SWACHH BHARAT MISSION (GRAMIN) Knowledge Exchange Seminar on Sanitation Facilities 10 th September, 2015 Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
60% people globally that defecate in the open reside in India Brazil, 4.06 Nigeria, 45.75 Nepal, 8.96 Nigeria, 45.75 Pakistan, 24.44 Rest of the World, 162.66 Ethopia, China, 14.01 28.42 Indonesia, 51 India, 564.08 In million Source-JMP Report 2015 World Picture on Open Defecation 2
South Asia Picture 61% of rural population defecates in the Open in India 70 60 % Open Defecation-Rural(JMP-2015) 61 50 40 37 30 20 17 21 10 0 4 2 0 0 Afghanistan Bangladesh Bhutan India Maldives Nepal Pakistan Sri Lanka Source: JMP 2015( data 2015)
Sanitation coverage in rural areas 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 32.7 Census 2011 38.81 Baseline Survey 2012-13 46.51* As on 9.9.2015 * As per Online Monitoring System of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation
State-wise Sanitation coverage in rural areas as per Census 2011 120.00 100.00 80.00 60.00 40.00 20.00 8.33 13.58 14.85 15.32 18.61 20.13 22.87 26.73 29.28 31.89 32.67 34.24 34.88 40.41 41.71 44.20 48.70 54.96 55.75 56.94 57.71 61.08 61.54 65.80 67.45 71.89 72.60 77.69 84.59 85.14 86.50 87.10 87.73 94.31 94.41 98.34 0.00 Jharkhand Madhya Pradesh Chhattisgarh Odisha Bihar Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Tamil Nadu Dadra & Nagar Haveli Karnataka Rural India Gujarat Andhra Pradesh Puducherry Jammu & Kashmir Maharashtra West Bengal Uttarakhand Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya Haryana A & N Islands Assam Daman & Diu Himachal Pradesh Punjab Goa Nagaland Tripura Sikkim NCT of Delhi Mizoram Manipur Chandigarh Kerala Lakshadweep
Rural Sanitation Coverage as per Baseline Survey 2012-13 100.0 90.0 80.0 70.0 60.0 50.0 40.0 30.0 20.0 10.0 0.0 94.7 86.0 81.6 78.0 75.2 75.1 67.1 62.6 60.7 55.3 53.8 52.8 52.2 51.3 49.8 48.0 44.8 42.3 41.5 40.4 39.6 35.4 35.2 30.9 28.0 27.3 26.2 25.4 21.4 Kerala Himachal Pradesh Sikkim Mizoram Punjab Haryana Uttarakhand Tripura Goa West Bengal A & N Islands Gujarat Meghalaya Manipur Nagaland Maharashtra Tamil Nadu Assam Arunachal Pradesh Rural India Chhattisgarh Karnataka Uttar Pradesh Andhra Pradesh Jharkhand Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh Jammu & Kashmir Bihar 6
Sanitation Chronology Sanitation was part of national agenda in first 5 year plan (1951-56) 1986 - Focus on Sanitation - Central Rural Sanitation Programme (CRSP) launched 1999 - Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) launched 2003- Community incentive scheme- Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) launched on 2 nd Oct 2003 2012- Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan(NBA) 2014- Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) 7 launched on 2 nd October, 2014.
Objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) To make India Open Defecation Free (ODF) by 2 nd October 2019, by providing access to toilet facilities to all; To provide toilets, separately for Boys and Girls in all schools by 15.8.2015; To provide toilets to all Anganwadis; Villages to be kept clean with Solid and Liquid Waste Management. 8
Provisions Incentive to cover support for Individual Household Latrine (IHHL) for all APLs belonging to SC/ST, Small and Marginal Farmers, Landless Labourers with Homestead, Physically Handicapped Women Headed Households, and all BPLs. Incentive enhanced from Rs. 10,000 to Rs. 12,000 with provision for water for storing, hand-washing and cleaning of toilets. Central share Rs. 9,000 (75 percent). State share Rs. 3,000 (25 percent). North Eastern States, Jammu and Kashmir and Special Category States (HP and Uttarkhand), Central share 10,800 and State share Rs. 1,200 (90 percent:10 percent).
Provisions Solid and Liquid Waste management (SLWM) in project mode for each GP with financial assistance on number of households. Cap of Rs. 7/12/15/20 lakh for Gram Panchayats having up to 150/300/500/More than 500 households on a Centre and State/GP sharing ratio of 75:25. Any additional cost requirement to be met by State/GP.
