milch animal population in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.2. Here milch animals include cows and she buffaloes. In 1956 there were 38 lakh (56 %) cows and 29 lakh (44 %) she buffaloes, by 2007 the population of milch cows was 36 lakh (34 %) and that of she buffaloes was 70 lakh (66 %). Table 2.2 Trends in Milch animal Population in Andhra Pradesh (Figures in Lakhs) Year Cows Growth She Buffaloes Growth 1956 38 29 - (56) (44) - 1961 41 32 7.89 (57) (43) 7.89 1966 42 32 2.43 (57) (43) 0.00 1972 42 35 0.00 (54) (46) 9.37 1977 41 37-2.38 (53) (47) 5.71 1983 44 43 7.31 (51) (49) 16.21 1987 36 45-18.18 (44) (56) 4.65 1993 30 48-16.66 (39) (61) 6.25 1999 29 52-3.33 (35) (65) 8.33 2003 29 59 0.00 (33) (67) 13.46 2007 36 70 24.13 (34) (66) 18.64 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. Note: Figures in brackets are percentages to milch animals It reveals that the percentage share of cows declined and that of she buffaloes significantly increased. It is also evident that the growth in milch animals from one census year to another census year is fluctuating. In 1977 (-2.38), 1987 (-18.18), 1993 (- 16.66) and 1999 (-3.33), the growth in milch cows was negative, but in the case of she 48

buffaloes the growth was positive in all census years and the same ranged from 4.65 % in 1987 to 18.64 % in 2007. The population of she buffaloes is increasing due to high price for buffalo milk and the farmers need not take special care to maintain she buffaloes. Cow Population Category-wise and census-wise cow population in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table 2.3. The number of Cross breed cows in 1993 under one year was 89633 (23.71%), 65399 (17.30%) under 1-2.5 years, 153653 (40.66%) in milk, 51824 (13.71%) dry, 15225 (4.02%) not yet calved and 2160 (0.57%) others. In 1993 the total is 377894 (7.98%). By 2007, under one year is 349866 (23.48%), 1-2.5 years was 219846 (14.75%), 642362 in milk (43.11 %), 185744 in dry (12.46%), 72781 not yet calved (4.88%), others was 19390 (1.30%) and the total Crossbreed cows was 1489989 (26.37%) The number of Nondescript cows in 1993 under one year was 759429 (17.43%), 1-3years was 5792886 (18.20%), in milk 1268677 (29.12%), in dry was 902373 (20.71%), not yet calved 240213 (5.51%) and others 392004 (9.00%). In 1993 the total female ND cattle was 4355582 (92.01%) and the total female cows was 4733476. By 2007 under one year there were 847745 (20.38%), under 1-3 years 681483 (16.38%), in milk 1530651 (36.79%), in dry 702165 (16.88%), not yet calved 274080 (6.58%) and others 123405 (2.96%). The total ND cattle in 2007 was 4159529 (73.62), and total female cows were 5649518. It is evident that the percent of CB cows in milk rose to 40.66% in 2003 to 43.11% in 2007 and also total CB cows from 7.98% in 2003 to 26.37% in 2007 and the percentage of ND cows in milk raised to 29.12% in 2003 to 36.79 % in 2007. While the 49

total female ND cattle decreased from 92.01 % in 2003 to 73.62% in 2007. It also indicates that the population of CB cows was less than (27%) that of ND Cows (73%). 50

Category Cows (CB) Census year Table 2.3 Category-Wise and Census Wise Cow Population Growth 1993 1999 2003 2007 1993-99 1999-03 2003-07 I)Under one year 89633 132383 172492 349866 47.69 30.29 102.83 II )Under 1-2.5 years 65399 86505 128837 219846 32.27 48.93 70.63 III )Over 2.5 years a)in milk 153653 227559 356015 642362 48.09 56.44 80.43 b)dry 51824 66288 134895 185744 27.90 103.49 37.69 c)not yet calved 15225 20592 56254 72781 35.25 173.18 29.37 d)others 2160 5290 14838 19390 144.90 180.49 30.67 Total CB Cows 377894 538617 863331 1489989 42.53 60.28 72.58 Cows (ND) I ) Under one year 759429 773019 605117 847745 1.78-21.72 40.09 II )Under 1-3 years 792886 762730 634218 681483-3.80-16.84 7.45 III )Over 3 years a)in milk 1268677 1430162 1412813 1530651 12.72-1.21 8.34 b)dry 902373 803852 680142 702165-10.91 75.75 8.34 c)not yet calved 240213 248283 209014 274080-10.91-15.38 3.23 d)others 392004 120786 59566 123405 3.35 20.42-8.33 Total FM ND Cattle 4355582 4138832 3600870 4159529-4.97-12.99 15.51 Total Cows 4733476 4677449 4464201 5649518-1.18-4.55 26.55 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 51

Category- Wise and Census Wise Buffalo Population Table 2.4 shows the category wise and census wise buffalo population in Andhra Pradesh. It indicates that in the year 1993 under one year buffalo population was 1803257 (23.11%), in 1-3years buffaloes 1174651 (15.05%), over 3 years buffalo population in milk was 3192181 (40.92 %), in dry was 1269912 (16.27%) not yet calved buffalo population was 266479 (3.4%) and other buffalo population was 94205 (1.20%). In 1993 the total buffalo population was 7800685. Category She Buffaloes Table 2.4 Category-Wise and Census Wise Buffalo Population Census year Growth 1993 1999 2003 2007 1993-99 1999-03 2003-07 I)Under one year 1803257 1808733 1801975 2472240 0.30-0.37 37.19 II)1-3 years 1174651 1302940 1393921 1659521 10.92 6.98 19.05 III)Over 3 years a) In milk 3192181 3545044 3951676 4682371 11.05 11.47 18.49 b)dry 1269912 1186143 1378630 1541345-6.59 16.22 11.80 c)not yet calved 266479 320473 452357 634514 20.26 41.15 40.62 d)others 94205 118235 139673 174077 25.50 18.13 24.63 IV)Total she buffaloes 7800685 8281568 9118232 11164068 6.16 10.10 22.43 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. By 2007, under one year buffalo population was 2472240 (22.14%), between 1-3 years the buffalo population was 1659521 (14.86%), over 3years in milk buffalo population was 4682371 (41.94%), dry buffalo population 1541345 (13.80%), not yet calved buffalo population was 634514 (5.68%), other buffalo population was 1740770 (1.55%), and the total buffalo population was 11164068 in 2007. It reveals that from 1993 to 2007 the share of buffaloes in milk population was more than 40 % to total 52

buffalo population and growth also positive in different categories but in two categories there was negative growth i.e., -0.59% in dry buffalo population, and under one year buffalo population -0.37% during 1999-03. Classification of Districts according to Percentage share of Crossbreed Classification of districts according to the percentage share of Crossbreed in total cattle population in 2007 is shown in Table 2.5. It is observed that the percentage share of crossbreed in Mahabubnagar, Khamamm, Medak, Nizamabad, Guntur, Kurnnol, Prakasam, Nalgona and Warangal districts to total cattle population was less than 10 percent. The percentage share of CB in total cattle population falls between 10 and 25 percent in Krishna, Nellore, Kurnnool, Kadapa, Anantapur, Rangareddy and Karimnagar districts. While the share of C.B. was between 25 & 40 percent in Visakhapatnam, East Godavari and West Godavari districts. The percentage of C.B. ranged from 40 & 50% in Srikakulam and Vizianagaram districts. The percentage of CB is grater than 50% in Chittor and Hyderabad districts. The highest share of CB was in Chittor district and the lowest share was in Kurnnool district. Table 2.5 Classification of Districts According to Percentage share of Crossbred in total Cattle Population -2007 Share of CB (In %) Less than 10 10-25 25-40 Districts Guntur, Prakasam, Kurnnool, Mahabubnagar, Kammam,Medak,Nizamabad, Adilabad, Nalgonda,Warangal Krishna, Nellore,Kadapa, Anantapur,Rangareddy, Karimnagar Visakhapatnam, East Godavari, West Godavari 40-50 Srikakulam,Vizianagaram Above 50 Chittor,Hyderabad Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 53

Households Possessing Livestock Table 2.6 shows the district wise, rural and urban wise number of households possessing livestock in Andhra Pradesh. East Godavari district has large number of rural households (908233), while Rangareddy district has least number of rural households (358647). Rural wise there are huge number of households possessing livestock in Warangal district (533146) and lowest number of households possessing livestock in Rangareddy District (185097). In Anantapur district the number of households is 664461 (7 th position). Of them the households possessing livestock are 443136 (6 th position). Urban- wise, there are large number of households in Vizianagaram district (572852), least number (55476) in Mahabubnagar district. Urban- wise there are large number of households possessing livestock in Kadapa district (209202) and lowest number of households possessing livestock in Kurnnool district (10325). Anantapur district stood at 5 th and 6 th position in terms of number of households and households possessing livestock respectively. As far as total number of households is concerned East Godavari district stands first with 1176930 households and Hyderabad district stands last with 151151 households. Anantapur district stood at sixth place with 869340 households. Rural - wise total households in A.P. are 12900545 (78.06%) and urban wise total households are 3624495 (21.93%). Rural wise households possessing livestock in A.P. are 8457428 (91.38%) and urban wise households possessing livestock in A.P. are 797348 (8.62%). Thus the above analysis reveals that in rural areas 65.55 percent of total households possess livestock. In urban areas only 21.99 percent of urban households have livestock. 54

District Total No. of Households Table 2.6 District-wise Rural and Urban-wise number of Households Possessing Livestock -2007 Rural Urban Total Households Possessing Total No. Households Total Live of Possessing No. of stock Households Livestock Households Households Possessing Livestock Srikakulam 553435 439811 59553 43905 612988 483716 Vizianagaram 465142 369121 572852 31387 537944 400508 Visakhapatnam 496934 397310 429364 82939 926298 480249 East Godavari 908233 524110 268697 64261 1176930 588371 West Godavari 784083 477711 136247 27852 920330 505563 Krishna 702005 443637 207681 38822 909686 482459 Guntur 795516 433290 321229 62031 1116745 495321 Prakasam 624409 388359 113126 13508 737535 401867 Nellore 484978 338713 155535 24743 640513 363456 Chittor 632073 450791 168580 35381 800653 486172 Kadapa 421323 242608 155416 209202 576739 271810 Anantapur 664461 443136 204879 57751 869340 500887 Kurnnool 561503 278319 118703 10325 680206 288644 Mahabubnagar 628398 387714 55476 20538 683874 408252 Rangareddy 358647 185097 225363 47278 584010 232375 Hyderabad 0 0 151151 32287 151151 32287 Medak 473045 290952 78234 13265 551279 304217 Nizamabad 425951 259349 92689 30031 518640 289380 Adilabad 346864 292176 81537 25199 428401 317375 Karimnagar 711198 430446 153201 31988 864399 462444 Warangal 660136 533146 119847 20241 779983 553387 Khammam 532033 411953 89388 36255 621421 448208 Nalgonda 670178 439679 165747 18149 835925 457828 A.P. 12900545 8457428 3624495 797348 16525040 9254776 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 55