Provisions Transfer construction of School toilets to the Department of School Education and Literacy Anganwadi toilets to the Ministry of Women and Child Development Information, Education and Communication (IEC) at 8 percent of total project cost, with 3 percent at the Central level and 5 percent at State level. Administrative Cost will be 2 percent of the project cost. Sharing pattern 75:25 between Centre and State
Pattern of Assistance Components Total incentive (In Rs.) Centre share (In Rs.) IHHL 12,000/- 9000/-(10,800 For Special category States) State share (In Rs.) 3000/-(1,200 For Special category States) Beneficia ries share (In Rs.) Community Sanitary Complexes Rs. 200000 Rs. 120000 Rs. 60000 Rs. 20000 RSM/PC Rs. 500000 Rs. 400000 Rs. 100000 Solid and Liquid Waste Management Rs. 7/12/15/20 lakh for GPs having up to 150/300/500/ more than 500 households 75% 25%
Strategy 1. Creation of demand by Triggering Behaviour change by intensified IEC campaign and Inter Personal Communication (IPC). 2. Assistance of Multilateral Agencies, National NGOs and groups like Rotary/Lions, Nehru Yuva Kendra etc. 3. Outputs (Construction) and Outcomes (Usage/ open defecation free) will be monitored. 4. Mechanism of Trigger plus Incentives to construct quality toilets will be used. 13
Strategy 5. Strong Administrative structure for the Mission at Central, State and District level. 6. Monitor Outcomes (Toilet usage); Monitor Outputs in terms of Expenditure and toilets constructed. 7. Use of Technology to Monitor Household coverage through Hand held device. 8. Innovative, Low cost and User friendly technologies for toilet and Solid and Liquid Waste Management to be pursued. 9. States, which performs well under the Swachh Bharat Mission to be incentivised. 10. Launching of the Swachh Bharat Award. 14
Solid Waste Management Setting up of systems for the scientific disposal of waste in such a way that has a tangible impact on the population. The community/ Gram Panchayat has to be motivated to come forward and demand for such system, which they have to operate and maintain. The states can decide on the technologies suitable to their areas. Segregation, collection and safe disposal of household garbage and decentralized systems like household/ community level composting, vermicomposting and biogas plants are permitted. Menstrual Hygiene Management safe disposal of sanitary pads and cloths and setting up of incinerators in schools, women complexes, PHCs and other suitable place in village are considered.
APPROACHES FOR SLWM Demand-driven approach The solutions should start at household level and then go upward like the rungs on a ladder Economical Aspects Priority on health- Health consequences could be the key rationale for the formulation of State Policy for SLWM.
Strategy for Planning and Implementation All Gram Panchayats to be targeted for coverage with a SLWM project. SLWM projects for each GP forms the part of Annual District Plan. Annual District plan will be approved by the State level Scheme Sanctioning Committee (SLSCC). Each individual project household level, community level etc. will be approved at the DWC level as per technical and financial rules. Objective is to initiate SLWM in all GPs without delay. Every State should have one SLWM Consultant supported by SLWM Consultants in each District to guide the preparation of SLWM Projects.
Liquid Waste Management Maximum reuse of liquid waste (grey water) for agriculture purposes with least O &M cost. For collection of waste water - low cost drainage/ small bore system, soakage pit can be considered. For treatment of waste water - waste stabilization ponds, duck weed based technology, phytorid technology (NEERI), Dewats system can be considered. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Recover/ Replace is given focus under the rural SLWM programme. Septage Management/ treatment in rural areas. Agriculture Waste Management in rural areas. Industrial waste- Sugar Industries etc. in rural areas.
Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) Clean Village Prize started from 2005 - fiscal incentive scheme for local governments (PRI) at village, block and district level, which achieves Nirmal status. Award given to local government that becomes 100% Open Defecation Free and maintains clean environment. Total of 28589 Gram; 181 Block and 13 District declared Nirmal so far. During 2013, 587 Gram Panchayats awarded NGP NGP will be restructured and Swachh Bharat Award will be launched
Rural Sanitation - As per Baseline Survey 2013 Total households as per Baseline Survey 2013 : 17.12 Cr. Component IHHLs Out of this: Households eligible for Incentives Number 11.11 crore toilets to be constructed Households with Defunct/dysfunctional APLs not eligible for Incentives 8.84 crore 1.39 crore - 0.88 crore 20
Challenges Mindset change required to motivate usage. Absence of / Inadequate staff at the Field Level Need for Personnel at Block level for Sanitation Need of Swachhata Doots at GP Level Need for Effective IEC and Behaviour Change Campaign Strengthening Districts and Blocks with IEC equipments Need for Involvement of NGOs, CSO, SHGs and Partners at District and GP levels Involvement and participation of Citizens is a must.
Challenges cont Technologies for household sanitation Technologies for Solid and Liquid Waste Management Operation and Maintenance of School, Anganwadi toilets Operation and Maintenance of Community Toilets. Need for availability of water for use of toilets Issue of defunct/dysfunctional toilets. Sensitization of Panchayats to make the proactive Capacity building essential. Availability of sanitary material in rural areas 22
Important recent initiatives Centre State coordination improved through visits, State workshops and VCs. National RALU constituted for feedback and suggestions. External monitoring initiated through NSSO/3 rd parties States being told to focus on Sanitation as a key development priority and to deploy adequately trained manpower for the same. Collector s trainings 5 batches of 30 each held. Training of IAS Probationers-Phase I at LBSNAA held on 5 th June (180 participants).
Important recent initiatives Massive IEC Campaign with MoIB and M/o Finance. Process and Product Innovation Forum on website. National Workshop on SLWM on 21.04.2014. Use of Social Media: Whatsapp group/facebook page Committee -Dr. R.A. Mashelkar- Innovative Technologies Corporate Facilitation Desk being created- Sanitation Coalition Forum Identifying Key Resource Centres for Capacity Building
PUBLICATIONS Guidelines for Swachh Bharat Mission(Gramin). Guidelines on Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) in Rural Areas ADB Support. Compendium of Innovative Technologies on Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation. Webpage to upload Innovative rural technologies on SLWM Source Book on Solid and Liquid Waste Management in Rural India CEE Technical Manual on Solid and Liquid Waste Management- MDWS. Under preparation Guidelines on Menstrual Hygiene Management. Handbook on sanitation facilities to PwD. SOP for providing Sanitation facilities during Disaster.
LET US TOGETHER MAKE Thank you