District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham in Andhra Pradesh was shown in Table 2.7. Large number of milch animals (3540) were inducted in Nizamabad district while lowest milch animals (631) were inducted in Krishna district. Anantapur district stood at 10 th place with1900 inductions. The total milch animals inducted in the state in 2009-10 were 38863. Table 2.7 District- Wise Induction of Milch Animals under Pasukranti Patham District 2009-10 % to Total Srikakulam 828 2.13 Vizianagaram 995 2.56 Visakhapatnam 1604 4.12 East Godavari 1246 3.20 West Godavari 684 1.76 Krishna 631 1.62 Guntur 799 2.05 Prakasam 1506 3.87 Nellore 721 1.88 Chittor 3259 8.38 Kadapa 1734 4.46 Anantapur 1900 4.88 Kurnnool 2498 6.42 Mahabubnagar 2001 5.14 Rangareddy 2647 6.81 Medak 2385 6.13 Nizamabad 3540 9.10 Adilabad 2017 5.19 Karimnagar 2604 6.70 Warangal 2470 6.35 Khammam 1404 3.61 Nalgonda 1390 3.57 Total 38863 - Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 56

Induction of Milch animals in 2009-10 4% 6% 4% 2%3% 4%3% 2% 2%2% 7% 5% 9% 6% 7% 5% 6% 4% 2% 8% 4% 5% Srikakulam Vizianagaram Visakhapatnam East Godavari West Godavari Krishna Guntur Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Karimnagar Warangal Khammam Nalgonda 57

District Wise Average whole sale prices of Milch Animals District wise average whole sale prices of milch animals in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.8. The price of crossbred cows over 2.5years in milk varied from Rs.21857 in Krishna district to Rs. 8385 lowest in Anantapur district. While the average price of crossbred cows is Rs.13735. The price of Nondescript cows over 3 years in milk ranged from Rs.17342 in Prakasam district to Rs.6086 in Kadapa district. The average cost of ND cow is Rs.8557. The price of Graded Murrah buffalo is high at Rs.21797 in Krishna district, and low at Rs.10170 in Chittor District. The average price of GM buffalo is Rs.13839. The price of Non Descript buffalo varied from Rs.17603 in Krishna district to Rs.7113 in Adilabad district. While the average price of ND buffaloes is Rs. 10009. Anantapur district got last place with CB cow s price of Rs. 8385, 16 th place in ND cow s price of Rs.7175, 9 th place with GM buffalo price of Rs. 13942 and 19 th place with ND buffalo price of Rs.7831. 58

Table 2.8 District Wise Whole Sale prices of Milch Animals in Andhra Pradesh District CB Cows Over 2.5years in Milk ND Cows Over 3years in Milk GM She Buffaloes Over 3 years in Milk ND She Buffaloes Srikakulam 12292 5231 11328 6669 Vizianagaram 13238 9433 14079 8408 Visakhapatnam 16042 6900-14928 East Godavari 8529 6988 15267 10296 West Godavari 8440 8202 11990 9490 Krishna 21857 15702 21797 17603 Guntur 19708 12245 13433 9683 Prakasam 19575 17342 19613 15300 Nellore 10445 7063 10868 8097 Chittor 14107 6938 10170 7164 Kadapa - 6086 15500 8743 Anantapur 8385 7175 13942 7831 Kurnnool - 3219-5133 Mahabubnagar 9441 8324 10575 9503 Rangareddy 18000 7870 13750 12188 Hyderabad 9175 7717 10200 7900 Medak - 6007-11447 Nizamabad - 11083 13267 11667 Adilabad 12850 9564 11442 7113 Karimnagar 15225 7604 14908 8000 Warangal - 7726 11732 11693 Khammam - 8800 18000 11228 Nalgonda 16196 9604 14913 10120 Average 13735 8557 13839 10009 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. Note: CB Cross Breed, ND Nondescript, GM Graded Murrah. District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Cows in A.P. District wise average whole sale prices of cows in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.9. It reveals that crossbred cow s price varied from Rs 10,000 in Chittor district to Rs.4172 in Srikakulam district. Anantapur district stood at 12 th place with Rs.5408 in 1997-98. By 2008-09 the crossbred cow s price was high at Rs.21857 in Krishna district, low at Rs.8385 in Anantapur district. The average crossbred cow s cost was at Rs.13735. The growth of crossbred cows is positive and varied from 16 to 260 percent. 59

District Table 2.9 District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Cows in A.P. Cross Bred Indigenous 1997-98 2008-09 Growth 1997-98 2008-09 Growth Srikakulam 4172 12292 194.63 2401 5231 117.86 Vizianagaram - 13238-4500 9433 109.62 Visakhapatnam 4458 16042 259.84 3930 6900 75.57 East Godavari 7112 8529 19.92 5002 6988 39.70 West Godavari 7214 8440 16.99 5000 8202 64.04 Krishna 9087 21857 140.53 5477 15702 186.68 Guntur 8000 19708 146.35 6854 12245 308.04 Prakasam 5500 19575 255.90 4250 17342 131.19 Nellore 5499 10445 89.94 3055 7063 - Chittor 10000 14107 41.07 7250 6938-4.30 Kadapa 6500-3033 6086 100.65 Anantapur 5408 8385 55.04 4040 7175 77.59 Kurnnool - - 3332 3219-3.39 Mahabubnagar 5576 9441 69.31 3541 8324 135.07 Rangareddy 9083 18000 98.17 4433 7870 77.53 Hyderabad 4950 9175 85.35 3000 7717 157.23 Medak - - - 4506 6007 33.31 Nizamabad - - - 2945 11083 276.33 Adilabad - 12850-3312 9564 188.76 Karimnagar - 15225-3650 7604 108.32 Warangal 8164 - - 3275 7726 135.90 Khammam 4995 - - 4183 8800 110.37 Nalgonda 4800 16196 237.41 3783 9604 153.87 Average - 13735 - - 8557 - Source: 1.Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 2. 16 th Quinquinneal Livestock Census -1999. The indigenous cow price varied form Rs.7250 in Chittor district to Rs.2401 in Srikakulam district. Anantapur district stood at 9 th place with Rs.4040. In 2008-09 the price of indigenous cows ranged from Rs.17342 in Prakasam district to Rs.5231 in Srikakulam district. In Anantapur district the average price of indigenous cow was Rs.8557. The growth of indigenous cows is negative in two districts i.e. Chittor (-4.30) and Kurnnool (-3.39). 60

District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Buffaloes in A.P District- wise whole sale prices of buffaloes in Andhra Pradesh are shown in Table 2.10. It explains that the price of Gradedmurrah buffalo varied from Rs.9975 in Guntur district to Rs.5000 in Anantapur district in 1997-98. In 2008-09 the highest price of Graded Murrah buffalo was at Rs.21797 in Krishna district, the lowest price was at Rs.10176 in Chittor district. Anantapur district stood at 9 th place with Rs.13, 942 District Table 2.10 District Wise Average Whole sale prices of Buffaloes in A.P. Graded Murrah Indigenous 1997-98 2008-09 Growth 1997-98 2008-09 Growth Srikakulam 3816 11328 196.85 2866 6669 132.69 Vizianagaram 9195 14079 53.11 2658 8408 216.32 Visakhapatnam - - - 5263 14928 183.64 East Godavari 6595 15267 131.49 5512 10296 86.79 West Godavari 7339 11990 63.37 5429 9490 74.80 Krishna 8269 21797 163.53 6887 17603 155.59 Guntur 9975 13433 34.66 7004 9683 38.24 Prakasam - 19613-3969 15300 285.48 Nellore 8666 10868 25.40 3977 8097 103.59 Chittor 8583 10170 18.49 6500 7164 10.21 Kadapa 6000 15500 15.83 3513 8743 148.87 Anantapur 5000 13942 178.84 4444 7831 76.21 Kurnnool - - - 4013 5133 27.90 Mahabubnagar 6000 10575 76.25 3609 9503 163.31 Rangareddy 9083 13750 51.38 4791 12188 154.39 Hyderabad 5000 10200 104 5000 7900 58.00 Medak 5000 - - 7297 11447 56.87 Nizamabad - 13267-3078 11667 279.04 Adilabad 6500 11442 76.03 4200 7113 69.35 Karimnagar - 14908-4449 8000 79.81 Warangal 7754 11732 51.30 4443 11693 163.17 Khammam 6875 18000-4327 11228 159.48 Nalgonda - 14913 161.81 3465 10120 192.06 Source: 1.Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 2. 16 th Quinquinneal Livestock Census -1999. Milk Production in A.P. Year wise milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table 2.11. In 1979-80 there was 610000 MTs (33%) of cow milk production, 119000 MTs (67%) of buffalo milk production and 1809000 MTs of total milk production. By 2009-10 cow milk 61

production was 2828000 MTs (27%), 7602000 MTs of buffalo milk production (73%) and total milk production was 10431000 MTs. It indicates that the share of cow milk production in total milk declined and that of buffaloes significantly increased. It is also evident that the growth in milk production from one year to another year fluctuates. For instance in 1892-93 the growth in cow milk production was negative, i.e. - 1.70, in 1987-88 -21.13, in 1995-96 -17.98 and in 2003-04 -13.36%. The growth in buffalo milk production was negative, i.e. 1980-81 was -5.17, -0.5 in 1986-87, -1.79 in 1990-91, -0.36 in 1991-92 and in the year 1997-98 was -4.36%, and growth in total milk was also negative in 1990-91 was - 0.66 and -2.25% in 1991-92. The buffalo milk production increased due to increase in buffalo population compared to cow population. Cow milk production increased from 610000 MTs in 1979-80 to 2828000 MTs in 2009-10. But there is no continuous growth in cow milk production. The growth ranged from 0.46 % in 1994-95 to 23.47 % in 2002-03.While buffalo milk production rose from 1199000 MTs in 1979-80 to 7602000 MTs in 2009-10. In this case also the growth is not steady. 62

Table 2.11 Year wise milk Production in Andhra Pradesh Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. (In 000MTs) Year Cow %to Growth Buffalo %to Growth Total Growth Total Total 1979-80 610 33-1199 67-1809 - 1980-81 673 38 10.32 1137 62-5.17 1810 0.05 1981-82 647 30 3.86 1480 70 30.16 2127 17.51 1982-83 636 27-1.70 1667 73 12.63 2303 8.27 1983-84 667 28 4.87 1708 72 2.45 2375 3.12 1984-85 770 29 15.44 1898 71 11.12 2668 12.33 1985-86 843 30 9.48 1939 70 2.16 2782 4.27 1986-87 854 31 1.30 1929 69-0.5 2784 0.07 1987-88 705 25-21.13 2102 75 8.96 2807 0.82 1988-89 745 27 5.67 2069 73 1.56 2814 0.24 1989-90 804 26 7.91 2226 74 7.58 3030 7.67 1990-91 824 28 2.48 2186 72-1.79 3010-0.66 1991-92 765 26 7.16 2178 74-0.36 2943-2.25 1992-93 881 29 15.16 2222 71 2.02 3103 5.4 1993-94 1085 28 23.15 2681 72 20.65 3766 21.36 1994-95 1090 25 0.46 3131 75 16.78 4221 12.08 1995-96 894 21-17.98 3367 79 7.53 4261 0.94 1996-97 939 21 5.03 3531 79 4.87 4470 4.90 1997-98 1097 24 16.82 3377 76-4.36 4474 0.08 1998-99 1264 26 15.22 3578 74 5.95 4842 8.22 1999-00 1289 25 1.97 3833 75 7.12 5152 6.40 2000-01 1558 28 20.86 3964 72 3.41 5522 7.18 2001-02 1636 28 5.00 4178 72 5.39 5814 5.28 2002-03 2020 31 23.47 4563 69 9.21 6583 13.22 2003-04 1750 25-13.36 5209 75 14.15 6959 5.71 2004-05 1856 26 6.05 5401 74 3.68 7257 4.28 2005-06 1890 25 1.83 5735 75 6.18 7624 5.05 2006-07 2066 26 9.31 5869 74 2.33 7935 4.07 2007-08 2321 26 12.34 6608 74 12.59 8927* 12.50 2008-09 2529 26 8.96 7040 74 6.53 9570* 7.20 2009-10 2828 27 11.82 7602 73 7.98 10431* 8.99 The maximum growth was recorded at 30.16 % in 1981-82 and the lowest growth was noticed at 2.02% in 1992-93.The share of buffalo milk production in total milk production showed increasing trend from 62% in 1980-81 to 79% in 1996-97. The total milk production in Andhra Pradesh increased from 1809000MTs in 1979-80 to 63

10431000MTs in 2009-10.It reveals that the milk production in Andhra Pradesh was raised by 5.76 times over a period from 1979-80 to 2009-10. District Wise Milk Production in A.P. District wise milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table 2.12. In 2000-01, Guntur district with 568000 MTs of milk production was in first position, Hyderabad district with 14000 MTs was in the last place, Anantapur district with 203000 MTs was in 11 th place. Table 2.12 District Wise Milk Production in A.P. (In 000MTs) District 2000-01 2005-06 Growth 2009-10 Growth Srikakulam 185 229 23.78 311 35.80 Vizianagaram 183 230 25.68 318 38.26 Visakhapatnam 240 362 50.83 498 37.56 East Godavari 374 577 54.27 781 35.35 West Godavari 438 473 7.99 618 30.65 Krishna 358 561 56.70 766 36.54 Guntur 568 679 19.54 830 22.23 Prakasam 339 524 54.57 835 59.35 Nellore 273 278 1.83 385 38.48 Chittor 533 568 6.56 751 32.21 Kadapa 131 155 18.32 277 78.70 Anantapur 203 255 25.61 384 50.58 Kurnnool 211 399 89.09 484 21.30 Mahabubnagar 184 263 42.93 363 38.02 Rangareddy 85 164 92.94 217 32.31 Hyderabad 14 66 371.42 70 6.06 Medak 159 267 67.92 362 35.58 Nizamabad 123 163 32.52 215 31.90 Adilabad 127 181 42.51 227 25.41 Karimnagar 213 358 68.07 524 46.36 Warangal 157 186 18.47 281 51.07 Khammam 170 323 90 429 32.81 Nalgonda 254 363 42.91 504 38.84 A.P. 5521 7624 38.09 10430 36.80 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 64

12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 District- Wise Milk Production in A.P. 65 A.P. Khammam Nalgonda Warangal Karimnagar Prakasam Nellore Chittor Kadapa Anantapur Kurnnool Mahabubnagar Rangareddy Hyderabad Medak Nizamabad Adilabad Districts 2000-01 2009-10 Growth (%) Guntur West Godavari Krishna Visakhapatnam East Godavari Srikakulam Vizianagaram Lakh Liters

The total milk production in Andhra Pradesh was 5521000 MTs in 2000-01. In 2009-10 the milk production is large i.e. 835000 MTs in Prakasam district and low at 7000 MTs in Hyderabad district. While Anantapur district stood at 12 th place with 384000 MTs. The growth rate between 2005-06 and 2009-10 ranged from 6.06% in Hyderabad district to 59.35% in Prakasam district. Total milk production in Andhra Pradesh was 10430000 MTs. Huge quantity of milk production was noticed in Guntur district and low was observed in Hyderabad district in 2000-01. In 2009-10 the milk production was high in Prakasam district and low in Hyderabad district. Season -Wise Milk Production Table 2.13 shows season wise milk production and average milk yield per day per animal in Andhra Pradesh. The average milk yield per non descript cow in three seasons was 2 kg, per Crossbreed cow 7 kg, per Graded Murrah buffaloes it was 6 kg. The above analysis reveals that the average milk yield is high in the case of Crossbreed and Gradedmurrah compared to Nondescript cow and buffalo. In winter season the highest average milk yield was observed in the case of Cross breed cow and in summer season the lowest average yield was noticed in the case of Graded Murrah buffaloes. In the case of nondescript cows and buffaloes the average milk yield was same in three seasons. 66

Table 2.13 Season -Wise Milk Production and Average Milk Yield per day per Animal in 2009-10 Average Milk Yield ( In Kgs ) Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow Buffalo Cow Buffalo Season ND CB GM ND ND CB Total GM ND Total 508 311 819 985 1016 2001 Summer 2 7 6 3 (28.23) (30.22) (28.96) (24.55) (28.30 (26.32) 589 307 896 1286 1081 2367 Rainy 2 7 7 3 (32.74) (29.83) (31.68) (32.06) (30.11) (31.14) Winter 2 8 7 3 702 (39.02) 411 (39.94) 1113 (39.35) 1740 (43.38) 1493 (41.58) 3233 (42.53) Annual 2 7 7 3 1799 1029 2828 4011 3590 7601 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. Note: Figures in brackets are percentages to total milk production. The total milk production of nondescript cows was high in winter season (702000 MTs), low in rainy season (508000 MTs). In the case of Crossbreed cows the yield was high in winter season (411000 MTs), low in rainy season (307000 MTs). While the total cow milk production was high in winter season i.e. 1113000 MTs, low in summer season i.e. 819000 MTs. In the case of murrah buffaloes the milk production was high in winter season i.e. 1740000 MTs, low in summer season i.e. 985000 MTs. Nondescript buffalo milk production was high in winter season (1493000 MTs) and low in summer season (1016000 MTs).The total buffalo milk production was high in winter season (3233000 MTs) and low in summer season (2001000 MTs). It indicates that the milk production was high in winter season compared to other seasons. 67

Milk Production in Thousand MT 8000 7500 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Season- Wise & Breed - Wise Milk Production in A.P. in - 2009-10 Summer Rainy Winter Annual Seasons Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow ND Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow Total Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo ND Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Cow CB Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo GM Total Milk Production (IN 000MTs) Buffalo Total 68

District Wise and Breed Wise Cow Milk Production District- Wise and Breed wise cow milk production in Andhra Pradesh was shown in Table 2.14. Milk production includes Crossbred cow milk and Indigenous cow milk. Cross breed cow milk production was high in Chittor District i.e., 496000 MTs which accounts for 21.55% of total crossbreed milk production in Andhra Pradesh and low in Adilabad district i.e., 7000 MTs accounts for just 0.38 % of total crossbreed milk production. District Table 2.14 District Wise and Breed Wise Cow Milk Production-2009-10 Cross Breed %to Total Indigenous %to Total Total Cow Milk Production (In 000MTs) %of Cross Breed milk %of Indigen ous Milk Srikakulam 130 7.2 72 6.99 202 64.35 35.64 Vizianagaram 126 7 40 3.88 166 75.90 24.09 Visakhapatnam 148 8.2 33 3.20 181 81.76 18.23 East Godavari 161 8.94 27 2.62 188 85.63 14.36 West Godavari 67 3.72 34 3.30 101 66.33 33.66 Krishna 47 2.61 20 1.94 67 70.14 29.85 Guntur 55 3.05 43 4.17 98 56.12 43.87 Prakasam 74 4.11 29 2.81 103 71.84 28.15 Nellore 38 2.11 10 0.97 48 79.16 20.83 Chittor 496 21.55 150 14.57 646 76.78 23.21 Kadapa 28 1.55 15 1.45 43 65.11 34.88 Anantapur 74 4.11 61 5.92 135 54.81 45.18 Kurnnool 32 1.77 66 6.41 92 32.65 67.34 Mahabubnagar 24 1.33 56 5.44 80 30 70 Rangareddy 21 1.16 22 2.13 43 48.83 51.16 Hyderabad 13 0.72 4 0.33 17 76.47 23.52 Medak 24 1.33 63 6.12 87 27.58 72.41 Nizamabad 31 1.72 27 2.62 58 53.44 46.55 Adilabad 7 0.38 83 8.06 90 7.77 92.22 Karimnagar 69 3.83 27 2.62 96 71.87 28.12 Warangal 23 1.27 36 3.49 59 38.98 61.01 Khammam 58 3.22 53 5.15 111 52.25 47.74 Nalgonda 54 3 58 5.63 112 48.21 51.78 Total 1800-1029 - 2829 63.62 36.35 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. 69

While Indigenous cow milk production is high in Chittor district i.e. 150000 MTs and the same is low in Hyderabad district i.e. 4000 MTs. Of the total cow milk production in A.P. the share of Chittor district is high 646000 MTs (22.83%), low in Hyderabad i.e.17000 MTs (0.60%). Of total cow milk production the share of crossbreed milk production in East Godavari district is at 85.63%, while the share of indigenous cow milk production is high at 92.22 % in Adilabad district. District Wise and Breed- Wise Buffalo Milk Production Table 2.15 shows district wise and breed wise buffalo milk production in Andhra Pradesh. Milk production includes the milk of Graded Murrah and Indigenous buffaloes. The Murrah buffalo milk production was high in Krishna district i.e.539 thousand MTs that accounts for 13.44 % while Murrah milk production was low at 38 thousand MTs (0.94%) in Nizamabad district. Anantapur district stood at 16 th place with 100 thousand MTs of Graded Murrah buffalo milk production. While Indigenous buffalo milk production was high in Prakasam district i.e. 367 thousand MTs (10.22%) and it was low in Hyderabad district i.e. 8 thousand MTs (0.22%). Anantapur district stood at 10 th place with 149 thousand MTs (4.15%) of indigenous buffalo milk production. The buffalo milk production was high in two districts namely Guntur (9.63%) and Prakasam (9.63%) and low in Hyderabad district (0.69%). The share of Graded Murrah buffalo milk is high in Hyderabad district (84.90%) and low in Nizamabad district (24.35%). Anantapur district got 21 st place with 40.16%. In total buffalo milk production the percentage of Murrah buffalo milk is 52.77%. While the percentage of indigenous buffalo milk is high in Nizamabad district (75.64%) and the 70

same is low at 15.09% in Hyderabad district. The total share of indigenous buffalo milk production in A.P. is 47.22%. Thus the above analysis reveals that the graded Murrah buffalo milk production is more than that of indigenous buffalo milk production in A.P. District Table 2.15 District Wise and Breed Wise Buffalo Milk Production Graded Murrah %to Total Indigenous %to Total Total Buffalo Milk Production %of Graded Murrah milk (In 000MTs) %of Indigenous Milk Srikakulam 46 1.14 64 1.78 110 41.81 58.18 Vizianagaram 81 2.01 71 1.97 152 53.28 46.71 Visakhapatnam 180 4.48 136 3.79 316 56.96 43.03 East Godavari 319 7.95 273 7.60 592 53.88 46.11 West Godavari 315 7.85 202 5.62 517 60.92 39.07 Krishna 539 13.44 160 4.45 699 77.11 22.88 Guntur 440 10.97 292 8.13 732 60.10 39.89 Prakasam 365 9.10 367 10.22 732 49.86 50.13 Nellore 142 3.54 196 5.46 338 42.01 57.08 Chittor 49 1.22 55 1.53 104 47.11 52.88 Kadapa 102 2.54 132 3.67 234 43.58 56.41 Anantapur 100 2.49 149 4.15 249 40.16 59.83 Kurnnool 184 4.58 202 5.62 386 47.66 52.33 Mahabubnagar 135 3.36 148 4.12 283 47.70 52.29 Rangareddy 105 2.61 69 1.92 174 60.34 39.65 Hyderabad 45 1.12 8 0.22 53 84.90 15.09 Medak 162 4.03 113 3.14 275 58.90 41.09 Nizamabad 38 0.94 118 3.28 156 24.35 75.64 Adilabad 43 1.07 94 2.61 137 31.38 68.61 Karimnagar 192 4.78 236 6.57 428 44.85 55.14 Warangal 86 2.14 136 3.79 222 38.73 61.26 Khammam 165 4.11 152 4.23 317 52.05 47.94 Nalgonda 177 4.41 215 5.99 392 45.15 54.84 Total 4010 52.77 3588 47.22 7598 52.77 47.22 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh is shown in Table 2.16. Milk production includes cow milk and buffalo milk. The quantity of cow milk produced in 2000-01 in Chittor district was huge (462000 MTs) and the same was low 71

1000 MTs in Hyderabad. Anantapur stood at 4 th place with 85000 MTs. In 2000-01 the total milk production in A.P. was 1558000 MTs. In 2009-10 also the cow milk production was huge (646000 MTs) in Chittor district, while the same was low (17000 MTs) in Hyderabad. In 2009-10 Anantapur district stood at 6 th place with 135000 MTs. In 2009-10 the total cow milk production in A.P. was 2828000 MTs. Table 2.16 District Wise Growth of milk production in Andhra Pradesh (In 000MTs) District Cows Buffaloes 2000- % to 2009- % to 2000- % to 2009- % to 01 Total 10 Total Growth 01 Total 10 Total Growth Srikakulam 139 49 202 65 45.32 146 51 109 35-25.34 Vizianagaram 81 45 166 52 104.93 102 55 152 48 49.01 Visakhapatnam 73 30 181 36 147.94 167 70 317 64 89.82 East Godavari 73 19 189 25 158.90 301 81 592 75 96.67 West Godavari 52 12 101 16 94.23 386 88 517 84 33.93 Krishna 24 6 67 8 179.16 334 94 699 92 109.28 Guntur 15 2 98 12 553.33 553 98 733 88 32.54 Prakasam 14 4 103 12 635.71 325 96 732 88 125.23 Nellore 31 12 47 12 51.61 242 88 338 88 39.66 Chittor 462 87 646 86 39.82 71 13 104 14 46.47 Kadapa 17 13 43 15 152.94 114 87 234 85 105.26 Anantapur 85 42 135 36 58.82 117 58 249 64 112.82 Kurnnool 53 25 97 20 83.01 158 75 387 80 144.93 Mahabubnagar 87 48 80 22-8.04 97 52 283 78 191.75 Rangareddy 3 6 43 19 1333.3 54 94 174 81 222.22 Hyderabad 1 7 17 25 1600.00 13 93 53 75 307.69 Medak 43 27 87 24 102.32 116 73 275 76 137.66 Nizamabad 35 29 58 27 65.71 87 71 157 73 80.45 Adilabad 59 47 90 39 52.54 68 53 137 61 101.47 Karimnagar 47 23 96 18 104.25 166 77 428 82 157.83 Warangal 33 22 59 21 78.78 123 78 222 79 80.48 Khammam 35 21 112 26 220.00 136 79 317 73 133.08 Nalgonda 68 27 112 22 64.70 186 73 392 78 110.75 Total 1558 28 2828 27 81.51 3964 72 7602 73 91.77 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. District Wise Cow Milk Production District- wise, breed-wise and season-wise cow milk production in Andhra Pradesh for 2009-10 is shown in Table 2.17. Season-wise data reveals that the milk production in winter season is high compared to other seasons. For instance the 72

crossbreed cow milk production in summer season was 508 thousand MTs, in rainy season 590 thousand MTs and in winter season 701 thousand MTs out of total crossbreed cow milk production of 1798 thousand MTs in A.P. Table 2.17 District-Wise, Breed Wise and Season-Wise Cow Milk Production -2009-10 (In 000MTs) Cross Breed Indigenous District Summer Rainy Winter Total Summer Rainy Winter Total Grand Total Srikakulam 45 43 41 129 27 22 21 72 202 Vizianagaram 30 40 56 127 11 13 17 40 165 Visakhapatnam 41 47 61 148 11 10 12 33 181 East Godavari 44 56 61 161 8 9 10 28 188 West Godavari 21 22 25 68 11 10 12 34 100 Krishna 14 13 21 48 14 2 4 19 66 Guntur 14 16 24 55 12 13 18 43 98 Prakasam 20 23 31 74 8 8 11 30 103 Nellore 13 11 13 38 3 3 4 10 48 Chittoor 154 186 156 496 44 57 49 151 646 Kadapa 10 9 9 28 6 5 4 15 42 Anantapur 14 13 46 74 13 12 36 60 135 Kurnnool 9 11 12 32 19 19 26 65 97 Mahabubnagar 7 7 10 23 17 17 22 56 79 Rangareddy 4 7 9 21 5 6 10 23 42 Hyderabad 3 4 5 12 2 0.92 2 4 17 Medak 6 10 9 25 16 23 24 62 88 Nizamabad 5 8 18 30 5 6 15 27 97 Adilabad 2 1 4 7 25 20 38 82 91 Karimnagar 15 21 33 70 7 7 12 27 97 Warangal 7 8 8 23 13 11 12 36 60 Khammam 17 16 27 59 16 13 24 54 111 Nalgonda 14 15 25 53 15 16 25 59 111 Total 508 590 701 1798 311 307 411 1030 2827 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P., 2008-09 & 2009-10. District-wise data reveals that in 2009-10 the crossbreed cow milk production was high (496 thousand MTs) in Chittor district, followed by East Godavari district (161 thousand MTs) and Visakhapatnam district (148 thousand MTs). While the crossbreed cow milk production was least (7 thousand MTs) in Adilabad district, followed by Hyderabad district (12 thousand MTs) and Rangareddy district (21 thousand MTs) The indigenous cow milk production in summer season was 311 thousand MTs, in rainy 73

season 307 thousand MTs and in winter season 411 thousand MTs out of the total production of 1030 thousand MTs of Indigenous cow milk in A.P. District-wise data shows that in 2009-10 the indigenous cow milk production was high (151 thousand MTs) in Chittor district followed by Adilabad district (82 thousand MTs) and Srikakulam district (72 thousand MTs). While the indigenous cow milk production was low in Hyderabad district (4 thousand MTs) followed by Nellore district (10 thousand MTs) and Kadapa district (15 thousand MTs). The total cow milk production was high (646 thousand MTs) in Chittor district followed by Srikakulam district (202 thousand MTs) and East Godavari district (188 thousand MTs). In A.P the total cow milk production was 2827 thousand MTs. Out of this 1798 thousand MTs (67.60%) from CB and remaining 1030 thousand MTs from Indigenous cows. District-Wise Buffalo Milk Production Table 2.18 shows district- wise, breed-wise and season-wise buffalo milk Production in Andhra Pradesh for 2009-10. In A.P. Murrah buffalo milk production was estimated at 4011 thousand MTs in 2009-10. Season-wise data reveals that the milk production in winter season is high compared to that of summer and rainy seasons. For instance the Murrah buffalo milk production in summer season was 985 thousand MTs, in rainy season 1286 thousand MTs and in winter season 1740 thousand MTs. Districtwise data reveals that in 2009-10 the Murrah buffalo milk production was high (539 thousand MTs) in Krishna district followed by Guntur district (441 thousand MTs) and Prakasam district (366 thousand MTs). While the Murrah buffalo milk production was very low in Nizamabad district (39 thousand MTs) followed by Adilabad district (42 thousand MTs), Hyderabad district and Srikakulam district (46 thousand MTs each). 74

District Table 2.18 District -Wise Breed-Wise and Season-Wise Buffalo Milk Production 2009-10 Graded Murrah (In 000MTs) Indigenous Summer Rainy Winter Total Summer Rainy Winter Total Grand total Srikakulam 15 16 15 46 20 22 21 63 109 Vizianagaram 18 26 38 81 17 22 32 71 153 Visakhapatnam 45 59 75 180 39 45 52 136 287 East Godavari 79 117 124 320 80 94 100 274 593 West Godavari 89 108 119 316 69 62 69 201 518 Krishna 139 156 244 539 48 44 69 160 652 Guntur 105 139 196 441 82 88 124 292 732 Prakasam 88 121 155 366 105 114 147 368 732 Nellore 44 43 55 141 71 56 69 196 337 Chittor 13 20 17 49 18 21 16 55 105 Kadapa 31 38 34 103 46 47 41 132 235 Anantapur 16 20 65 101 29 27 92 148 250 Kurnnool 46 61 78 184 58 64 81 203 387 Mahabubnagar 34 44 56 135 43 47 58 149 284 Rangareddy 22 32 50 104 18 20 31 70 175 Hyderabad 12 15 20 46 2 3 3 8 53 Medak 32 62 68 162 27 42 46 112 275 Nizamabad 6 9 24 39 20 30 70 119 157 Adilabad 8 12 22 42 25 22 45 93 137 Karimnagar 38 60 94 192 57 70 110 235 427 Warangal 24 27 33 85 44 41 50 135 221 Khammam 42 47 78 165 45 40 68 153 317 Nalgonda 39 54 84 176 56 62 99 215 393 Total 985 1286 1740 4011 1016 1081 1493 3590 7601 Source: Integrated Sample Survey, Animal Husbandry Department, Govt. of A.P. 2008-09 & 2009-10. In A.P indigenous buffalo milk production was estimated at 3590 thousand MTs in 2009-10. Season-wise data indicates that the indigenous buffalo milk production in summer season was 1016 thousand MTs, in rainy season 1080 thousand MTs and in winter season 1493 thousand MTs out of the total buffalo milk production of 3590 thousand MTs in A.P. District-wise data reveals that in 2009-10 the indigenous buffalo milk production was high (368 thousand MTs) in Prakasam district, while the indigenous buffalo milk production was very low (8 thousand MTs) in Hyderabad district. The total buffalo milk production was high (732 thousand MTs) in two districts i.e. Guntur and 75